Exploring the role of the neighbourhood in firm relocation: differences between stayers and movers
Tóm tắt
Most firm relocations take place across rather short distances, indicating that firms are in general quite place-attached. Still, at the local level, weaker neighbourhoods are characterised by relatively high firm out-migration figures, which may be the result of unfavourable local business conditions. Through a qualitative study of 40 entrepreneurs from weaker neighbourhoods, equally divided between firms that relocated (movers) and firms that did not (stayers), this paper studies to what extent characteristics of the neighbourhood itself influence either past firm relocation decisions or future firm relocation propensity. The results show that the neighbourhood plays only a modest role in firm relocation decisions and propensity, and when neighbourhood characteristics are mentioned as push factors, they are in general outweighed by investments or relocation costs in the decision-making process. Because most firm relocation decisions, both in the past and in the future, are related to aspects of the business property, rather than consequences of other neighbourhood characteristics, maintaining or creating a diverse supply of business properties within a neighbourhood may prevent most potential movers from leaving the neighbourhood much more than neighbourhood liveability improvement measures.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Aalders, R., Bakkeren, A., Kok, J., & Twigt, T. (2008). De kracht van de wijk. Belang van wijkeconomie voor de leefbaarheid in Amsterdamse krachtwijken. Amsterdam: Rabobank Amsterdam en Omstreken/EZ Amsterdam/MKB Amsterdam.
Bates, T., & Robb, A. (2008). Crime’s impact on the survival prospects of young urban small businesses. Economic Development Quarterly, 22(3), 228–238.
Beckers, P. (2011). Local space and economic success; the role of spatial segregation of migrants in the Netherlands. Maastricht: Boekenplan.
Brouwer, A. E., Mariotti, I., & Van Ommeren, J. N. (2004). The firm relocation decision: An empirical investigation. The Annals of Regional Science, 38, 335–347.
Bulterman, S., Van Klink, A. & Schutjens, V. (2007). Ondernemers en hun bedrijven in de wijk. Het cement voor de economische pijler. In J. Van Dijk & V. Schutjens (Eds.), De economische kracht van de stad. Assen: Van Gorcum.
Castells, M. (1996). The rise of the network society. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Clark, T. N., Lloyd, R., Wong, K. K., & Jain, P. (2002). Amenities drive urban growth. Journal of Urban Affairs, 24, 493–515.
Dahl, M. S., & Sorenson, O. (2009). The embedded entrepreneur. European Management Review, 6, 172–181.
Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class: And how it’s transforming work, leisure, community and everyday life. New York: Basis Books.
Garnsey, E. (1998). A theory of the early growth of the firm. Industrial and Corporate Change, 7, 523–555.
Glaeser, E., Kolko, J., & Saiz, A. (2001). Consumer city. Journal of Economic Geography, 1, 27–50.
Green, H. A., Strange, A., & Trache, H. (2000). The homeworking revolution: Considering the property dimension. Regional Studies, 34(3), 303–307.
Hayter, R. (1997). The dynamics of industrial location. The factory, the firm and the production system. New York: Wiley.
Hu, W., Cox, L. J., Wright, J., & Harris, T. (2008). Understanding firms’ relocation and expansion decisions using self-reported factor importance rating. The Review of Regional Studies, 38(1), 76–88.
Knoben, J. (2007). A spider and the stickiness of its web. The causes and consequences of spatial firm mobility. Dissertation, University of Tilburg.
Lambooy, J. G. (1995). Regionaal economische dynamiek; een inleiding in de economische geografie. Bussum: Coutinho.
Louw, E., Needham, B., et al. (2009). Planning van bedrijventerreinen. Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers.
Love, L., & Crompton, J. (1999). The role of quality of life in business (re)location decisions. Journal of Business Research, 44, 211–222.
Mackloet, A., Schutjens, V., & Korteweg, P. (2006). Starten vanuit huis: Bittere noodzaak of verkozen lifestyle?. Utrecht: DGW/NETHUR Partnership.
Mason, C., Carter, S., & Tagg, S. (2011). Invisible businesses: The characteristics of home-based businesses in the United Kingdom. Regional Studies, 45(5), 625–639.
McCann, P. (2001). Urban and regional economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
PBL. (2010). Bedrijvigheid en leefbaarheid in stedelijke woonwijken. Den Haag/Bilthoven: Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving.
Pellenbarg, P. H., Van Wissen, L. J. G., & Van Dijk, J. (2002). Firm migration. In P. McCann (Ed.), Industrial location economics (pp. 110–148). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Pen, C. J. (2002). Wat beweegt bedrijven; besluitvormingsprocessen bij verplaatste bedrijven. Nederlandse Geografische Studies.
RPB. (2007). Verhuizingen van bedrijven en groei van de werkgelegenheid. Den Haag: Ruimtelijk Planbureau.
Salvesen, D., & Renski, H. (2003). The importance of quality of life in the location decisions of new economy firms. Chapel Hill: Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, University of North Carolina.
Schutjens, V., Korteweg, P., & Mackloet, M. (2007). De woning als bedrijfslocatie. Van springplank naar anker. In R. Van Kempen, & S. Musterd (Eds.), De stadsbuurt. Ontwikkeling en betekenis. Assen: Van Gorcum.
Stam, E. (2003). Why butterflies don’t leave. Locational evolution of evolving enterprises. Dissertation, Utrecht University.
Stam, E. (2009). Entrepreneurship, evolution and geography. In R. Boschma, & Martin, L. (eds) The handbook of evolutionary economic geography. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Statline website: http://statline.cbs.nl. Accessed 1 April 2011.
Van Dijk, J., & Pellenbarg, P. (2000). Firm relocation decisions in The Netherlands: An ordered logit approach. Papers in Regional Science, 79, 191–219.
Weterings, A., Knoben, J. & Van Amsterdam, H. (2008). Werkgelegenheidsgroei op bedrijventerreinen. Den Haag/Bilthoven: Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving.
Williams, N., & Williams, C. C. (2011). Tackling barriers to entrepreneurship in a deprived urban neighbourhood. Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 26(1), 30–42.
Wilson, W. J. (1987). The declining significance of race: The truly disadvantaged—the inner city, the underclass, and public policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Wittebrood, K., & Permentier, M. (2011). Wonen, wijken & interventies; Krachtwijkenbeleid in perspectief. Den Haag: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.