Noncoding RNAs: key molecules in understanding and treating pain

Aboobaker, 2005, Drosophila microRNAs exhibit diverse spatial expression patterns during embryonic development, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 102, 18017, 10.1073/pnas.0508823102 Hengst, 2006, Functional and selective RNA interference in developing axons and growth cones, J. Neurosci., 26, 5727, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5229-05.2006 Johnston, 2005, MicroRNAs acting in a double-negative feedback loop to control a neuronal cell fate decision, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 102, 12449, 10.1073/pnas.0505530102 Schratt, 2006, A brain-specific microRNA regulates dendritic spine development, Nature, 439, 283, 10.1038/nature04367 Zhiguo Wang, 2010 Murray, 2012, An overview of microRNA methods: expression profiling and target identification, 119 Kynast, 2013, Novel findings in pain processing pathways: implications for miRNAs as future therapeutic targets, Exp. Rev. Neurother., 13, 515, 10.1586/ern.13.34 Niederberger, 2011, MicroRNAs as new players in the pain game, Pain, 152, 1455, 10.1016/j.pain.2011.01.042 Bali, 2013, Genome-wide identification and functional analyses of microRNA signatures associated with cancer pain, EMBO Mol. Med., 5, 1740, 10.1002/emmm.201302797 Aldrich, 2009, Changes in expression of sensory organ-specific microRNAs in rat dorsal root ganglia in association with mechanical hypersensitivity induced by spinal nerve ligation, Neuroscience, 164, 711, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.033 Kloosterman, 2006, In situ detection of miRNAs in animal embryos using LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes, Nat. Methods, 3, 27, 10.1038/nmeth843 Weston, 2006, MicroRNA gene expression in the mouse inner ear, Brain Res., 1111, 95, 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.006 Xu, 2007, MicroRNA (miRNA) transcriptome of mouse retina and identification of a sensory organ-specific miRNA cluster, J. Biol. Chem., 282, 25053, 10.1074/jbc.M700501200 Wienholds, 2005, MicroRNA function in animal development, FEBS Lett., 579, 5911, 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.07.070 Lin, 2014, Intrathecal miR-183 delivery suppresses mechanical allodynia in mononeuropathic rats, Eur. J. Neurosci., 39, 1682, 10.1111/ejn.12522 Tam Tam, 2011, MicroRNA-143 expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons, Cell Tissue Res., 346, 163, 10.1007/s00441-011-1263-x von Schack, 2011, Dynamic changes in the microRNA expression profile reveal multiple regulatory mechanisms in the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain, PLoS ONE, 6, e17670, 10.1371/journal.pone.0017670 Kusuda, 2011, Differential expression of microRNAs in mouse pain models, Mol. Pain, 7, 17, 10.1186/1744-8069-7-17 John, 2012, Bcl11a is required for neuronal morphogenesis and sensory circuit formation in dorsal spinal cord development, Development, 139, 1831, 10.1242/dev.072850 Sun, 2002, Dorsal horn-enriched genes identified by DNA microarray, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, BMC Neurosci., 3, 11, 10.1186/1471-2202-3-11 Bar, 2007, Increased prefrontal activation during pain perception in major depression, Biol. Psychiatry, 62, 1281, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.011 Wiech, 2006, Anterolateral prefrontal cortex mediates the analgesic effect of expected and perceived control over pain, J. Neurosci., 26, 11501, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2568-06.2006 Poh, 2011, MicroRNA changes in the mouse prefrontal cortex after inflammatory pain, Eur. J. Pain, 15 Imai, 2011, Change in microRNAs associated with neuronal adaptive responses in the nucleus accumbens under neuropathic pain, J. Neurosci., 31, 15294, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0921-11.2011 Davis, 2006, Improved targeting of miRNA with antisense oligonucleotides, Nucleic Acids Res., 34, 2294, 10.1093/nar/gkl183 Kloosterman, 2007, Targeted inhibition of miRNA maturation with morpholinos reveals a role for miR-375 in pancreatic islet development, PLoS Biol., 5, e203, 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050203 Obad, 2011, Silencing of microRNA families by seed-targeting tiny LNAs, Nat. Genet., 43, 371, 10.1038/ng.786 Elmen, 2008, LNA-mediated microRNA silencing in non-human primates, Nature, 452, 896, 10.1038/nature06783 Krutzfeldt, 2005, Silencing of microRNAs in vivo with ‘antagomirs’, Nature, 438, 685, 10.1038/nature04303 Cheng, 2007, MicroRNA modulation of circadian-clock period and entrainment, Neuron, 54, 813, 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.05.017 Park, 2010, Analysis of microRNA knockouts in mice, Hum. Mol. Genet., 19, R169, 10.1093/hmg/ddq367 Zhao, 2010, Small RNAs control sodium channel expression, nociceptor excitability, and pain thresholds, J. Neurosci., 30, 10860, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1980-10.2010 Prosser, 2011, A resource of vectors and ES cells for targeted deletion of microRNAs in mice, Nat. Biotechnol., 29, 840, 10.1038/nbt.1929 Favereaux, 2011, Bidirectional integrative regulation of Cav1.2 calcium channel by microRNA miR-103: role in pain, EMBO J., 30, 3830, 10.1038/emboj.2011.249 Kynast, 2013, Modulation of central nervous system-specific microRNA-124a alters the inflammatory response in the formalin test in mice, Pain, 154, 368, 10.1016/j.pain.2012.11.010 Crew, 2012, MicroRNA conjugated gold nanoparticles and cell transfection, Anal. Chem., 84, 26, 10.1021/ac202749p Ghosh, 2013, A gold nanoparticle platform for the delivery of functional microRNAs into cancer cells, Biomaterials, 34, 807, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.023 Hao, 2011, Nucleic acid–gold nanoparticle conjugates as mimics of microRNA, Small, 7, 3158, 10.1002/smll.201101018 Li, 2010, Biodegradable calcium phosphate nanoparticle with lipid coating for systemic siRNA delivery, J. Control. Release, 142, 416, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.11.008 Pramanik, 2011, Restitution of tumor suppressor microRNAs using a systemic nanovector inhibits pancreatic cancer growth in mice, Mol. Cancer Ther., 10, 1470, 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0152 Trang, 2011, Systemic delivery of tumor suppressor microRNA mimics using a neutral lipid emulsion inhibits lung tumors in mice, Mol. Ther., 19, 1116, 10.1038/mt.2011.48 Chen, 2010, Nanoparticles modified with tumor-targeting scFv deliver siRNA and miRNA for cancer therapy, Mol. Ther., 18, 1650, 10.1038/mt.2010.136 Hwang do, 2011, A brain-targeted rabies virus glycoprotein–disulfide linked PEI nanocarrier for delivery of neurogenic microRNA, Biomaterials, 32, 4968, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.047 Ebert, 2007, MicroRNA sponges: competitive inhibitors of small RNAs in mammalian cells, Nat. Methods, 4, 721, 10.1038/nmeth1079 Care, 2007, MicroRNA-133 controls cardiac hypertrophy, Nat. Med., 13, 613, 10.1038/nm1582 Du, 2009, Down-regulation of miR-141 in gastric cancer and its involvement in cell growth, J. Gastroenterol., 44, 556, 10.1007/s00535-009-0037-7 Krol, 2010, The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay, Nat. Rev. Genet., 11, 597, 10.1038/nrg2843 Tappe, 2006, Synaptic scaffolding protein Homer1a protects against chronic inflammatory pain, Nat. Med., 12, 677, 10.1038/nm1406 Terashima, 2009, DRG-targeted helper-dependent adenoviruses mediate selective gene delivery for therapeutic rescue of sensory neuronopathies in mice, J. Clin. Invest., 119, 2100 Dweep, 2013, In-silico algorithms for the screening of possible microRNA binding sites and their interactions, Curr. Genomics, 14, 127, 10.2174/1389202911314020005 Zheng, 2013, Advances in the techniques for the prediction of microRNA targets, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 14, 8179, 10.3390/ijms14048179 Bonev, 2011, MicroRNA-9 reveals regional diversity of neural progenitors along the anterior–posterior axis, Dev. Cell, 20, 19, 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.11.018 Choi, 2007, Target protectors reveal dampening and balancing of Nodal agonist and antagonist by miR-430, Science, 318, 271, 10.1126/science.1147535 Staton, 2011, Use of target protector morpholinos to analyze the physiological roles of specific miRNA–mRNA pairs in vivo, Nat. Protoc., 6, 2035, 10.1038/nprot.2011.423 Knauss, 2013, Plasmid-based target protectors allow specific blockade of miRNA silencing activity in mammalian developmental systems, Front. Cell. Neurosci., 7, 163, 10.3389/fncel.2013.00163 Wu, 2012, Dicer–microRNA pathway is critical for peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery in vivo and regenerative axonogenesis in vitro, Exp. Neurol., 233, 555, 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.11.041 Willemen, 2012, MicroRNA-124 as a novel treatment for persistent hyperalgesia, J. Neuroinflammation, 9, 143, 10.1186/1742-2094-9-143 Sakai, 2013, miR-7a alleviates the maintenance of neuropathic pain through regulation of neuronal excitability, Brain, 136, 2738, 10.1093/brain/awt191 He, 2010, Regulation of opioid tolerance by let-7 family microRNA targeting the mu opioid receptor, J. Neurosci., 30, 10251, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2419-10.2010 Strickland, 2011, Axotomy-induced miR-21 promotes axon growth in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons, PLoS ONE, 6, e23423, 10.1371/journal.pone.0023423 Sakai, 2013, Nerve injury-induced upregulation of miR-21 in the primary sensory neurons contributes to neuropathic pain in rats, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 435, 176, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.089 Chen, 2013, Intrathecal miR-96 inhibits Nav1.3 expression and alleviates neuropathic pain in rat following chronic construction injury, Neurochem. Res., 39, 76, 10.1007/s11064-013-1192-z Kapranov, 2007, RNA maps reveal new RNA classes and a possible function for pervasive transcription, Science, 316, 1484, 10.1126/science.1138341 Spizzo, 2012, Long non-coding RNAs and cancer: a new frontier of translational research?, Oncogene, 31, 4577, 10.1038/onc.2011.621 Ponting, 2009, Evolution and functions of long noncoding RNAs, Cell, 136, 629, 10.1016/j.cell.2009.02.006 Qureshi, 2013, Long non-coding RNAs: novel targets for nervous system disease diagnosis and therapy, Neurotherapeutics, 10, 632, 10.1007/s13311-013-0199-0 Brown, 1991, A gene from the region of the human X inactivation centre is expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome, Nature, 349, 38, 10.1038/349038a0 Derrien, 2012, The GENCODE v7 catalog of human long noncoding RNAs: analysis of their gene structure, evolution, and expression, Genome Res., 22, 1775, 10.1101/gr.132159.111 Knauss, 2013, Regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs in vertebrate central nervous system development and function, Neuroscience, 235, 200, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.022 Faghihi, 2008, Expression of a noncoding RNA is elevated in Alzheimer's disease and drives rapid feed-forward regulation of beta-secretase, Nat. Med., 14, 723, 10.1038/nm1784 Korneev, 2008, Novel noncoding antisense RNA transcribed from human anti-NOS2A locus is differentially regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells, RNA, 14, 2030, 10.1261/rna.1084308 Buiting, 2010, Prader–Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome, Am. J. Med. Genet. C: Semin. Med. Genet., 154C, 365, 10.1002/ajmg.c.30273 Yu, 2013, Altered long noncoding RNA expressions in dorsal root ganglion after rat sciatic nerve injury, Neurosci. Lett., 534, 117, 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.014 Zhao, 2013, A long noncoding RNA contributes to neuropathic pain by silencing Kcna2 in primary afferent neurons, Nat. Neurosci., 16, 1024, 10.1038/nn.3438 Lee, 2011, Identification of piRNAs in the central nervous system, RNA, 17, 1090, 10.1261/rna.2565011 Rajasethupathy, 2012, A role for neuronal piRNAs in the epigenetic control of memory-related synaptic plasticity, Cell, 149, 693, 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.057 Janssen, 2013, Treatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNA, N. Engl. J. Med., 368, 1685, 10.1056/NEJMoa1209026 Rottiers, 2013, Pharmacological inhibition of a microRNA family in nonhuman primates by a seed-targeting 8-mer antimiR, Sci. Transl. Med., 5, 212ra162, 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006840 Wu, 2011, MicroRNA machinery responds to peripheral nerve lesion in an injury-regulated pattern, Neuroscience, 190, 386, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.017 Yu, 2011, Altered microRNA expression following sciatic nerve resection in dorsal root ganglia of rats, Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai), 43, 909, 10.1093/abbs/gmr083 Bali, 2014, Sources of individual variability: miRNAs that predispose to neuropathic pain identified using genome-wide sequencing, Mol. Pain, 10, 22, 10.1186/1744-8069-10-22 Bai, 2007, Downregulation of selective microRNAs in trigeminal ganglion neurons following inflammatory muscle pain, Mol. Pain, 3, 15, 10.1186/1744-8069-3-15 Ni, 2013, Regulation of mu-opioid type 1 receptors by microRNA134 in dorsal root ganglion neurons following peripheral inflammation, Eur. J. Pain, 17, 313, 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00197.x Li, 2011, MicroRNA-146a is linked to pain-related pathophysiology of osteoarthritis, Gene, 480, 34, 10.1016/j.gene.2011.03.003 Li, 2013, Altered spinal microRNA-146a and the microRNA-183 cluster contribute to osteoarthritic pain in knee joints, J. Bone Miner. Res., 28, 2512, 10.1002/jbmr.2002 Liu, 2009, Altered microRNA expression following traumatic spinal cord injury, Exp. Neurol., 219, 424, 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.06.015 Li, 2014, miR-203 involves in neuropathic pain development and represses Rap1a expression in nerve growth factor differentiated neuronal PC12 cells, Clin. J. Pain. Strickland, 2011, MicroRNA dysregulation following spinal cord contusion: implications for neural plasticity and repair, Neuroscience, 186, 146, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.063 Nakanishi, 2010, Responses of microRNAs 124a and 223 following spinal cord injury in mice, Spinal Cord, 48, 192, 10.1038/sc.2009.89 Bhalala, 2012, MicroRNA-21 regulates astrocytic response following spinal cord injury, J. Neurosci., 32, 17935, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3860-12.2012 Arai, 2013, The miRNA and mRNA changes in rat hippocampi after chronic constriction injury, Pain Med., 14, 720, 10.1111/pme.12066 Ren, 2010, Interactions between the immune and nervous systems in pain, Nat. Med., 16, 1267, 10.1038/nm.2234 Recchiuti, 2011, MicroRNAs in resolution of acute inflammation: identification of novel resolvin D1–miRNA circuits, FASEB J., 25, 544, 10.1096/fj.10-169599 Yamasaki, 2009, Expression of microRNA-146a in osteoarthritis cartilage, Arthritis Rheum., 60, 1035, 10.1002/art.24404 Nakasa, 2008, Expression of microRNA-146 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue, Arthritis Rheum., 58, 1284, 10.1002/art.23429 Taganov, 2006, NF-kappaB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103, 12481, 10.1073/pnas.0605298103 Monastyrskaya, 2013, miR-199a-5p regulates urothelial permeability and may play a role in bladder pain syndrome, Am. J. Pathol., 182, 431, 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.10.020 Sanchez Freire, 2010, MicroRNAs may mediate the down-regulation of neurokinin-1 receptor in chronic bladder pain syndrome, Am. J. Pathol., 176, 288, 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090552 Orlova, 2011, MicroRNA modulation in complex regional pain syndrome, J. Transl. Med., 9, 195, 10.1186/1479-5876-9-195 Sun, 2012, miR-203 regulates nociceptive sensitization after incision by controlling phospholipase A2 activating protein expression, Anesthesiology, 117, 626, 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31826571aa Kino, 2010, Noncoding RNA gas5 is a growth arrest- and starvation-associated repressor of the glucocorticoid receptor, Sci. Signal., 3, ra8, 10.1126/scisignal.2000568 Ng, 2012, Human long non-coding RNAs promote pluripotency and neuronal differentiation by association with chromatin modifiers and transcription factors, EMBO J., 31, 522, 10.1038/emboj.2011.459 Cesana, 2011, A long noncoding RNA controls muscle differentiation by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA, Cell, 147, 358, 10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.028 Karreth, 2011, In vivo identification of tumor-suppressive PTEN ceRNAs in an oncogenic BRAF-induced mouse model of melanoma, Cell, 147, 382, 10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.032 Salmena, 2011, A ceRNA hypothesis: the Rosetta Stone of a hidden RNA language?, Cell, 146, 353, 10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.014 Tsai, 2010, Long noncoding RNA as modular scaffold of histone modification complexes, Science, 329, 689, 10.1126/science.1192002 Gong, 2011, lncRNAs transactivate STAU1-mediated mRNA decay by duplexing with 3′ UTRs via Alu elements, Nature, 470, 284, 10.1038/nature09701 Tripathi, 2010, The nuclear-retained noncoding RNA MALAT1 regulates alternative splicing by modulating SR splicing factor phosphorylation, Mol. Cell, 39, 925, 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.08.011 Yoon, 2012, LincRNA-p21 suppresses target mRNA translation, Mol. Cell, 47, 648, 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.06.027