Natural Health Product Use in Canada
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Health Canada. Office of Natural Health Products: Frequently Asked Questions. Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpb/onhp/faq2_e.html. Site Accessed: February, 2001.
Balluz LS, Kieszak SM, Philen RM, Mulinare J. Vitamin and mineral supplement use in the United States: Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Fam Med 2000;9:258–62.
Dickinson VA, Block G, Russek-Cohen E. Supplement use, other dietary and demographic variables and serum vitamin C in NHANESII. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:22–32.
United States Department of Agriculture. Continuing survey of food intakes by individuals: Table 28-Vitamin and mineral supplements: Percentages of individuals using and type, by sex and age, 1994–1996. Available at: http://www.barc.usda.gov/bhnrc/foodsurvey/pdf/ supp.pdf Site Accessed: April, 2002.
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Sandler RS, Halabi S, Kaplan EB, Baron JA, Paskett E, Petrelli NJ. Use of vitamins, minerals and nutritional supplements by participants in a chemoprevention trial. Cancer 2001;91:1040–45.
Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin and Choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.
Herb sales up 101% in mainstream market. HerbalGram 1998;43:61.
Blumenthal M. Herb Market Levels After Five years of Boom: 1999 Sales in Mainstream Market up Only 11% in First Half of 1999 After 55% Increase in 1998. HerbalGram 1999;47:64–65.
Gallo M, Sarkar M, Au W, Pietrak K, Comas B, Smith M, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to echinacea: A prospective controlled study. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3141–43.
Troppmann LA, Gray-Donald K, Johns T. Supplement use: Is there any nutritional benefit? J Am Diet Assoc 2002;102:818–25.
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Frank E, Bendich A, Denniston M. Use of vitamin-mineral supplements by female physicians in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:969–75.
Patterson RE, Neuhouser ML, White E, Kristal AR, Potter JD. Measurement error from assessing use of vitamin supplements at one point in time. Epidemiology 1998;9:567–69.
Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Fuchs C, Rosner BA, et al. Multivitamin use, folate and colon cancer in women in Nurses’ Health Study. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:517–24.
Medeiros DM, Bock MA, Carpenter K, Ortiz M, Raab C, Read M, et al. Long-term supplement users and dosages among adult westerners. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;980–82.
Top ten herb sales in selected health food stores. Whole Foods Magazine 1995.
Top selling herbs supplements in mass market–1997. HerbalGram 1998;42:65.
Richman A, Wright JD. Echinacea #1 in natural food trade. HerbalGram 1997;41:53.
Searle GF. Stigma and depression: A double whammy. Int J Clin Pract 1999;53:473–75.
Stoehr GP, Ganguli M, Seaberg EC, Echement DA, Belle S. Over-the-counter medication use in an older rural community: The MoVIES project. J Am Geriatric Society 1997;45:158–65.
Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation: Separating fact from hype. The Physician and Sports Medicine 1999;27(5):47–61.
Radimer KL, Subar AF, Thompson FE. Nonvitamin, nonmineral dietary supplements: Issues and findings from NHANESIII. J Am Diet Assoc 2000;100:447–54.
Brevoort P. Top Selling Herbs in U.S. Commerce. East Earth Herb Inc. 1994.
Reader’s Digest. The Healing Power of Vitamins, Minerals and Herbs. Montreal, Canada: Books and Home Entertainment, 1999.
Lininger SW, Gaby AR, Austin S, Brown DJ, Wright JV, Duncan A. The Natural Pharmacy. United States: Prima Publishing, 1999.
Tarasuk VS, Beaton GH. Women’s dietary intakes in the context of household food insecurity. J Nutr 1999;129:672–79.
MacQueen K. The best of both worlds: British Columbia aids the merger of traditional Chinese practice with western medicine. Maclean’s 2001;44–47.
Cupp MJ. Herbal remedies: Adverse effects and drug interactions. Am Fam Phys 1999;59:1239–44.
Food and Nutrition Board Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
Haller CA, Benowitz NL. Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1833–38.
Health Canada. Advisory not to use products containing Ephedra or ephedrine. Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/archives/warnings/2001/2001_67e.htm. Site Accessed: July, 2001.
Nightingale SL. New safety measures are proposed for dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids. JAMA 1997;278:15.
Theoharides TC. Sudden death of a healthy college student related to ephedrine toxicity from a Ma Huang-containing drink. J Clin Psychopharmacology 1997;17:437–39.
White LM, Gardner SF, Gurley BJ, Marx MA, Wang P-L, Estes M. Pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular effects of Ma-Huang (Ephedra sinica) in normotensive adults. J Clin Pharmacol 1997;37:116–22.