Improving the cooling performance of automobile radiator with ethylene glycol water based TiO2 nanofluids

Huminic, 2012, Application of nanofluids in heat exchangers: a review, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 16, 5625, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.05.023 Sundar, 2013, Convective heat transfer and friction factor correlations of nanofluid in a tube and with inserts: a review, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 20, 23, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.041 Chandrasekar, 2012, Mechanisms proposed through experimental investigations on thermo physical properties and forced convective heat transfer characteristics of various nanofluids—a review, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 16, 3917, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.013 Farajollahi, 2010, Heat transfer of nanofluids in a shell and tube heat exchanger, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 53, 12, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.10.019 Duangthongsuk, 2009, Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop characteristics of TiO2-water nanofluid in a double-tube counter flow heat exchanger, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 52, 2059, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.10.023 Zamzamian, 2011, Experimental investigation of forced convective heat transfer coefficient in nanofluids of Al2O3/EG and CuO/EG in a double pipe and plate heat exchangers under turbulent flow, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 35, 495, 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.11.013 Naphon, 2008, Experimental investigation of titanium nanofluids on the heat pipe thermal efficiency, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 35, 1316, 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2008.07.010 Noie, 2009, Heat transfer enhancement using Al2O3/water nanofluid in a two-phase closed thermo siphon, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 30, 700, 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2009.03.001 Jung, 2006, Forced convective heat transfer of nanofluids in micro channels Sajadi, 2011, Investigation of turbulent convective heat transfer and pressure drop of TiO2/water nanofluid in circular tube, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 38, 1474, 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2011.07.007 Nguyen, 2007, Heat transfer enhancement using Al2O3 water nanofluid for an electronic liquid cooling system, Appl. Therm. Eng., 27, 1501, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.09.028 Leong, 2012, Modeling of shell and tube heat recovery exchanger operated with nanofluid based coolants, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 55, 808, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.10.027 Park, 2007, Boiling heat transfer enhancement with carbon nanotubes for refrigerants used in building air-conditioning, Energy Build., 39, 1061, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2006.12.001 Kulkarni, 2009, Application of nanofluids in heating buildings and reducing pollution, Appl. Energy, 86, 2566, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.03.021 Yu, 2006, Carbon foam finned tubes in air water heat exchangers, Appl. Therm. Eng., 26, 131, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.06.004 Harris, 2004, Design and fabrication of a cross flow micro heat exchanger, J. Micro Electro Mech. Syst., 9, 502, 10.1109/84.896772 Joardar, 2005, Impact of leading edge delta-wing vortex generators on the thermal performance of a flat tube, louvered fin compact heat exchanger, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 48, 1480, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.10.018 Ding, 2006, Heat transfer of aqueous suspensions of carbon nanotubes (CNT nanofluids), Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 49, 240, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.07.009 Peyghambarzadeh, 2013, Experimental study of overall heat transfer coefficient in the application of dilute nanofluids in the car radiator, Appl. Therm. Eng., 52, 8, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.11.013 Peyghambarzadeh, 2011, Improving the cooling performance of automobile radiator with Al2O3/water nanofluid, Appl. Therm. Eng., 31, 1833, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.02.029 Pang, 2012, A review on air flow and coolant flow circuit in vehicles cooling system, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 55, 6295, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.07.002 Peyghambarzadeh, 2011, Experimental study of heat transfer enhancement using water/ethylene glycol based nanofluids as a new coolant for car radiators, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 38, 1283, 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2011.07.001 Ho, 2009, An experimental investigation of forced convective cooling performance of a microchannel heat sink with Al2O3/water nanofluid, Appl. Therm. Eng., 30, 96, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.07.003 Pak, 1998, Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles, Exp. Heat Transf., 11, 151, 10.1080/08916159808946559 Gnielinski, 1976, New equations for heat and mass transfer in turbulent pipe and channel flow, Int. Chem. Eng., 16, 359 Tam, 2006, Transitional heat transfer in plain horizontal tubes, Heat Transf. Eng., 27, 23, 10.1080/01457630600559538 Heris, 2006, Experimental investigation of oxide nanofluids laminar flow convective heat transfer, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 33, 529, 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2006.01.005 Kakaç, 2009, Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 52, 3187, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.02.006 Maiga, 2005, Heat transfer enhancement by using nanofluids in forced convection flows, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 26, 530, 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2005.02.004 Xuan, 2000, Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of nanofluids, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 43, 3701, 10.1016/S0017-9310(99)00369-5