The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - Tập 103 Số 3 - Trang 626-631 - 2006
Noah Fierer1, Robert B. Jackson1
1Department of Biology and Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708

Tóm tắt

For centuries, biologists have studied patterns of plant and animal diversity at continental scales. Until recently, similar studies were impossible for microorganisms, arguably the most diverse and abundant group of organisms on Earth. Here, we present a continental-scale description of soil bacterial communities and the environmental factors influencing their biodiversity. We collected 98 soil samples from across North and South America and used a ribosomal DNA-fingerprinting method to compare bacterial community composition and diversity quantitatively across sites. Bacterial diversity was unrelated to site temperature, latitude, and other variables that typically predict plant and animal diversity, and community composition was largely independent of geographic distance. The diversity and richness of soil bacterial communities differed by ecosystem type, and these differences could largely be explained by soil pH ( r 2 = 0.70 and r 2 = 0.58, respectively; P < 0.0001 in both cases). Bacterial diversity was highest in neutral soils and lower in acidic soils, with soils from the Peruvian Amazon the most acidic and least diverse in our study. Our results suggest that microbial biogeography is controlled primarily by edaphic variables and differs fundamentally from the biogeography of “macro” organisms.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Tập 103 Số 3

626-631

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