Modulatory role of endogenous androgens on airway smooth muscle tone in isolated guinea-pig and bovine trachea; involvement of β2-adrenoceptors, the polyamine system and external calcium

Beavo, 1970, Effects of xanthine derivatives on lipolysis and on adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity, Mol. Pharmacol., 6, 597 Bilski, 1983, The pharmacology of a beta 2-selective adrenoceptor antagonist (ICI 118,551), J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 5, 430, 10.1097/00005344-198305000-00013 Bordallo, 2001, Increases in ornithine decarboxylase activity in the positive inotropism induced by androgens in isolated left atrium of the rat, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 422, 101, 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01039-1 Cairrao, 2008, Potassium channels are involved in testosterone-induced vasorelaxation of human umbilical artery, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol., 376, 375, 10.1007/s00210-007-0213-3 Caracta, 2003, Gender differences in pulmonary disease, Mt. Sinai J. Med., 70, 215 Card, 2006, Gender differences in murine airway responsiveness and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, J. Immunol., 177, 621, 10.4049/jimmunol.177.1.621 Card, 2007, Male sex hormones promote vagally mediated reflex airway responsiveness to cholinergic stimulation, Am. J. Physiol., Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol., 292, L908, 10.1152/ajplung.00407.2006 Carey, 2007, It's all about sex: gender, lung development and lung disease, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 18, 308, 10.1016/j.tem.2007.08.003 Cevrioglu, 2004, The effects of hormone therapy on pulmonary function tests in postmenopausal women, Maturitas, 49, 221, 10.1016/j.maturitas.2004.01.009 Chou, 1996, Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo, Circulation, 94, 2614, 10.1161/01.CIR.94.10.2614 Cistulli, 1994, Effect of testosterone administration on upper airway collapsibility during sleep, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 149, 530, 10.1164/ajrccm.149.2.8306057 Costarella, 1996, Testosterone causes direct relaxation of rat thoracic aorta, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 277, 34 Crews, 1999, Gender-specific inhibition of Ca2+ entry mechanisms of arterial vasoconstriction by sex hormones, Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 26, 707, 10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03110.x Degano, 2003, Differential effects of low and high-dose estradiol on airway reactivity in ovariectomized rats, Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol., 138, 265, 10.1016/j.resp.2003.08.007 de Marco, 2000, Differences in incidence of reported asthma related to age in men and women. A retrospective analysis of the data of the European Respiratory Health Survey, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 162, 68, 10.1164/ajrccm.162.1.9907008 Fang, 2003, Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor, Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 1338, 10.1021/tx030011g Farrar, 2004, Sex-dependent effects of gonadal steroids and cortisol on cardiac contractility in rainbow trout, J. Exp. Biol., 207, 2083, 10.1242/jeb.00996 Folkerts, 1998, Airway epithelium: more than just a barrier!, Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 19, 334, 10.1016/S0165-6147(98)01232-2 Foster, 1983, Effect of steroids on beta-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of pig bronchus, Br. J. Pharmacol., 78, 441, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb09409.x Gonzalez-Montelongo, 2006, Androgens differentially potentiate mouse intestinal smooth muscle by nongenomic activation of polyamine synthesis and Rho kinase activation, Endocrinology, 147, 5715, 10.1210/en.2006-0780 Greenberg, 1974, Androgen-induced enhancement of vascular reactivity, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 52, 14, 10.1139/y74-003 Hall, 2006, Selective inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels in A7r5 cells by physiological levels of testosterone, Endocrinology, 147, 2675, 10.1210/en.2005-1243 Hartmann, 1995, α1-Adrenoceptor stimulation inhibits the isoproterenol-induced effects on myocardial contractility and protein phosphorylation, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 287, 57, 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00477-8 Hashjin, 1995, Preparation of bovine tracheal smooth muscle for in vitro pharmacological studies, J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 34, 103, 10.1016/1056-8719(95)00043-H Heinlein, 2002, The roles of androgen receptors and androgen-binding proteins in nongenomic androgen actions, Mol. Endocrinol., 16, 2181, 10.1210/me.2002-0070 Herman, 1997, Androgen deprivation is associated with enhanced endothelium-dependent dilatation in adult men, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 17, 2004, 10.1161/01.ATV.17.10.2004 Jones, 2002, Pulmonary vasodilatory action of testosterone: evidence of a calcium antagonistic action, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 39, 814, 10.1097/00005344-200206000-00006 Jones, 2003, The vasodilatory action of testosterone: a potassium-channel opening or a calcium antagonistic action?, Br. J. Pharmacol., 138, 733, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705141 Kouloumenta, 2006, Non-genomic effect of testosterone on airway smooth muscle, Br. J. Pharmacol., 149, 1083, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706936 Kubli-Garfias, 1987, Relaxant action of androgens, progestins and corticosteroids on the isolated ileum of the guinea pig, Acta Physiol. Pharmacol. Latinoam., 37, 357 Lafayette, 2008, Evidence for the participation of calcium in non-genomic relaxations induced by androgenic steroids in rat vas deferens, Br. J. Pharmacol., 153, 1242, 10.1038/bjp.2008.18 Losel, 2002, Nongenomic effects of aldosterone: cellular aspects and clinical implications, Steroids, 67, 493, 10.1016/S0039-128X(01)00176-3 Malkin, 2006, Effect of testosterone on ex vivo vascular reactivity in man, Clin. Sci. (Lond), 111, 265, 10.1042/CS20050354 Metcalf, 1978, Catalytic irreversible inhibition of mammalian ornithine decarboxylase (E.C.4.1.1.17) by substrate and product analogs, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 100, 2551, 10.1021/ja00476a050 Montaño, 2008, Relaxation of androgens on rat thoracic aorta: testosterone concentration dependent agonist/antagonist L-type Ca2+ channel activity, and 5β-dihydrotestosterone restricted to L-type Ca2+ channel antagonism, Endocrinology, 149, 2517, 10.1210/en.2007-1288 Pang, 2002, Inhibition of beta-estradiol on trachea smooth muscle contraction in vitro and in vivo, Acta Pharmacol. Sin., 23, 273 Perusquia, 1990, Non-genomic mechanism of action of delta-4 and 5-reduced androgens and progestins on the contractility of the isolated rat myometrium, Life Sci., 47, 1547, 10.1016/0024-3205(90)90183-R Perusquia, 1996, Role of endothelium in the vasodilating effect of progestins and androgens on the rat thoracic aorta, Gen. Pharmacol., 27, 181, 10.1016/0306-3623(95)00091-7 Perusquia, 1999, Possible role of Ca2+ channels in the vasodilating effect of 5β-dihydrotestosterone in rat aorta, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 371, 169, 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00161-2 Perusquia, 2005, Androgens induce relaxation of contractile activity in pregnant human myometrium at term: a nongenomic action on L-type calcium channels, Biol. Reprod., 73, 214, 10.1095/biolreprod.104.036954 Perusquia, 2007, The modulatory role of androgens and progestins in the induction of vasorelaxation in human umbilical artery, Life Sci., 81, 993, 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.07.024 Quast, 1993, Do the K+ channel openers relax smooth muscle by opening K+ channels?, Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 14, 332, 10.1016/0165-6147(93)90006-6 Rosano, 1999, Acute anti-ischemic effect of testosterone in men with coronary artery disease, Circulation, 99, 1666, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.13.1666 Rubin, 1999, Positive inotropism induced by androgens in isolated left atrium of rat: evidence for a cAMP-dependent transcriptional mechanism, Life Sci., 65, 1035, 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00334-3 Russell, 1986, Tracheal smooth muscle, Clin. Chest Med., 7, 189, 10.1016/S0272-5231(21)00415-9 Sanchez Aparicio, 1993, Effects of androgens on isolated rat uterus, Life Sci., 53, 269, 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90678-V Scragg, 2004, Testosterone is a potent inhibitor of L-type Ca2+ channels, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 318, 503, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.04.054 Scragg, 2007, Molecular requirements for L-type Ca2+ channel blockade by testosterone, Cell Calcium, 42, 11, 10.1016/j.ceca.2006.11.003 Tep-areenan, 2002, Testosterone-induced vasorelaxation in the rat mesenteric arterial bed is mediated predominantly via potassium channels, Br. J. Pharmacol., 135, 735, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704522 Velasco, 2002, Intracellular cAMP increases during the positive inotropism induced by androgens in isolated left atrium of rat, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 438, 45, 10.1016/S0014-2999(02)01300-6 Velasco, 2008, Role of putrescine on androgen-elicited positive inotropism in the left atrium of rats, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 52, 161, 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31818018aa Veldhuis, 1991, The hypothalamic pituitary–testicular axis, 409 Yildiz, 2005, Testosterone relaxes human internal mammary artery in vitro, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 45, 580, 10.1097/01.fjc.0000161400.06704.1e Yue, 1995, Testosterone relaxes rabbit coronary arteries and aorta, Circulation, 91, 1154, 10.1161/01.CIR.91.4.1154