EXTENDED-SPECTRUM (SECOND-AND THIRD-GENERATION) CEPHALOSPORINS

Abraham, 1987, Cephalosporins 1945–1986, Drugs, 34, 1, 10.2165/00003495-198700342-00003 AMA Drug Evaluation, 1992, 1275 Apuzzio, 1985, Comparative clinical evaluation of ceftizoxime with clindamycin and gentamicin and cefoxitin in the treatment of post-cesarean endomyometritis, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 161, 518 Bawden, 1982, Maternal and fetal pharmokinetics of moxalactam given intrapartum, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 144, 546, 10.1016/0002-9378(82)90225-3 Bergan, 1987, Pharmokinetic properties of the cephalosporins, Drugs, 34, 89, 10.2165/00003495-198700342-00008 Berkley, 1988, Comparative effectiveness and safety of cefotetan and cefoxitin as prophylactic agents in patients undergoing abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy, Am J Surg, 155, 81, 10.1016/S0002-9610(88)80219-8 Blanco, 1983, Randomized comparison of ceftazidime versus clindamycin-tobramycin in the treatment of obstetrical and gynecolgic infection, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 24, 500, 10.1128/AAC.24.4.500 Carlson, 1990, Antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean delivery: Is an extended spectrum agent necessary?, Obstet Gynecol, 76, 343 Conover, 1984, Comparison of irrigation and intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis at cesarean section, Obstet Gynecol, 63, 787 Dashow, 1986, Randomized comparison of five irrigation solutions at cesarean section, Obstet Gynecol, 68, 473 Donowitz, 1989, Third generation cephalosporins, Infect Dis Clin North Am, 3, 595, 10.1016/S0891-5520(20)30291-9 Duff, 1987, Single-dose cefazolin versus cefonicid for antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean delivery, Obstet Gynecol, 70, 718 Faro, 1990, Antibiotic prophylaxis: Is there a difference?, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 162, 900, 10.1016/0002-9378(90)91290-S Fekety, 1990, Safety of parenteral third generation cephalosporins, Am J Med, 88, 38S, 10.1016/0002-9343(90)90326-9 Ford, 1987, Cost-effective use of antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 157, 506, 10.1016/S0002-9378(87)80204-1 Fortunato, 1988, Steady-state cord and amniotic ceftizoxime levels continuously surpass maternal levels, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 159, 570, 10.1016/S0002-9378(88)80010-3 Gibbs, 1982, A double-blind, randomized comparison of clindamycin-gentamicin versus cefamandole for treatment of post-cesarean section endometritis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 144, 261, 10.1016/0002-9378(82)90576-2 Gilman, 1990, The cephalosporins, 1085 Gilstrap, 1986, (Cefoperazone vs clindamycin plus gentamicin for obstetric and gynecologic infection, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 30, 808, 10.1128/AAC.30.5.808 Goldberg, 1987, The cephalosporins, Med Clin North Am, 71, 1113, 10.1016/S0025-7125(16)30800-8 Gonen, 1986, Effect of irrigation or intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis on infectious morbidity at cesarean section, Obstet Gynecol, 67, 545 Gonik, 1986, Pharmokinetics of cefoperazone in the parturient, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 30, 874, 10.1128/AAC.30.6.874 Hayes, 1983, Mode of action of ceftazidime: Affinity for the penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli K12, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, J Antimicrob Chemother, 12, 119, 10.1093/jac/12.2.119 Hemsell, 1983, Cefotaxime sodium therapy for endomyometritis following cesarean section: Dose finding and comparative study, Obstet Gynecol, 62, 489 Hemsell, 1984, Ceftriaxone or cefazolin prophylaxis for the prevention of infection after vaginal hysterectomy, Am J Surg, 148, 22 Hemsell, 1987, Single-dose cephalosporin for prevention of major pelvic infection after vaginal hysterectomy: Cefazolin versus cefoxitin versus cefotoxime, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 156, 1201, 10.1016/0002-9378(87)90144-X Herman, 1986, Cefoxitin versus clindamycin and gentamicin in the treatment of post-cesarean section infections, Obstet Gynecol, 67, 371 Huber, 1972, Preparative methods for 7-aminocephalosporanic acid and 6-aminopenicillanic acid, 27 Landers, 1991, Combination antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 164, 849, 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90528-Y Leveno, 1984, Perioperative antimicrobials at cesarean section: Lavage versus three intravenous doses, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 149, 463, 10.1016/0002-9378(84)90165-0 Livermore, 1987, Mechanisms of resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics, Drugs, 34, 64, 10.2165/00003495-198700342-00007 Lovie, 1982, Cefotaxime, cefazolin, or ampicillin prophylaxis of febrile morbidity in emergency cesarean sections, Clin Ther, 5, 83 Martens, 1989, Cephalosporins, Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am, 16, 291, 10.1016/S0889-8545(21)00158-3 McGregor, 1990, Comparison of single-dose ceftizoxime with multidose cefoxitan chemoprophylaxis for patients undergoing hysterecomy, Clin Ther, 12, 45 Mercer, 1988, A comparison of cefonicid and cefoxitin for preventing infections after vaginal hysterectomy, J Reprod Med, 33, 223 Multicenter Study Group, 1989, Single-dose prophylaxis in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy: Cefamandole versus cefotaxime, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 160, 1198, 10.1016/0002-9378(89)90189-0 New, 1982, Antibacterial activity of desacetyl cefotaxime alone and in combination with cefotaxime, Rev Infect Dis, 4, S374, 10.1093/clinids/4.Supplement_2.S374 New, 1985, Relation of structural properties of beta-lactam antibiotics to antibacterial activity, Am J Med, 79, 3 Ohya, 1983, Effect of 7-alpha substitution of cephams on their beta-lactamase stability and affinity for penicillin binding proteins in Morganella morganii, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 23, 522, 10.1128/AAC.23.4.522 Orr, 1986, Cefotetan versus cefoxitin as prophylaxis in hysterectomy, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 154, 960, 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90498-9 Patel, 1984, Pharmacokinetic profile of ceftriaxone in humans, Am J Med, 77, 17 Peterson, 1990, Cesarean prophylaxis: A comparison of cefamandole and cefazolin by both intravenous and lavage routes, and risk factors associated with endometritis, Obstet Gynecol, 75, 179 Poindexter, 1986, Cefotetan in the treatment of obstetric and gynecologic infections, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 154, 946, 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90495-3 Probst, 1989, (Comparison of one dose of cefazolin versus one dose cefotetan for cesarean section prophylaxis, J Fla Med Assoc, 76, 1027 Saravolatz, 1985, Comparison of intravenous administration with intrauterine irrigation with ceforanide for nonelective cesarean section, Obstet Gynecol, 66, 513 Sattler, 1986, Potential for bleeding with new beta-lactam antibiotics, Ann Intern Med, 105, 924, 10.7326/0003-4819-105-6-924 Saxon, 1987, Immediate hypersensitiity reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics, Ann Intern Med, 107, 204, 10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-204 1989, 1989 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, MMWR, 38, S Soper, 1987, Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy, Obstet Gynecol, 69, 829 Soper, 1988, A comparison of two antibiotic regimens for treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, Obstet Gynecol, 72, 7 Stiver, 1983, Multicenter comparison of cefoxitin versus cefazolin for prevention of infectious morbidity after non-elective cesarean section, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 145, 158, 10.1016/0002-9378(83)90483-0 Sweet, 1988, Multicenter clinical trials comparing cefotetan with moxalactam or cefoxitin as therapy for obstetric and gynecologic infections, Am J Surg, 155, 56, 10.1016/S0002-9610(88)80214-9 Sweet, 1990, Antibiotic prophylaxis, 465 Sweet, 1988, Treatment of hospitalized patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease: Comparison of cefotetan plus doxycycline and cefoxitin plus doxycycline, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 158, 736, 10.1016/S0002-9378(16)44537-0 Wade, 1978, Cephalothin plus an aminoglycoside is more nephrotoxic than methicillin plus an aminoglycoside, Lancet, 2, 604, 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)92825-8 Walters, 1990, A randomized comparison of gentamicin-clindamycin and cefoxitin-doxycycline in the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, Obstet Gynecol, 75, 867 Watts, 1991, Upper genital tract isolates at delivery as predictors of post-cesarean infections among women receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, Obstet Gynecol, 77, 287, 10.1097/00006250-199102000-00026