Self-Attention in Evagrius Ponticus: A Specific Modality of Self-Regulation of Attention as a Way of Self-Knowledge
Tóm tắt
In recent decades the interest in psycho-clinical research on analyzing the psychological mechanisms underlying the various spiritual practices around the self-regulation of attention has increased exponentially. While the study of the self-regulation practices of attention rooted in Buddhism grows each year, there have not yet been equivalent developments regarding the practice of attention in the Stoic tradition, in the first Christian monasticism, or in other late-antiquity writers. Although the notion of “self-attention” is a core notion of these traditions, it has not been sufficiently studied or the research is in an incipient state. Our work aims to explore and systematize some of the specific notes that characterize the practice of self-attention in Evagrius Ponticus, a hermit monk of the first Christian monasticism of the fourth century. As a hypothesis, we claim that in the writings of this monk we can find a particular practice of self-regulation of attention as a way of self-knowledge. The prayer he suggests that seeks to establish an interpersonal relationship with the Divine is a practice that aims to access a healthy and authentic image of oneself.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Buju, S. (2019). Clinical approach of spiritual illnesses: Eastern Christian spirituality and cognitive behavioral therapy. Pastoral Psychology, 68, 361–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-019-00874-5
Bunge, G. (1989). Comments to the A Treatise on the Practical Life. Praktikos oder Der Mönch. Hundert Kapitel über das geistliche Leben. Luther-Verlag
Bunge, G. (2021). Les enseignements d’Évagre (Chapitres des disciples d’Évagre). EOS-Editions of Sankt Ottilien
Casiday, A. (2013). Reconstructing the theology of Evagrius Ponticus: Beyond heresy. Cambridge University Press
Evagrius Ponticus. (1952). In J. Muyldermans (Ed.), Evagriana syriaca: Textes inedits du British Museum et de la Vaticane. Bibliothèque du Muséon. Publications universitaires
Evagrius Ponticus. (1958). Képhalaia Gnostica. In A. Guilleaumont (1990), Les six centuries des Képhalaia Gnostica d´Évagre le Pontique (L. Dysinger, Trans.). Brepols. http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/02_Gno-Keph/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus (1971). Traité Pratique ou le moine. A. Guillaumont & C. Guillaumont (Eds.), SC 171, Paris, Cerf
Evagrius Ponticus. (1979). Discrimination in respect of passions and thoughts. In G. E. H. Palmer, P. Sherrard & K. Ware (Trans.). The Philokalia (Vol. 1). Faber and Faber
Evagrius Ponticus (1990a). The Monk: A treatise on the practical life. In The Greek ascetic corpus (Dysinger, L. .Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/01_Prak/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1990b). Letters. In The Greek ascetic corpus. L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/11_Letters/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus (1990c). Discourse to the monk Eulogies. (L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/12_Eulogius/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1990d). Peri logismon. (L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/04_Peri-Log/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1990e) Scholia on psalms. (L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/08_Psalms/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1990f). Scholia on Ecclesiastes. (L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/10_Eccl/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1990g). On prayer. (L. Dysinger, Trans.). http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/03_Prayer/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (1993). Evagrius of Pontus. (D. Stăniloae, Trans.). In The Philokalia (Vol. 1). Harisma
Evagrius Ponticus (1998). The big antirrheticus. In The anger and her therapy after Avva Evagrius of Pontus (I. I. Ică Jr., Trans.). Deisis
Evagrius Ponticus (2001). Scholia on psalms. In M.-J. Rondeau, P. Géhin, & M. Cassin, Évagre Le Pontique, scholies aux psaumes. SC 615. Cerf.
Evagrius Ponticus. (2003). Exhortations. In R. Sinkewicz, Evagrius of Pontus, the Greek ascetic corpus. Oxford University Press
Evagrius Ponticus. (2006a). The Greek ascetic corpus (R. E. Sinkewicz, Trans.). Oxford University Press.
Evagrius Ponticus. (2006b). Excerpts. In A. Casiday (Ed.), Evagrius Ponticus. Routledge
Evagrius Ponticus. (2007). Chapitres des disciples d´Évagre. Paul Géhin. SC 514. Cerf.
Evagrius Ponticus. (2008). Gnostikos. In A. Guillaumont & C. Guillaumont, Le gnostique ou a calui qui est devenu digne de la science (L. Dysinger, Trans.). SC 356. Cerf. http://www.ldysinger.com/Evagrius/02_Gno-Keph/00a_start.htm
Evagrius Ponticus. (2009). Talking back: A monastic handbook for combating demons. (D. Brakke, Trans.). Cistercian.
Evagrius Ponticus. (2013). Letters. In G. Bunge, Evagrios Pontikos. Briefe aus der wüste. Beuroner Kunstverlag.
Gould, G. (1997). An ancient monastic writing giving advice to spiritual directors (Evagrius of Pontus, On Teachers and Disciples), Hallel, 22, 96–103
Graiver, I. (2016). The paradoxical effects of attentiveness. The Journal of Early Christian Studies, 24(2), 199–227. https://doi.org/10.1353/earl.2016.0017
Graiver, I. (2018). Possible selves in late antiquity: Ideal selfhood and embodied selves in Evagrian anthropology. Journal of Religion, 98(1), 59–89. https://doi.org/10.1086/694589
Guillaumont, A. (2009). Un philosophe au désert: Évagre le Pontique. Vrin
Guillaumont, A., & Guillaumont, C. (2008). Le gnostique ou a calui qui est devenu digne de la science. SC 356. Cerf
Jiménez, S., Niles, B., & Park, C. (2010). A mindfulness model of affect regulation and depressive symptoms: Positive emotions, mood regulation expectancies, and self-acceptance as regulatory mechanisms. Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 645–650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.041
Kallistos, W. (1998). The way of the ascetics: Negative or affirmative?. In V. L. Wimbush & R. Valantasis (Eds.), Asceticism (pp. 3–15). Oxford University Press
Peretó Rivas, R. (2017). ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy) y Evagrio Póntico: Algunas correspondencias teóricas. Cauriensia, 12, 579–598
Peretó Rivas, R. (2019). Las funciones de la atención en la homilía Sobre las palabras “Permanece atento a ti mismo”de San Basilio. Espíritu LXVIII, (158),485–501
Peretó Rivas, R. (2021). Los Padres de la Iglesia y la atención plena: Acerca de la posibilidad de un mindfulness cristiano. Gregorianum, 102, 539–555
Sellars, J. (2018). Roman Stoic mindfulness: An ancient technology of the self. In M. Dennis, & S. Werkhoven (Eds.), Ethics and self-cultivation: Historical and contemporary perspectives (pp. 15–29). Routledge
Van Gordon, W., Shonin, E., & García-Campayo, J. (2017). Are there adverse effects associated with mindfulness? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 51(10), 977–979. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867417716309
Vazquez, S. (2019). La noción de logismoí en Evagrio Póntico: El correlato cognitivo de las pasiones enfermas. Éndoxa: Series Filosóficas, 43, 67–90
Vazquez, S. (2020). El gnóstico y la capacidad confutatoria de la palabra como recurso de la labor medicinal en Evagrio Póntico. Agora Papeles de Filosofía, 39(2), 59–78
Vazquez, S. (2021). La ignorancia de sí como enfermedad del alma y la palabra especular del gnóstico como terapia en Evagrio Póntico. Philosophia, 81(1), 69–94