Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Disease

Rector, 1995, Use of the Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire to ascertain patients’ perspectives on improvement in quality of life versus risk of drug-induced death, J Card Fail, 1, 201, 10.1016/1071-9164(95)90025-X 1999, HFSA guidelines for management of patients with heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction—pharmacologic approaches, J Card Fail, 5, 357, 10.1016/S1071-9164(99)91340-4 1984, Myocardial infarction and morbidity in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS), N Engl J Med, 310, 750, 10.1056/NEJM198403223101204 Packer, 1991, Effect of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure, N Engl J Med, 325, 1468, 10.1056/NEJM199111213252103 1989, Preliminary report, N Engl J Med, 321, 406, 10.1056/NEJM198908103210629 Moss, 2002, Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction, N Engl J Med, 346, 877, 10.1056/NEJMoa013474 1987, Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure, N Engl J Med, 316, 1429, 10.1056/NEJM198706043162301 Packer, 1996, The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure, N Engl J Med, 334, 1349, 10.1056/NEJM199605233342101 1986, Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction, Lancet, 1, 397 1994, Randomized trial of cholesterol lowering in 4,444 patients with coronary heart disease, Lancet, 344, 1383 1991, Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure, N Engl J Med, 325, 293, 10.1056/NEJM199108013250501 1993, Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure, Lancet, 342, 821 2002, Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker versus diuretic, JAMA, 288, 2981, 10.1001/jama.288.23.2981 Chobanian, 2003, Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, 42, 1206, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2 Cohn, 1995, Cardiac failure, J Card Fail, 1, 261, 10.1016/1071-9164(95)90000-4 1997, The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure, N Engl J Med, 336, 525, 10.1056/NEJM199702203360801 Cohn, 1998, A dose-dependent increase in mortality with vesnarinone among patients with severe heart failure, N Engl J Med, 339, 1810, 10.1056/NEJM199812173392503 Cintron, 1993, Prognostic significance of serial changes in left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with congestive heart failure, Circulation, 87, VI17 Metra, 2003, Marked improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction during long-term beta-blockade in patients with chronic heart failure, Am Heart J, 145, 292, 10.1067/mhj.2003.105 Konstam, 2003, Ventricular remodeling in heart failure, J Card Fail, 9, 350, 10.1054/j.cardfail.2003.09.001 Wong, 2004, Severity of left ventricular remodeling defines outcomes and response to therapy in heart failure, J Am Coll Cardiol, 43, 2022, 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.053 Cohn, 2005, Fixed-dose combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine inhibits left ventricular remodeling in non-treated severe heart failure in African-Americans, Circulation, 112, II642 Latini, 2002, Effects of valsartan on circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in symptomatic chronic heart failure, Circulation, 106, 2454, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000036747.68104.AC Cohn, 2004, Introduction to surrogate markers, Circulation, 109, IV20 Cohn, 2003, Screening for early detection of cardiovascular disease in symptomatic individuals, Am Heart J, 146, 679, 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00499-X D’Agostino, 2001, Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores, JAMA, 286, 180, 10.1001/jama.286.2.180 Franciosa, 2002, African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT), J Card Fail, 8, 128, 10.1054/jcaf.2002.124730 Taylor, 2004, Combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine in blacks with heart failure, N Engl J Med, 351, 2049, 10.1056/NEJMoa042934