Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Some Scorzonera Species

Yavuz Erden1, Sevda Kırbağ1, Ökkeş Yılmaz1
1Biology Department, Faculty of Science , Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey

Tóm tắt

This study was carried out on the phytochemical composition (such as vitamins and flavonoids), element content and antioxidant activity of the Scorzonera suberosa (C. Koch), S. latifolia (Fisch. & Mey.) and S. laciniata (L.) species. The aerial parts of plant samples were used in the analyses. Species composition of vitamins, flavonoids, resveratrol and sugar were determined by using HPLC. Mineral analysis was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Antioxidant levels were determined by using DPPH free radical. In flavonoid structure of the aerial parts of the related species, different amounts of rutin, myricetin, morin, quercetin and kaempferol together with ergosterol, stigma sterol and β-sitosterol as phytosterols, vitamin D, vitamin K, α-tocopherol and retinol as vitamins, and arabinose, fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose as sugars were found. The mineral analyses was related to the existence of Ca, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Mg with different amounts in all of the three species. However, Cu, Co and Ni were not found. The free radical scavenging effect of the species showed a parallel increase in dose. Consequently, the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant activity of the species used in this study were determined.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Bohm BA, Stuessy TF (2001) Flavonoids of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), 1st edn. Springer, New York Zidorn C, Ellmerer-Muller EP, Stuppner H (2000) Sesquiterpenoids from Scorzonera hispanica L. Pharmazie 55(7):550–551 Sanchir C, Batkhuu J, Komatsu K (2003) Picture handbook of useful plants from Mongolia. KSA Press, Ulaanbaatar Ligaa U, Tsembel D (2002) Medicinal plants from Mongolia used in Mongolian traditional medicine. Mongolia today: science, culture, environment and development. Curzon Press, London Zidorn C, Ellmerer-Muller EP, Stuppner H (2000) Tyrolobibenzyls—novel secondary metabolites from Scorzonera humilis. Helv Chim Acta 83(11):2920–2925 Zidorn C, Spitaler R, Ellmerer-Muller EP, Perry NB, Gerhauser C, Stuppner H (2002) Structure of tyrolobibenzyl D and biological activity of tyrolobibenzyls from Scorzonera humilis. Z Naturforsch C 57(7–8):614–619 Wang YF, Ni ZY, Dong M, Cong B, Shi QW, Gu YC, Kiyota H (2010) Secondary metabolites of plants from the Genus Saussurea: chemistry and biological activity. Chem Biodivers 7(11):2623–2659 Garcia-Closas R, Agudo A, Gonzalez CA, Riboli E (1998) Intake of specific carotenoids and flavonoids and the risk of lung cancer in women in Barcelona, Spain. Nutr Cancer 32(3):154–158 Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Reunanen A, Maatela J (1996) Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: a cohort study. Br Med J 312(7029):478–481 Liu DH, Shi J, Ibarra AC, Kakuda Y, Xue SJ (2008) The scavenging capacity and synergistic effects of lycopene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene mixtures on the DPPH free radical. Lwt-Food Sci Technol 41(7):1344–1349. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2007.08.001 Zu YG, Li CY, Fu YJ, Zhao CJ (2006) Simultaneous determination of catechin, rutin, quercetin kaempferol and isorhamnetin in the extract of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves by RP-HPLC with DAD. J Pharm Biomed 41(3):714–719. doi:DOI 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.04.052 Lopez-Cervantes J, Sanchez-Machado DI, Rios-Vazquez NJ (2006) High-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous quantification of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and cholesterol in shrimp waste hydrolysate. J Chromatogr A 1105(1–2):135–139. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.08.010 Sanchez-Moreno C, Larrauri JA, Saura-Calixto F (1999) Free radical scavenging capacity and inhibition of lipid oxidation of wines, grape juices and related polyphenolic constituents. Food Res Int 32(6):407–412 Chromatography A (2004) A grace company catolog 600. Alltech Associates Inc, U.S Bragança V, Melnikov P, Zanoni L (2011) Trace elements in different brands of yerba mate tea. Biol Trace Elem Res 144(1):1197–1204. doi:10.1007/s12011-011-9056-3 Brandwilliams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C (1995) Use of a free-radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Sci Technol-Leb 28(1):25–30 Öksüz S, Gören N, Ulubelen A (1990) Terpenoids from Scorzonera tomentosa. Fitoterapia 61(1):92–93 Menichini F, Statti G, Delle Monache F (1994) Flavonoid glycosides from Scorzonera columnae. Fitoterapia 65:555–556 Tsevegsuren N, Edrada R, Lin WH, Ebel R, Torre C, Ortlepp S, Wray V, Proksch P (2007) Biologically active natural products from Mongolian medicinal plants Scorzonera divaricata and Scorzonera pseudodivaricata. J Nat Prod 70(6):962–967. doi:10.1021/Np070013r Bryanskii OV, Tolstikhina VV, Zinchenko SV, Semenov AA (1992) A sesquiterpene glucoside from cultivated cells. Khim Prir Soedin 28:640–645 Jiang TF, Wang YH, Lv ZH, Yue ME (2007) Determination of kava lactones and flavonoid glycoside in Scorzonera austriaca by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Pharmaceut Biomed 43(3):854–858. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2006.08.024 Sari A, Zidorn C, Ellmerer EP, Ozgokce F, Ongania KH, Stuppner H (2007) Phenolic compounds from Scorzonera tomentosa L. Helv Chim Acta 90(2):311–317 Wang B, Li GQ, Qiu PJ, Guan HS (2007) Two new olean-type triterpene fatty esters from Scorzonera mongolica. Chin Chem Lett 18(6):708–710. doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2007.04.009 Rees S, Harborne J (1984) Flavonoids and other phenolics of Cichorium and related members of the Lactuceae (compositae). Bot J Linn Soc 89(4):313–319 Tripoli E, La Guardia M, Giammanco S, Di Majo D, Giammanco M (2007) Citrus flavonoids: molecular structure, biological activity and nutritional properties: a review. Food Chem 104(2):466–479. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.11.054 Justesen U (2000) Negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation low-energy collision activation mass spectrometry for the characterisation of flavonoids in extracts of fresh herbs. J Chromatogr A 902(2):369–379 Sokol-Letowska A, Oszmianski J, Wojdylo A (2007) Antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds of hawthorn, pine and skullcap. Food Chem 103(3):853–859. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.036 Formica JV, Regelson W (1995) Review of the biology of Quercetin and related bioflavonoids. Food Chem Toxicol 33(12):1061–1080 Yang CS, Landau JM, Huang MT, Newmark HL (2001) Inhibition of carcinogenesis by dietary polyphenolic compounds. Ann Rev Nutr 21:381–406. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.381 Prior RL (2003) Fruits and vegetables in the prevention of cellular oxidative damage. Am J Clin Nutr 78(3 Suppl):570S–578S Harkati B, Akkal S, Bayat C, Laouer H, Franca MGD (2010) Secondary metabolites from Scorzonera undulata ssp deliciosa (Guss.) Maire (Asteracae) and their antioxidant activities. Rec Nat Prod 4(3):171–175 Franke W (1992) Nutzpflanzenkunde, 5th edn. Georg Thieme, Stuttgart Homma Y, Ikeda I, Ishikawa T, Tateno M, Sugano M, Nakamura H (2003) Decrease in plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein by plant stanol ester-containing spread: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition 19(4):369–374 Mannarino E, Pirro M, Cortese C, Lupattelli G, Siepi D, Mezzetti A, Bertolini S, Parillo M, Fellin R, Pujia A, Averna M, Nicolle C, Notarbartolo A (2009) Effects of a phytosterol-enriched dairy product on lipids, sterols and 8-isoprostane in hypercholesterolemic patients: a multicenter Italian study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis: NMCD 19(2):84–90. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2008.03.012 Rhee SJ, Jeong YC, Choi JH (2005) Effects of vitamin E on phospholipase A2 activity and oxidative damage to the liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ann Nutr Metab 49(6):392–396. doi:10.1159/000088930 Einhorn O, Weiß H, Dieckmann U, Schieck R, Puschmann E, Köter H, Meischak G (1990) Obst und Gemüse (einschließlich Speisekartoffeln und Gewürzpflanzen)—Sortiment, Qualitätsmerkmale, Warenprüfung, Warenpflege, 5th edn. VEB Fachbuch, Leipzig Abdulkadir IE, Aliyu AB, Ibrahim MA, Audu SBD, Oyewale AO (2011) Antioxidant activity and mineral elements profiles of Isoberlinia Doka leaves from Nigeria. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 5(12):2507–2512 Reilly C (2008) The nutritional trace metals. Blackwell, Oxford Papanikolaou G, Pantopoulos K (2005) Iron metabolism and toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 202(2):199–211. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.021 Zarain-Herzberg A, Fragoso-Medina J, Estrada-Aviles R (2011) Calcium-regulated transcriptional pathways in the normal and pathologic heart. IUBMB Life 63(10):847–855. doi:10.1002/Iub.545 Wang Y, Edrada-Ebel R, Tsevegsuren N, Sendker J, Braun M, Wray V, Lin W, Proksch P (2009) Dihydrostilbene derivatives from the Mongolian medicinal plant Scorzonera radiata. J Nat Prod 72(4):671–675. doi:10.1021/np800782f