Estrogen turns down “the AIRE”

Anderson, Aire expands: new roles in immune tolerance and beyond, Nat Rev Immunol

10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.04.004

10.1091/mbc.E14-08-1323

10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04194.x

Staples, 1999, Estrogen receptor alpha is necessary in thymic development and estradiol-induced thymic alterations, J Immunol, 163, 4168, 10.4049/jimmunol.163.8.4168

Olsen, 2001, Androgen receptors in thymic epithelium modulate thymus size and thymocyte development, Endocrinology, 142, 1278, 10.1210/endo.142.3.8032

10.1172/JCI81894

LaFlam, 2002, Identification of a novel cis-regulatory element essential for immune tolerance, J Exp Med, 212, 1993, 10.1084/jem.20151069

10.1002/eji.201545928

10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.135

10.1016/j.molimm.2011.09.022

10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.144

10.1007/978-1-4939-3127-9_22

Oftedal, 1196, Dominant mutations in the autoimmune regulator AIRE are associated with common organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Immunity, 42, 1185, 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.04.021

10.1172/JCI34523

10.1371/journal.pone.0035005

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-3781

Zhu, Sex bias in CNS autoimmune disease mediated by androgen control of autoimmune regulator, Nat Commun

10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.013

10.5152/tpa.2014.2038

10.1126/science.aaa7017

Dumont-Lagacé, 2015, Sex hormones have pervasive effects on thymic epithelial cells, Sci Rep, 5, 10.1038/srep12895