Suction stress characteristics in granite red soils and their relationship with the collapsing gully in south China

Abad, 2016, Characteristics of weathering zones of granitic rocks in Malaysia for geotechnical engineering design, Eng. Geol., 200, 94, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.12.006 Arvidsson, 2007, Soil stress as affected by wheel load and tire inflation pressure, Soil Tillage Res., 96, 284, 10.1016/j.still.2007.06.012 Bacellar, 2005, Controlling factors of gullying in the Maracujá catchment, southeastern Brazil, Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 30, 1369, 10.1002/esp.1193 Balabane, 1992, Input of fertilizer-derived labelled to soil organic matter during a growing season of maize in the field, Soil Biol. Biochem., 24, 89, 10.1016/0038-0717(92)90263-W Bareither, 2008, Geologicaland physical factors affecting the friction angle of compacted sands, J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 134, 1476, 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:10(1476) Begonha, 2002, Weathering of the oporto granite: geotechnical and physical properties, Catena, 49, 57, 10.1016/S0341-8162(02)00016-4 Bogner, 2014, Quantifying the morphology of flow patterns in landslide-affected and unaffected soils, J. Hydrol., 511, 460, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.063 Chen, 2007, Effects of soil water content and soil sodicity on soil shearing strength, Trans. CSAE, 23, 21 Chen, 2018, Comparison of soil physicochemical properties and mineralogical compositions between noncollapsible soils and collapsed gullies, Geoderma, 317, 56, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.12.006 Chen, 2018, Estimation of bare soil evaporation for different depths of water table in the wind-blown sand area of the Ordos basin, China, Hydrogeol. J., 4, 1 ÇokÇa, 2010, Shear strength-suction relationship of compacted Ankara clay, Appl. Clay Sci., 49, 400, 10.1016/j.clay.2009.08.028 Deng, 2016, Effects of land uses on soil physic-chemical properties and erodibility in collapsing-gully alluvial fan of Anxi County, China, J. Integr. Agric., 15, 1863, 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61223-0 Deng, 2017, Soil Atterberg limits of different weathering profiles of the collapsing gullies in the hilly granitic region of southern China, Solid Earth, 8, 499, 10.5194/se-8-499-2017 Duan, 2018, Variation in soil saturated hydraulic conductivity along the hillslope of collapsing granite gullies, Hydrol. Sci. J., 63, 803, 10.1080/02626667.2018.1453610 Fan, 2015, Effects of hydromechanical loading history and antecedent soil mechanical damage on shallow landslide triggering, J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf., 120, 1990, 10.1002/2015JF003615 Feng, 2009, Investigation on the present situation of collapsing gully in the south of China, 40, 66 Fiorillo, 2003, Geological features and landslide mechanisms of an unstable coastal slope (Petacciato, Italy), Eng. Geol., 67, 255, 10.1016/S0013-7952(02)00184-9 Fredlund, 1993 Gao, 2011, A degradation threshold for irreversible loss of soil productivity: a long-term case study in China, J. Appl. Ecol., 48, 1145, 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02011.x Gee, 1986, Particle size analysis, 9 Greco, 2015, A novel equation for determining the suction stress of unsaturated soils from the water retention curve based on wetted surface area in pores, Water Resour. Res., 51, 6143, 10.1002/2014WR016541 Gwak, 2017, Factors affecting soil moisture spatial variability for a humid forest hillslope, Hydrol. Process., 31, 431, 10.1002/hyp.11039 Hossain, 2010, Shear strength and dilative characteristics of an unsaturated compacted completely decomposed granite soil, Can. Geotech. J., 47, 1112, 10.1139/T10-015 Hoyos, 2014, Residual shear strength of unsaturated soils via suction-controlled ring shear testing, Eng. Geol., 172, 1, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.01.001 Huang, 2014, Adsorption characteristics of Cu and Zn onto various size fractions of aggregates from red paddy soil, J. Hazard. Mater., 264, 176, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.10.074 Igwe, 2012, The effect of relative density and confining stress on shear properties of sands with varying grading, Geotech. Geol. Eng., 30, 1207, 10.1007/s10706-012-9533-2 Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Science (ISSCAS), 1981 Jiang, 2014, Effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on steep colluvial deposit erosion in southeast China, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 78, 1741, 10.2136/sssaj2014.04.0132 Jiang, 2018, Rill erosion processes on a steep colluvial deposit slope under heavy rainfall in flume experiments with artificial rain, Catena, 169, 46, 10.1016/j.catena.2018.05.023 Johnson, 1987, Shear measurement for agricultural soils: a review, Trans. ASAE, 30, 935, 10.13031/2013.30502 Khalili, 2004, Effective stress in unsaturated soils: Review with new evidence, Int. J. Geomech., 4, 115, 10.1061/(ASCE)1532-3641(2004)4:2(115) Klute, 1986, Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity: laboratory methods, 687 Koolen, 1983, Agricultural soil mechanics, vol. 13, 10.1007/978-3-642-69010-5 Lan, 2003, Engineering and geological characteristics of granite weathering profiles in South China, J. Asia Earth Sci., 21, 353, 10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00020-2 Lee, 2005, Effect of stress state on the unsaturated shear strength of a weathered granite, Can. Geotech. J., 42, 624, 10.1139/t04-091 Lehmann, 2012, Hydromechanical triggering of landslides: from progressive local failures to mass release, Water Resour. Res., 48, 182, 10.1029/2011WR010947 Li, 1997 Liang, 2009, Characteristics and treatment of collapsing gully in red soil region of southern China, Soil Water Conserv. China, 1, 31 Lin, 2015, Assessing the sources of sediment transported in gully systems using a fingerprinting approach: an example from South-east China, Catena, 129, 9, 10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.012 Liu, 2018, Benggang erosion landform and research progress in a global perspective, Prog. Geogr., 37, 342 Liu, 2018, Characteristics of slope runoff and soil water content in Benggang, colluvium under simulated rainfall, J. Soils Sediments, 18, 39, 10.1007/s11368-017-1742-0 Lu, 2013, A drying cake method for measuring suction-stress characteristic curve, soil-water-retention curve, and hydraulic conductivity function, Geotech. Test. J., 36, 1, 10.1520/GTJ20120097 Lu, 2004 Lu, 2006, Suction stress characteristic curve for unsaturated soil, J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 132, 131, 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:2(131) Lu, 2010, A closed-form equation for effective stress in unsaturated soil, Water Resour. Res., 46, 567, 10.1029/2009WR008646 Luk, 1997, Water and sediment yield from a small catchment in the hilly granitic region, South China, Catena, 29, 177, 10.1016/S0341-8162(96)00054-9 Luk, 1997, Environmental analysis of soil erosion in Guangdong Province: a Deqing case study, Catena, 29, 97, 10.1016/S0341-8162(96)00049-5 Mukai, 2017, Gully erosion rates and analysis of determining factors: a case study from the Semi-arid Main Ethiopian rift valley, Land Degrad. Dev., 28, 602, 10.1002/ldr.2532 Nadal-Romero, 2016, Integrating extensive livestock and soil conservation policies in mediterranean mountain areas for recovery of abandoned lands in the Central Spanish Pyrenees. A long-term research assessment, Land Degrad. Dev. Nelson, 1982, Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter Niu, 2000, Analysis of the distribution and environmental surroundings of collapsing gullies of red soil in south of China, Acta Agric. Univ. Jiangxiensis, 1, 29 Pang, 2006, Micromorphological features of old cultivated and modern soils in Guanzhong areas, Shanxi province, China, J. Integr. Agric., 5, 691 Pirone, 2014, Evaluation of the hydraulic hysteresis of unsaturated pyroclastic soils by in situ measurements, Procedia Earth Planet. Sci., 9, 163, 10.1016/j.proeps.2014.06.014 Rahmati, 2017, Evaluating the influence of geo-environmental factors on gully erosion in a semi-arid region of Iran: an integrated framework, Sci. Total Environ., 579, 913, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.176 Rhoades, 1982, Cation exchange capacity, 149 Rücknagel, 2012, A simple model to estimate change in precompression stress as a function of water content on the basis of precompression stress at field capacity, Geoderma, s 177–178, 1, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.035 Scarciglia, 2005, Weathering and pedogenesis in the Sila Grande Massif (Calabria, South Italy): from field scale to micromorphology, Catena, 61, 1, 10.1016/j.catena.2005.02.001 Scarciglia, 2016, Weathering profiles in granitoid rocks of the Sila massif uplands, Calabria, southern Italy: new insights into their formation processes and rates, Sediment. Geol., 336, 46, 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.01.015 Schnellmann, 2013, Unsaturated shear strength of a silty sand, Eng. Geol., 162, 88, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.05.011 Sheng, 1997, Erosion control in south China, Catena, 29, 211, 10.1016/S0341-8162(96)00057-4 Shi, 2012, Soil erosion processes and sediment sorting associated with transport mechanisms on steep slopes, J. Hydrol., 3, 123, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.06.004 Song, 2016, A method for evaluating the stability of an unsaturated slope in natural terrain during rainfall, Eng. Geol., 210, 84, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.06.007 Tao, 2017, Preferential flows and soil moistures on a Benggang slope: determined by the water and temperature co-monitoring, J. Hydrol., 553, 678, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.08.029 Tarantino, 2013, Making unsaturated soil mechanics accessible for engineers: preliminary hydraulic–mechanical characterisation & stability assessment, Eng. Geol., 165, 89, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.05.025 van Genuchten, 1980, A closed form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 44, 892, 10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400050002x van Genuchten, 1991 Wakatsuki, 2005, Soil slips on weathering-limited slopes underlain by coarse-grained granite or fine-grained gneiss near Seoul, Republic of Korea, Catena, 60, 181, 10.1016/j.catena.2004.11.003 Wells, 1991, Patterns of development of lavaka, Madagascar's unusual gullies, Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 16, 189, 10.1002/esp.3290160302 Wu, 2005, Monitoring of gully erosion on the Loess Plateau of China using a global positioning system, Catena, 63, 154, 10.1016/j.catena.2005.06.002 Wu, 2000, Relationship between slope disintegration and rock-soil characteristics of granite weathering mantle in South China, J. Soil Water Conserv., 14, 31 Wu, 2017, Effects of soil physicochemical properties on aggregate stability along a weathering gradient, Catena, 156, 205, 10.1016/j.catena.2017.04.017 Wu, 2018, Rusle erodibility of heavy-textured soils as affected by soil type, erosional degradation, and rainfall intensity: a field simulation, Land Degrad. Dev., 10.1002/ldr.2864 Xia, 2015, Fractal features of soil particle-size distribution of different weathering profiles of the collapsing gullies in the hilly granitic region, South China, Nat. Hazards, 79, 455, 10.1007/s11069-015-1852-1 Xu, 1996, Benggang erosion: the influencing factors, Catena, 27, 249, 10.1016/0341-8162(96)00014-8 Zhang, 2010, The practice and prospect of hill collapsing improving and development in southern China, China Water Resour., 4, 17 Zhang, 2012, Effects of drying and wetting on nonlinear decay of soil shear strength in slope disintegration erosion area, Trans. CSAE, 28, 241 Zhang, 2013, Temporal changes in shrinkage behavior of two paddy soils under alternative flooding and drying cycles and its consequence on percolation, Geoderma, 192, 12, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.08.009 Zhong, 2013, Using an ecological economics approach to support the restoration of collapsing gullies in southern China, Land Use Policy, 32, 119, 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.10.005