Clean artisanal gold mining: a utopian approach?

International Labour Office (ILO), 1999, Social and labour issues in small-scale mines, Report for the Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small-scale Mines, Geneva 17-22 May, 1999. Pfeiffer, 1991, Mercury in the Madeira river ecosystem, Rondônia, Brazil, Forest Ecology and Management, 38, 239, 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90145-L Veiga MM. 1997. Introducing new technologies for abatement of global mercury pollution in Latin America. Ed. UNIDO/UBC/CETEM, Rio de Janeiro, 94 p. Moffet, 1999, Non-regulatory environmental measures Priester M. 1995. Small-Scale Mining in Latin America. SMI Bull. n.8, p.1. Barry M. 1996. Regularizing Informal Mining: A Summary of the Proceedings of the International Roundtable on Artisanal Mining, IEN Occasional Paper, No. 6. Bugnosen E. 1997. Technological Options in Abating Mercury Pollution Caused by Small Scale Gold Miners, In Introducing New Technologies Technologies for Abatement of Global Mercury Pollution Derived From Artisanal Gold Mining, UNIDO Headquarters, Vienna, Austria, July, 1997. Priester, 1993 Veiga MM, Hinton JJ. 2002. Abandoned Artisanal Gold Mines in the Brazilian Amazon: A Legacy of Mercury Pollution, Natural Resources Forum, JNRF: 26:1, February 2002. Hollaway J. The Button Gold Mine, Zimbabwe, In: Small-scale gold mining: Examples from Bolivia, Philippines & Zimbabwe, International Labour Organization (ILO), www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/goldmine. 1998. Centro de Tecnologia Mineral (CETEM). 1989. Poconé Project, Annual Report, Rio de Janiero, Brazil (In Portuguese). Hrushka F, Medina G. Peru: Integrated Environmental Management of Small Scale Mining (GAMA), Book of Abstracts from the 6th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant, Minimata, Japan, October, 2001, p. 195. Lins FF, Monte MM, Hamelmann CR, Middea A. Amalgamation in Small Gold Operations: Alternatives and Treatment of Hg-Contaminated Soils and Effluents. Proceedings International Symposium on Extraction and Processing for the Treatment and Minimization of Wastes, 123rd Congress of TMS, The Mineral, Metals and Materials Society, S. Francisco, CA, USA Feb. 27-Mar. 3, 1994. UNIDO. Expert Group Meeting on UNIDO High Impact Programme Introducing New Technologies for Abatement of Global Mercury Pollution Derived From Artisanal Gold Mining, UNIDO Headquarters, Vienna, Austria, July, 1997. McCracken D. Gold Mining in the 1990s: The Complete Book of Modern Gold Mining Procedures, Keene Engineering Company, Inc., 1995. pp. 296. Ericsson, 1996, Women in Small Scale Mining in Namibia, CRS Perspectives, 52, 18 Souza VP. Tailing Decontamination by Electrolytic Process. In: Poconé, um Campo de Estudos do Impacto Ambiental do Garimpo, p.95-113. Ed. M.M. Veiga e F.C.R. Fernandes. Rio de Janeiro, 1991 CETEM/CNPq. (in Portuguese). Sobral LGS, Santos RLC, Hempel M, Thöming J. The Electroleaching of Residues Containing Mercury. Part I: Kinetics Aspects. Paper presented at Clean Technology for the Mining Industry, Univ. Concepción, 1996. Chile. Envi-Tech. Field Testing of Envi-Tech Adsorbent Technology for Gold Extraction of Gold. Project Summary. Leaflet of the presentation at CANMET, Ottawa, March 7, 1997. Haupt CD, Mistry M, Wilde J. 2001. Development of Measures to Minimize Adverse Ecological Effects Generated by Abandoned Mines in Developing Countries, Institut Für Bergbaukunde I, Aachen, Germany, p. 160. OGSI, Oxygen Generating Systems Inc. 2001. www.ogsi.com/library/mining.pdf, Mining Application Note. Vaca GA. Gold Mining in Ecuador and its Impacts. In: Proceedings 2nd International Conference on Environmental Issues and Waste Management in Energy and Minerals Production. v.2, Ed. R.K. Singhal et al., Calgary, Alberta, 1-4 Sept. 1992, p. 969-984. (in Spanish). INGEOMINAS-Inst. Investigaciones en Geociéncias, Mineria and Química, Min. Mines and Energy, 1995. Colombia, a Gold Mine. 25 p. (in Spanish). Susapu B. Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea. Paper presented at MMSD (Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project). November 19-20, 2001, London, UK. p. 5. Gunson AJ, Veiga MM. Mercury and Artisanal Gold Mines in China, Book of Abstracts from the 6th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant, Minimata, Japan, October, 2001, p. 197. Wenqian, 1983, Methods for recovering fine placer gold, CIM — Canadian Inst. Mining and Metallurgy Bulletin, 76, 47 Veiga MM, Fernandes FRC. Aspectos Gerais do Projeto Poconé.In: Poconé, um Campo de Estudos do Impacto Ambiental do Garimpo, p.1-25. Ed. M.M. Veiga e F.C.R. Fernandes. Rio de Janeiro, CETEM/CNPq 1991. (in Portuguese). Taggart, 1945 Hentschel T, Roque D, Taucer E. 1998. Small Scale Gold Mining at San Simón, Bolivia, In: Small-scale gold mining: Examples from Bolivia, Philippines & Zimbabwe, International Labour Organization (ILO), www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/goldmine. Corponariño, Cooporación Autonoma Regional para el Desarrollo de Nariño. Evaluation of Social and Environmental Consequences of Mining with Excavators in Department of Nariño. Convenium Canada-Colombia, Fidufes-Corponariño. Doc. prepared by INCOAMPRO 1995. (in Spanish). Farid LH, Machado JEB, Silva OA. Emission Control and Mercury Recovery from Garimpo Tailing. In: Poconé: Um Campo de Estudos do Impacto Ambiental do Garimpo, p. 27-44, M.M.Veiga, F.R.C. Fernandes (eds), CETEM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 1991. (in Portuguese). Veiga, 1995, Educational measures to address Hg pollution from gold mining activities in the Amazon, Ambio, 24, 216 Basque, 1991 Pantoja F, Alvarez R. Techniques to Reduce Mercury Emissions in Gold Mining in Latin America, Book of Abstracts from the 6th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant, Minimata, Japan, October, 2001, p. 215. Malm, 1990, Mercury pollution due to gold mining in the Madeira River Basin, Brazil, Ambio, 19, 11 Walle M, Jennings N. Safety and Health in Small-scale Surface Mines: A Handbook, International Labour Office (ILO) Working Paper 168, ILO Publications, Geneva, Switzerland 2001, p. 48. Hinton JJ, Veiga MM. Earthworms as bioindicators of mercury pollution from mining and other industrial activities, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment and Analysis, 2002, in press. UNDP. Artisanal Mining for Sustainable Livelihoods, www.undp.org/sl/Documents/General%20info/Artisinal_mining/artisinal_mining.htm, November 3, 1999. Lodgson MJ, Hagelston K, Mudder TI. The Management of Cyanide in Gold Extraction, International Council on Metals and the Environment, Ottawa, Ont., April, 1999, p. 40. Hollaway J. Environmental Management Systems for Small Scale Gold Mines, In: Introducing New Technologies for Abatement of Global Mercury Pollution Derived From Artisanal Gold Mining, UNIDO Headquarters, Vienna, Austria, July, 1997. Hentschel T, Hrushka F, Priester M. Draft Global Report on Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining, Working Paper for Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development, November, 2001, pp. 59. Farias RA, Hacon S, Caires SM, Rossi AP, Campos R, Argento R, et al. Evaluation of Contamination by Mercury in Fish Farming in Garimpo Mining Area in the Northern Region of Mato Grosso, Brazil, Book of Abstract from the 6th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant, Minimata, Japan, October, 2001, p. 214. Veiga MM, Beinhoff C. “UNECA Centers, a Way to Reduce Mercury Emissions from Artisanal Gold Mining and Provide Badly Needed Training”. UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)—Industry and Environment, Oct-Dec. 1997, v. 20, n.4, p.49-51. Mugova A. The Shamva Mining Center Project, Paper presented at MMSD (Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project.). November 19-20, 2001, London, UK. p. 6. Healy C, Veiga MM. The Foundation for Experimental Mining, Appendix in UNIDO Special Report on Artisanal Gold Mining Activities in Suriname, December, 1997. Veiga AT, Veiga MM. A Proposal for Rehabilitation of Degraded “Garimpo” Areas in the Amazon. Proc. of Iberoamerican Workshop on Mine-closure. 9 p. CD ROM. CYTED. La Rabida, Spain, Sept. 25-29, 2000. (in Portuguese). Bugnosen, 2000, Small-scale mining legislation and regulatory frameworks, UNEP, Industry and the Environment,(Special Issue), 23, 50 Bugnosen E. The Kias Gold Mine, Philippines, In: Small-scale gold mining: Examples from Bolivia, Philippines & Zimbabwe, International Labour Organization (ILO), 1998, www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/goldmine. Dahlberg H. The Transformation from Artisanal to Small Scale Gold Mining: An Outline for Sustainable Development, In Introducing New Technologies for Abatement of Global Mercury Pollution Derived From Artisanal Gold Mining, UNIDO Headquarters, Vienna, Austria, July, 1997. Davidson J. Enabling Conditions for the Orderly Development of Artisanal Mining with special reference to experiences in Latin America, International Roundtable on Artisanal Mining, Washington, D.C., May 17-19, 1995. DESA, The UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Poverty Eradication and Sustainable Livelihood, DESA News, Volume 4, Issue 2, April-May 2000, www.un.org/esa/desa42.htm. Labonne B, Gilman J. Towards Building Sustainable Livelihoods in Artisanal Mining Communities, Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small Scale Mines, Geneva, Switzerland, 17-21 May, 1999. Keita S. The Contribution of Sadiola Gold Mining Project to Poverty Reduction and the Development of Local Mining Communities, Paper presented at MMSD (Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project.). November 19-20, 2001, London, UK. p. 6. Davidson J. The Transformation and Successful Development of Small-scale Mining Enterprises in Developing Countries, United Nations Interregional Seminar on Guidelines for the Development of Small/Medium Scale Mining, Harare, Zimbabwe, 15-19 February 1993. Veiga, 2001, Mining with communities, Natural Resources Forum, 25, 192, 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2001.tb00761.x