Hierarchies of Categorical Disadvantage: Economic Insecurity at the Intersection of Disability, Gender, and Race

Gender and Society - Tập 33 Số 1 - Trang 64-93 - 2019
Michelle Maroto1, David Pettinicchio2, Andrew C. Patterson3
1University of Alberta, Canada
2University of Toronto, Canada
3MacEwan University, Canada

Tóm tắt

Intersectional feminist scholars emphasize how overlapping systems of oppression structure gender inequality, but in focusing on the gendered, classed, and racialized bases of stratification, many often overlook disability as an important social category in determining economic outcomes. This is a significant omission given that disability severely limits opportunities and contributes to cumulative disadvantage. We draw from feminist disability and intersectional theories to account for how disability intersects with gender, race, and education to produce economic insecurity. The findings from our analyses of 2015 American Community Survey data provide strong empirical support for hierarchies of disadvantage, where women and racial minority groups with disabilities and less education experience the highest poverty levels, report the lowest total income, and have a greater reliance on sources outside the labor market for economic security. By taking disability into account, our study demonstrates how these multiple characteristics lead to overlapping oppressions that become embedded and reproduced within the larger social structure.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1086/322836

10.1177/0891243206289499

10.4135/9781412976251.n4

10.7591/9780801459948

10.1108/S1479-3547(2013)0000007003

10.1080/09687599926136

10.1111/j.1540-5893.2011.00463.x

10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.307

Blanck Peter, 2007, Law and Inequality, 25

10.1002/pam.20323

10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30571-8

Boursiquot Bernice L., 2013, Disability characteristics of income-based government assistance recipients in the United States: 2011

10.1007/s11199-008-9400-z

10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100016

10.18061/dsq.v30i3/4.1273

10.1086/669608

10.1111/j.1467-9558.2010.01370.x

Collins Patricia H., 1990, Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment

10.1108/S1479-3547(2013)0000007004

10.2307/1229039

Davis Lennard J., 2011, The Chronicle of Higher Education, 25, 38

10.1177/1464700108086364

10.1080/0968759032000127317

10.1146/annurev.soc.32.061604.123127

Doren Bonnie, 2001, Double jeopardy: Addressing gender equity in special education

Erickson William, 2018, 2016 disability status report: United States

10.2307/2096301

Garland-Thomson Rosemarie, 1994, Feminist Studies, 20, 583

10.2979/NWS.2002.14.3.1

10.1086/423352

10.1086/495558

10.5749/minnesota/9780816682973.001.0001

10.1080/713662032

10.1353/sof.0.0008

Hacker Jacob S., 2006, The great risk shift: The new economic insecurity and the decline of the American dream

10.1111/roiw.12053

Hall Kim Q., 2011, Feminist disability studies

Hernández Tanya, 2006, Handbook of employment discrimination research: Rights and realities

10.1017/S1743923X12000384

10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102503

10.2307/591447

Johnson William G., 1985, Journal of Human Resources, 20

10.1108/01443580810903554

10.1080/00036840802600053

10.1111/j.1475-4932.2010.00659.x

Kafer Allison, 2013, Feminist, queer, crip

10.1016/j.dhjo.2014.08.008

10.1093/geronb/59.1.S34

Kotkin Minna J., 2008, William and Mary Law Review, 50, 1439

10.1111/1468-232X.00275

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017828

10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134627

Linton Simi, 1998, Claiming disability: Knowledge and identity

10.1080/09687599826588

Livermore Gina, 2011, Disability data in national surveys

10.2307/1937862

10.1086/669570

Marchiondo Lisa, 2015, The Oxford handbook of workplace discrimination

10.1016/j.rssm.2014.08.002

10.1111/lapo.12024

10.18061/dsq.v35i3.4927

10.1057/978-1-137-48769-8_6

McCall Leslie, 2001, Complex inequality: Gender, class, and race in the new economy

10.1086/426800

10.1111/j.1533-8525.2010.01197.x

10.1108/17570981211286796

10.1192/apt.9.3.166

Oliver Mike, 1998, Social policy and disabled people: From exclusion to inclusion

10.1111/roiw.12114

10.1086/598755

10.1111/j.1751-9020.2012.00465.x

10.1108/S0163-786X(2013)0000036006

Pettinicchio David, 2017, On the cross road of polity, political elites and mobilization, vol. 24 of Research in political sociology

10.1108/S1479-354720170000010003

10.18061/dsq.v33i1.3424

Quadagno Jill S., 1994, The color of welfare: How racism undermined the war on poverty, 10.1093/oso/9780195079197.001.0001

10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02087.x

10.2307/20459006

Ruggles Steven, 2017, Integrated public use microdata series: Version 7.0

Schur Lisa A., 2004, Gendering disability

Schwochau Susan, 2000, Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, 21, 271

Seefeldt Kristin S., 2016, Abandoned families: Social isolation in the twenty-first century

Shakespeare Tom, 1996, Exploring the divide: Illness and disability

10.1177/0034355211431167

10.1111/j.1540-6237.2007.00513.x

Sherry Mark, 2014, Disability, human rights and the limits of humanitarianism

10.1177/0730888413481030

10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110534

10.1177/0164027507311151

Shuey Kim M., 2017, The Journals of Gerontology: Series B gbx096, 1

10.1177/1097184X12439879

Skrentny John D., 2002, The minority rights revolution, 10.4159/9780674043732

10.1177/0002716215596959

10.1108/S1479-3547(2013)0000007005

10.1057/9780230592407_1

10.1023/A:1005650428230

10.18061/dsq.v33i4.3877

10.1177/108835760201700101

10.1177/0034355211403008

10.1080/09687599926217

10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.02.034

10.1007/BF02693280

10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145434

10.1080/19315864.2017.1408724

10.1525/sp.2003.50.1.87

10.1353/sof.2002.0036

10.1177/0022146516660345

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Gender and Society

Tập 33 Số 1

64-93

Thông tin tác giả