Integrated evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) from two farming systems in southern Germany

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment - Tập 91 - Trang 175-189 - 2002
H Flessa1, R Ruser2, P Dörsch3, T Kamp2, M.A Jimenez2, J.C Munch2, F Beese1
1Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
2GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Soil Ecology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
3Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O.B. 5028, NO-1432 Aas, Norway

Tài liệu tham khảo

Adger, W.N., Pettenella, D., Whitby, M., 1997. Land use in Europe and the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions. In: Adger, W.N., Pettnella, D., Whitby, M. (Eds.), Climate-Change Mitigation and European Land-Use Policies. CAB International, Oxon, UK, pp. 1–22. Ahlgrimm, H.J., Gädeken, D., 1990. Methan. In: Sauerbeck, D., Brunnert, H. (Eds.), Klimaveränderungen und Landbewirtschaftung Teil 1, Sonderheft 117. Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Braunschweig, Germany, pp. 28–46. Bouwman, 1996, Direct emission of nitrous oxide from agricultural soil, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 46, 53, 10.1007/BF00210224 Dobbie, 1999, Nitrous oxide emissions from intensive agricultural systems: variations between crops and seasons key variables and mean emission factors, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26891, 10.1029/1999JD900378 Dörsch, P., 2000. Nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in differently managed agricultural soils of a hilly landscape in southern Germany. Ph.D. thesis, TU München-Weihenstephan, Fakultät für Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau. Weihenstephan, Germany. Duxbury, J.M., Harper, L.A., Mosier, A.R., 1993. Contribution of agroecosystems to global climate change. In: Harper, L.A., Mosier, A.R., Duxbury, J.M., Rolston, D.E. (Eds.), Agricultural Ecosystem Effects on Trace Gases and Global Climate Change. ASA Special Publication No. 55. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 1–18. Federal Ministry for the Environment/Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, 1997. Climate protection in Germany. Second report of the government of the Federal Republic of Germany pursuant to the United Nations Framework Convention on the Climate Change. Bonn, Germany. Flessa, 1995, Effects of sugarbeet residues on soil redox potential and nitrous oxide emission, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 59, 1044, 10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900040013x Flessa, 1995, Seasonal variation of N2O and CH4 fluxes in differently managed arable soils in southern Germany, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 23115, 10.1029/95JD02270 Flessa, 1996, Influence of cattle wastes on nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in pasture land, J. Environ. Qual., 25, 1366, 10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060028x Heinemeyer, O., Hesse, D., Munch, J.C., Kaiser, E.A., 1997. N2O emissions from different housing systems used in pig fattening. In: Becker, K.H., Wiesen, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Nitrous Oxide Emissions, Cologne, Germany, pp. 155–161. Heyer, J., 1994. Methan. In: Enquete-Kommission Schutz der Erdatmosphäre des Deutschen Bundestages, Landwirtschaft Studienprogramm, Band 1, Studie C. Economica Verlag, Bonn, Germany, pp. 1–91. Hutchinson, G.L., Davidson, E.A., 1993. Processes for production and consumption of gaseous nitrogen oxides in soil. In: Harper, L.A., Mosier, A.R., Duxbury, J.M., Rolston, D.E. (Eds.), Agricultural Ecosystem Effects on Trace Gases and Global Climate Change. ASA Special Publication No. 55. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 79–94. IPCC, 1996. Climate Change 1995, the Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. IPCC, 1997. Revised 1996 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. IPCC/OECD/IEA, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. Isermann, 1994, Agriculture’s share in the emission of trace gases affecting the climate and some cause-oriented proposals for sufficiently reducing this share, Environ. Pollut., 83, 95, 10.1016/0269-7491(94)90027-2 Isermann, 1998, Food production and consumption in Germany: N flows and emissions, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 52, 289, 10.1023/A:1009706001900 Kaiser, 2000, Nitrous oxide emissions from arable soils in Germany—an evaluation of six long-term field experiments, Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk., 163, 249, 10.1002/1522-2624(200006)163:3<249::AID-JPLN249>3.0.CO;2-Z Kaiser, 1998, Nitrous oxide release from arable soil: importance of N-fertilization, crops and temporal variation, Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, 1553, 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00036-4 Kaltschmitt, M., Reinhardt, G.H., 1997. Nachwachsende Energieträger, Grundlagen, Verfahren, ökologische Bilanzierung. Vieweg-Verlag Braunschweig, Wiesbaden, Germany. Kamp, T., 1998. Freiland und aboruntersuchungen zur N2O-Freisetzung eines landwirtschaftlich genutzten Bodens unter definierten Temperaturbedingungen. Ph.D. thesis, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany. Kramer, 1999, Total greenhouse gas emissions related to the Dutch crop production system, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 72, 9, 10.1016/S0167-8809(98)00158-3 Kraus, K., Niklas, G., Tappe, M., 1999. Aktuelle Bewertung des Einsatzes von Rapsöl (RME) im Vergleich zu Dieselkraftstoff. In: Umweltbundesamt. Texte 79/99, Berlin, Germany. Loftfield, 1997, Automated gas chromatographic system for rapid analysis of the atmospheric trace gases CH4, CO2 and N2O, J. Environ. Qual., 26, 560, 10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600020030x MacKenzie, 1998, Nitrous oxide emission in 3 years as affected by tillage, corn–soybean–alfalfa rotations, and nitrogen fertilization, J. Environ. Qual., 27, 698, 10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700030029x Oenema, 1993, Denitrification in nitric-acid-treated cattle slurry during storage, Netherlands J. Agric. Sci., 41, 63, 10.18174/njas.v41i2.623 Oenema, 1997, Nitrous oxide emissions from grazed grasslands, Soil Use Manage., 13, 288, 10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00600.x Prather, M., Derwent, R., Enhalt, D., Fraser, P., Sanhueza, E., Zhou, X., 1995. Other trace gases and atmospheric chemistry. In: Houghton, J. et al. (Eds.), Climate Change 1994. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 77–126. Ruser, R., Flessa, H., Schilling, R., Beese, F., Munch, J.C., 2001. Effect of crop-specific management and N fertilization on N2O emissions from a fine-loamy soil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 59, 177–191 Sibbesen, 1993, Loss of nitrous oxide from animal manure in dungheaps, Acta Agric. Scan., 43, 16 Sinowski, W., 1995. Die dreidimensionale Variabilität von Bodeneigenschaften—Ausmaβ, Ursachen und Interpolation. Ph.D. thesis, Fakultät für Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau, TU München-Weihenstephan, Weihenstephan, Germany. Stenger, R., 1996. Dynamik des mineralischen Stickstoffs in einer Agrarlandschaft, Monitoring–Prozeβstudien–Simulationen. Ph.D. thesis, Fakultät für Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau, TU München-Weihenstephan, Weihenstephan, Germany. Stolz, B., 1997. Kohlendioxid, Lachgas und Methanemissionen nach dem Umbruch einer Kleerotationsbrache sowie der Zusammenhang von Nitratreduktaseaktivität und Lachgasemissionen in Böden. Dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany. Subak, S., 1997. Full cycle emissions from extensive and intensive beef production in Europe. In: Adger, W.N., Pettnella, D., Whitby, M. (Eds.), Climate-Change Mitigation and European Land-Use Policies. CAB International, Oxon, UK, pp. 145–157. Tiedje, J.M., 1988. Ecology of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia. In: Zehnder, A.J.B. (Ed.), Biology of Anaerobic Microorganisms. Wiley, New York, USA, pp. 179–243. Wagner-Riddle, 1997, Estimates of nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural fields over 28 months, Can. J. Soil Sci., 77, 135, 10.4141/S96-103 Woodbury, J.W., Hashimoto, A., 1993. Methane emissions from livestock manure. In: US Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Change Division. International Methane Emissions, Washington, DC, USA.