Motor functioning, exploration, visuospatial cognition and language development in preschool children with autism

Akshoomoff, 2006, Use of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning for the assessment of young children with autism spectrum disorders, Child Neuropsychology, 12, 269, 10.1080/09297040500473714 Altman, 1991 American Psychiatric Association, 2000 Antonucci, 2011, A lifespan perspective on semantic processing of concrete concepts: does a sensory/motor model have the potential to bridge the gap, Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, 551, 10.3758/s13415-011-0053-y Baranek, 1999, Autism during infancy: A retrospective video analysis of sensory-motor and social behavior at 9–12 months of age, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 213, 10.1023/A:1023080005650 Baron-Cohen, 1985, Does the autistic child have a ‘theory of mind’?, Cognition, 21, 37, 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90022-8 Bavin, 2005, Spatio-visual memory of children with specific language impairment: Evidence for generalized processing problems, International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 40, 319, 10.1080/13682820400027750 Bertone, 2005, Enhanced and diminished visuo-spatial information processing in autism depends on stimulus complexity, Brain, 128, 2430, 10.1093/brain/awh561 Bhat, 2011, Current perspectives on motor functioning in infants, children and adults with autism spectrum disorders, Physical Therapy, 91, 1116, 10.2522/ptj.20100294 Bornstein, 1990, Activities and interactions of mothers and their firstborn infants in the first six months of life: Covariation, stability, continuity, correspondence, and prediction, Child Development, 61, 1206, 10.2307/1130888 Bourgeois, 2005, Infant manual exploration of objects, surfaces, and their interactions, Infancy, 8, 233, 10.1207/s15327078in0803_3 Brosnan, 2004, Gestalt processing in autism: Failure to process perceptual relationships and the implications for contextual understanding, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 4, 54 Browne, 1993, Alternative ways of assessing model fit, 136 Bruckner, 2007, Restricted object use in young children with autism: Definition and construct validity, Autism, 11, 161, 10.1177/1362361307075709 Campos, 2000, Travel broadens the mind, Infancy, 1, 149, 10.1207/S15327078IN0102_1 Choi, 2000, Caregiver input in English and Korean: Use of nouns and verbs in bookreading and toy-play contexts, Journal of Child Language, 27, 69, 10.1017/S0305000999004018 Clearfield, 2004, The role of crawling and walking experience in infant spatial memory, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 89, 214, 10.1016/j.jecp.2004.07.003 Clearfield, 2011, Learning to walk changes infants’ social interactions, Infant Behavior and Development, 34, 15, 10.1016/j.infbeh.2010.04.008 Clearfield, 2008, Learning by looking: Infants’ social looking behavior across the transition from crawling to walking, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 100, 297, 10.1016/j.jecp.2008.03.005 Cohen, 1988 Dietz, 2006, Screening for autistic spectrum disorder in children aged 14 to 15 months II: Population screening with the Early Screening of Autistic Traits Questionnaire (ESAT). Design and general findings, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 713, 10.1007/s10803-006-0114-1 Dyck, 2006, Are abilities abnormally interdependent in children with autism, Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35, 22, 10.1207/s15374424jccp3501_3 Edgin, 2005, Spatial cognition in autism spectrum disorders: Superior, impaired of just intact?, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 729, 10.1007/s10803-005-0020-y Eigsti, 2011, Language acquisition in autism spectrum disorders: A developmental review, Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 681, 10.1016/j.rasd.2010.09.001 Fischer, 2008, Embodied language: A review of the role of the motor system in language comprehension, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 825, 10.1080/17470210701623605 Fournier, 2010, Motor coordination in autism spectrum disorders: A synthesis and meta-analysis, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1227, 10.1007/s10803-010-0981-3 Gernsbacher, 2008, Infant and toddler oral and manual motor skills predict later speech fluency in autism, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 43, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01820.x Gibson, 1979 Gibson, 1988, Exploratory behavior in the development of perceiving, acting, and the acquiring of knowledge, Annual Review of Psychology, 39, 1, 10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.000245 Gibson, 2000 Glenberg, 2002, Grounding language in action, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9, 558, 10.3758/BF03196313 Harman, 1999, Active manual control of object views facilitates visual recognition, Current Biology, 22, 1315, 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)80053-6 Hick, 2005, Cognitive abilities in children with specific language impairment: Consideration of visuo-spatial skills, International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 40, 137, 10.1080/13682820400011507 Hill, 2001, Non-specific nature of specific language impairment: A review of the literature with regard to concomitant motor impairments, International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 36, 149, 10.1080/13682820010019874 Hockema, 2009, Learning your language, outside-in and inside-out, Linguistics, 47, 453, 10.1515/LING.2009.016 Howlin, 2003, Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and asperger syndrome, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33, 3, 10.1023/A:1022270118899 Humphries, 2004, Narrative comprehension and retelling abilities of children with nonverbal learning disabilities, Brain and Cognition, 56, 77, 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.06.001 Iverson, 2010, Developing language in a developing body: The relationship between motor development and language development, Journal of Child Language, 37, 229, 10.1017/S0305000909990432 Iverson, 1999, Hand, mouth & brain: The dynamic emergence of speech and gesture, Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6, 19 Jansen-Osmann, 2008, Spatial cognition and motor development: A study of children with spina bifida, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 106, 436, 10.2466/pms.106.2.436-446 Jolliffe, 1997, Are people with autism and asperger syndrome faster than normal on the embedded figures test?, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 527, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01539.x Jones, 2005, Object name learning and object perception: A deficit in late talkers, Journal of Child Language, 32, 223, 10.1017/S0305000904006646 Kamhi, 1988, Phonological and spatial processing abilities in language- and reading-impaired children, Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 53, 316, 10.1044/jshd.5303.316 Karmiloff, 2001 Kjelgaard, 2001, An investigation of language impairment in autism: Implications for genetic subgroups, Language and Cognitive Processes, 16, 287, 10.1080/01690960042000058 Kline, 1998 Koterba, 2012, Object exploration at 6 and 9 months in infants with and without for autism, Autism, 18, 97, 10.1177/1362361312464826 Küntay, 2006, Learning to use demonstratives in conversation: What do language specific strategies in Turkish reveal?, Journal of Child Language, 33, 303, 10.1017/S0305000906007380 Kuschner, 2007, Patterns of nonverbal cognitive functioning in young children with autism spectrum disorders, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 795, 10.1007/s10803-006-0209-8 Landa, 2006, Development in infants with autism spectrum disorders: A prospective study, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 629, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01531.x LeBarton, 2013, Fine motor skills predicts expressive language in infant siblings of children with autism, Developmental Science, 16, 815 Lee, 1993, The development of early language and object knowledge in young children with mental handicap, Early Child Development and Care, 95, 85, 10.1080/0300443930950107 Lifter, 1989, Object knowledge and the emergence of language, Infant Behavior and Development, 12, 395, 10.1016/0163-6383(89)90023-4 Liss, 2001, Predictors and correlates of adaptive functioning in children with developmental disorders, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 219, 10.1023/A:1010707417274 Liu, 2007, The role of active exploration of 3D face stimuli on recognition memory of facial information, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 33, 895 Lloyd, 2013, Motor skills of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders, Autism, 17, 133, 10.1177/1362361311402230 López, 2013, Beyond modularization: The need of socio-neuro constructionist model of autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Lord, 2000, The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 205, 10.1023/A:1005592401947 Lord, 1989, Autism diagnostic observation schedule: A standardized observation of communicative and social behavior, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, 185, 10.1007/BF02211841 Lord, 1994, Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 659, 10.1007/BF02172145 Marton, 2008, Visuo-spatial processing and executive functions in children with specific language impairment, International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 43, 181, 10.1080/16066350701340719 Masten, 2010, Developmental cascades, Development and Psychopathology, 22, 491, 10.1017/S0954579410000222 McDonough, 2003, Understanding spatial relations: Flexible infants, lexical adults, Cognitive Psychology, 46, 229, 10.1016/S0010-0285(02)00514-5 Meijer, 2011, Active exploration improves perceptual sensitivity for virtual 3D objects in visual recognition tasks, Vision Research, 51, 2431, 10.1016/j.visres.2011.09.013 Mitchell, 2004, Visuo-spatial abilities in autism: A review, Infant and Child Development, 13, 185, 10.1002/icd.348 Mottron, 2003, Locally oriented perception with intact global processing among adolescents with high functioning autism: Evidence from multiple paradigms, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 906, 10.1111/1469-7610.00174 Mottron, 2006, Enhanced perceptual functioning in autism: An update and eight principles of autistic perception, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 27, 10.1007/s10803-005-0040-7 Mottron, 2007, Lateral glances toward moving stimuli among toddlers with autism: Early evidence of locally-oriented perception?, Development and Psychopathology, 19, 23, 10.1017/S0954579407070022 Mullen, 1995 Mundy, 1995, Nonverbal communication and early language acquisition in children with Down syndrome and in normally developing children, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 157, 10.1044/jshr.3801.157 Mundy, 2009, A parallel and distributed-processing model of joint attention, social cognition and autism, Autism Research, 2, 2, 10.1002/aur.61 Needham, 2000, Improvements in object exploration skills may facilitate the development of object segregation in early infancy, Journal of Cognition and Development, 1, 131, 10.1207/S15327647JCD010201 O’Riordan, 2001, Superior visual search in autism, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 719 Ozonoff, 2008, Atypical object exploration at 12 months of age is associated with autism in a prospective sample, Autism, 12, 457, 10.1177/1362361308096402 Ozonoff, 1991, Executive function deficits in highfunctioning autistic individuals: Relationship to theory of mind, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 1081, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00351.x Paterson, 1999, Cognitive modularity and genetic disorders, Science, 286, 2355, 10.1126/science.286.5448.2355 Pellicano, 2005, Abnormal global processing along the dorsal visual pathway in autism: A possible mechanism for weak central coherence, Neuropsychologica, 43, 1044, 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.003 Pereira, 2008, Active object exploration in toddlers and its role in visual object recognition Pereira, 2009, Developmental changes in visual object recognition between 18 and 24 months of age, Developmental Science, 12, 67, 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00747.x Perone, 2008, The relation between infants’ activity with objects and attention to object appearance, Developmental Psychology, 44, 1242, 10.1037/0012-1649.44.5.1242 Pierce, 2001, Evidence for a cerebellar role in reduced exploration and stereotyped behavior in autism, Biological Psychiatry, 49, 655, 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01008-8 Poon, 2012, To what extent do joint attention, imitation, and object play behaviors in infancy predict later communication and intellectual functioning in ASD?, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 1064, 10.1007/s10803-011-1349-z Preacher, 2004, SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models, Behaviour Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 36, 717, 10.3758/BF03206553 Preacher, 2007, Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods and prescriptions, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42, 185, 10.1080/00273170701341316 Provost, 2007, A comparison of motor delays in young children: Autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and developmental concerns, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 321, 10.1007/s10803-006-0170-6 Pulvermüller, 2005, Brain mechanisms linking language and action, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 576, 10.1038/nrn1706 Pulvermüller, 2010, Active perception: Sensorimotor circuits as a cortical basis for language, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, 351, 10.1038/nrn2811 Richardson, 2003, Spatial representations activated during real-time comprehension of verbs, Cognitive Science, 27, 767, 10.1207/s15516709cog2705_4 Rochat, 1989, Object manipulation and exploration in 2- to 5-month-old infants, Developmental Psychology, 25, 871, 10.1037/0012-1649.25.6.871 Ruff, 1984, Infants’ manipulative exploration of objects: Effects of age and object characteristics, Developmental Psychology, 20, 9, 10.1037/0012-1649.20.1.9 Ruff, 1984, Preterm infants’ manipulative exploration of objects, Child Development, 55, 1166, 10.2307/1129985 Samuelson, 1999, Early noun vocabularies: Do ontology, category structure and syntax correspond?, Cognition, 73, 1, 10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00034-7 Sasaoka, 2010, Effect of active exploration of 3-D object views on the view-matching process in object recognition, Perception, 39, 289, 10.1068/p5721 Schlooz, 2006, Fragmented visuospatial processing in children with pervasive developmental disorder, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 1025, 10.1007/s10803-006-0140-z Scofield, 2009, Preschool children's multimodal word learning, Journal of Cognition and Development, 10, 306, 10.1080/15248370903417662 Smith, 2003, Learning to recognize objects, Psychological Science, 14, 244, 10.1111/1467-9280.03439 Smith, 2005, Cognition as a dynamic system: Principles from embodiment, Developmental Review, 25, 278, 10.1016/j.dr.2005.11.001 Smith, 2005, Action alters shape categories, Cognitive Science, 29, 665, 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_13 Smith, 2013, It's all connected: Pathways in visual object recognition and early noun learning, American Psychologist, 68, 618, 10.1037/a0034185 Smith, 2005, The development of embodied cognition: Six lessons from babies, Artificial Life, 11, 13, 10.1162/1064546053278973 Son, 2008, Simplicity and generalization: Short-cutting abstraction in children's object categorizations, Cognition, 108, 626, 10.1016/j.cognition.2008.05.002 Soska, 2010, Systems in development: Motor skill acquisition facilitates three-dimensional object completion, Developmental Psychology, 46, 129, 10.1037/a0014618 Stone, 2001, Predicting spoken language in children with autism spectrum disorders, Autism, 5, 341, 10.1177/1362361301005004002 Swinkels, 2006, Screening for autistic spectrum disorder in children aged 14 to 15 months: The development of the Early Screening for Autistic Traits questionnaire (ESAT), Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 723, 10.1007/s10803-006-0115-0 Thelen, 2000, Motor development as foundation and future of developmental psychology, International Journal of Behavioral Development, 24, 385, 10.1080/016502500750037937 Thelen, 2000, Grounded in the world: Developmental origins of the embodied mind, Infancy, 1, 3, 10.1207/S15327078IN0101_02 Toth, 2006, Early predictors of communication development in young children with autism spectrum disorder: Joint attention, imitation, and toy play, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 993, 10.1007/s10803-006-0137-7 Vlamings, 2010, Basic abnormalities in visual information processing affect face processing at an early age in autism spectrum disorder, Biological Psychiatry, 68, 1107, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.06.024 Wellsby, 2014, Developing embodied cognition: Insights from children's concepts and language processing, Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 506, 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00506 Wetherby, 2004, Early indicators of autism spectrum disorders in the second year of life, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 473, 10.1007/s10803-004-2544-y Wijnroks, 2003, Individual differences in postural control and cognitive development in preterm infants, Infant Behavior & Development, 26, 14, 10.1016/S0163-6383(02)00166-2 Williams, 1999, Children with autism experience problems with both objects and people, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 367, 10.1023/A:1023026810619 Yee, 2013, Manual experience shapes object representations, Psychological Science, 24, 909, 10.1177/0956797612464658 Zwaigenbaum, 2005, Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life, International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23, 143, 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.05.001