Upstream and downstream strategies to economize biodiesel production

Ashour, 1992, Applicability of the perturbed hard chain equation of state for simulation of distillation processes in the oleochemical industry. Part II: purification of glycerol, Sep. Sci. Technol., 27, 1157, 10.1080/01496399208019030 Atadashi, 2010, High quality biodiesel and its diesel engine application: a review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14, 1999, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.03.020 Azam, 2005, Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-traditional seed oils for use as biodiesel in India, Biomass Bioenergy, 29, 293, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.05.001 Barnwal, 2005, Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 9, 363, 10.1016/j.rser.2004.05.007 Basha, 2009, A comparative study of biochemical traits and molecular markers for assessment of genetic relationships between Jatropha curcas. Germplasm from different countries, Plant Sci., 176, 812, 10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.03.008 Bournay, 2005, New heterogeneous process for biodiesel production: A way to improve the quality and the value of the crude glycerin produced by biodiesel plants, Catal. Today, 106, 190, 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.07.181 Canakci, 2008, Biodiesel production from various feedstocks and their effects on the fuel properties, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 35, 431, 10.1007/s10295-008-0337-6 Cao, 2008, Methanol recycling in the production of biodiesel in a membrane reactor, Fuel, 87, 825, 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.048 Casa, 2009, Use of pure glycerol in fattening heavy pigs, Meat Sci., 81, 238, 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.07.030 Chisti, 2007, Biodiesel from microalgae, Biotechnol. Adv., 25, 294, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.02.001 Chung, 2007, Effects of feeding dry glycerin to early postpartum Holstein dairy cows on lactational performance and metabolic profiles, J. Dairy Sci., 90, 5682, 10.3168/jds.2007-0426 Demirbas, 2005, Biodiesel production from vegetable oils via catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical methanol transesterification methods, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 31, 466, 10.1016/j.pecs.2005.09.001 Deng, 2009, Microalgae: a promising feedstock for biodiesel, African J. Microbiol. Res., 3, 1008 Divakara, 2010, Biology and genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L.: a review, Appl. Energy, 87, 732, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.07.013 Downey, 1971, Agricultural and genetic potentials of cruciferous oilseed crops, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 48, 718, 10.1007/BF02638528 Dube, 2007, Biodiesel production using a membrane reactor, Boresour. Technol., 98, 639, 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.019 Ellis, 2008, Monitoring biodiesel production (transesterification) using in situ viscometer, J. Chem. Eng., 138, 200, 10.1016/j.cej.2007.06.034 Feng, 2010, Biodiesel production using cation-exchange resin as catalyst heterogeneous, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 1518, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.084 Ferraro, 2009, In vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation of glycerol, propylene glycol and molasses, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 154, 112, 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.07.009 Fisher, 1973, Effects of propylene glycol or glycerol supplementation of the diet of dairy cows on feed intake, milk yield and composition, and incidence of ketosis, Can. J. Anim. Sci., 53, 289, 10.4141/cjas73-045 Freedman, 1984, Variables affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterified vegetable oils, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 1638, 10.1007/BF02541649 Gerpen, 2005, Biodiesel processing and production, Fuel Process. Technol., 86, 1097, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.005 Glisic, 2009, The problems in design and detailed analyses of energy consumption for biodiesel synthesis at supercritical conditions, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 49, 293, 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.12.011 Gomes, 2010, Separation of biodiesel and glycerol using ceramic membranes, J. Membr. Sci., 15, 271, 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.030 Gui, 2008, Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock, Energy, 33, 1646, 10.1016/j.energy.2008.06.002 Haas, 2005, Improving the economics of biodiesel production through the use of low value lipids as feedstocks: vegetable oil soap stock, Fuel Process. Technol., 86, 1087, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.004 Haas, 2006, A process model to estimate biodiesel production costs, Bioresour. Technol., 97, 671, 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.03.039 Hawash, 2009, Biodiesel fuel from Jatropha oil via non-catalytic supercritical methanol transesterification, Fuel, 88, 579, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.007 Huang, 2010, Biodiesel production by microalgal biotechnology, Appl. Energy, 87, 38, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.06.016 Ilham, 2010, Two-step supercritical dimethyl carbonate method for biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 2735, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.053 Janaun, 2010, Perspectives on biodiesel as a sustainable fuel, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14, 1312, 10.1016/j.rser.2009.12.011 Julian, 1990, Glycerol accumulation while recycling thin stillage in corn fermentations to ethanol, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 5, 391 Kansedo, 2009, Cerbera odollam (sea mango) oil as a promising non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production, Fuel, 88, 1148, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.004 Kusdiana, 2004, Two-step preparation for catalyst-free biodiesel fuel production: hydrolysis and methyl esterification, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 113–116, 781, 10.1385/ABAB:115:1-3:0781 Lapuerta, 2009, Correlation for the estimation of the cetane number of biodiesel fuels and implications on the iodine number, Energy Policy, 37, 4337, 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.049 Leung, 2010, A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification, Appl. Energy, 87, 1083, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.10.006 Lim, 2010, Recent trends, opportunities and challenges of biodiesel in Malaysia: an overview, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14, 938, 10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.027 Lozada, 2010, Environmental and economic feasibility of palm oil biodiesel in the Mexican transportation sector, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14, 486, 10.1016/j.rser.2009.06.034 Lu, 2009, Production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. oil, Comput. Chem. Eng., 33, 1091, 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2008.09.012 Macario, 2010, Biodiesel production process by homogeneous/heterogeneous catalytic system using an acid-base catalyst, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 378, 160, 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.02.016 Marchetti, 2008, Technoeconomic study of supercritical biodiesel production plant, Energy Conv. Manage., 49, 2160, 10.1016/j.enconman.2008.02.002 Meng, 2008, Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil via alkali catalyst and its engine test, Fuel Process. Technol., 89, 851, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.02.006 Nakagaki, 2008, Use of anhydrous sodium molybdate as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for soybean oil methanolysis, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 351, 267, 10.1016/j.apcata.2008.09.026 Park, 2010, Esterification of used vegetable oils using the heterogeneous WO3/ZrO2 catalyst for production of biodiesel, Bioresour. Technol., 101, S59, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.04.025 Peng, 1999, Synthesis of ethyl caproate catalyzed by ferric sulfate hydrate (in Chinese), Huagong Xiandai/Mod. Chem. Ind., 19, 26 Phan, 2008, Biodiesel production from waste cooking oils, Fuel, 87, 3490, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.07.008 Pugazhvadivu, 2005, Investigations on the performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using preheated waste cooking oil as a fuel, Renew. Energy, 30, 2189, 10.1016/j.renene.2005.02.001 Rajendra, 2009, Prediction of optimized pretreatment process parameters for biodiesel production using ANN and GA, Fuel, 88, 868, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.008 Rathore, 2007, Synthesis of biodiesel from edible and non-edible oils in supercritical alcohols and enzymatic synthesis in supercritical carbon dioxide, Fuel, 86, 2650, 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.03.014 Roger, 1992, Effects of glycerol on the growth, adhesion, and cellulolytic activity of rumen cellulolytic bacteria and anaerobic fungi, Curr. Microbiol., 25, 197, 10.1007/BF01570719 Saleh, 2010, Glycerol removal from biodiesel using membrane separation technology, Fuel, 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.04.025 Sdrula, 2010, A study using classical or membrane separation in the biodiesel process, Desalination, 250, 1070, 10.1016/j.desal.2009.09.110 Sharma, 2008, Advancements in development and characterization of biodiesel: a review, Fuel, 87, 2355, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.01.014 Shi, 2010, Preparation and characterization of the organic–inorganic hybrid membrane for biodiesel production, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 1501, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.014 Shu, 2010, Synthesis of biodiesel from a model waste oil feedstock using a carbon-based solid acid catalyst: reaction and separation, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 5374, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.050 Singh, 2006, Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) legume grains as protein source in the ration of growing sheep, Small Ruminant Res., 64, 247, 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.04.022 Smith, 2010, Improving the low-temperature properties of biodiesel: methods and consequences, Renew. Energy, 35, 1145, 10.1016/j.renene.2009.12.007 Soldi, 2009, Soybean oil and beef tallow alcoholysis by acid heterogeneous catalysis, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 361, 42, 10.1016/j.apcata.2009.03.030 Sun, 2008, Organosolv pretreatment by crude glycerol from oleochemicals industry for enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw, Bioresour. Technol., 99, 5474, 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.001 Tan, 2009, Production of FAME by palm oil transesterification via supercritical methanol technology, Biomass Bioenergy, 33, 1096, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.04.003 Unker, 2010, Investigation into the relationship between the gravity vector and the flow vector to improve performance in two-phase continuous flow biodiesel reactor, Bioresour. Technol., 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.101 Vollmann, 2007, Agronomic evaluation of camelina genotypes selected for seed quality characteristics, Ind. Crops Prod., 26, 270, 10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.03.017 Vyas, 2009, Production of biodiesel through transesterification of Jatropha oil using KNO3/Al2O3 solid catalyst, Fuel, 88, 625, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.10.033 Wang, 2006, Comparison of two different processes to synthesize biodiesel by waste cooking oil, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 252, 107, 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.02.047 Wang, 2009, Effects of glycerol on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 121, 15 Wang, 2009, Refining of biodiesel by ceramic membrane separation, Fuel Process. Technol., 90, 422, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.11.004 Westermann, 2009, Flow-through catalytic membrane reactors – principles and applications, Chem. Eng. Process, 48, 17, 10.1016/j.cep.2008.07.001 Wilson, 2002, Chem. Eng. News, 80, 46, 10.1021/cen-v080n021.p046 Xie, 2006, Alumina-supported potassium iodide as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from soybean oil, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 255, 1, 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.03.061 Yan, 2009, Simultaneous transesterification and esterification of unrefined or waste oils over ZnO–La2O3 catalysts, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 353, 203, 10.1016/j.apcata.2008.10.053