Comparative analysis of two rates

Statistics in Medicine - Tập 4 Số 2 - Trang 213-226 - 1985
Olli S. Miettinen1, Markku Nurminen2
1Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, U.S.A.
2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Occupational Health, Haartmaninkatu 1, 00290 Helsinki, Finland

Tóm tắt

AbstractIn this paper, we examine comparative analysis of rates with a view to each of the usual comparative parameters‐rate difference (RD), rate ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR)‐and with particular reference to first principles. For RD and RR we show the prevailing statistical practices to be rather poor. We stress the need for restricted estimation of variance in the chi‐square function underlying interval estimation (and also point estimation and hypothesis testing). For RR analysis we propose a chi‐square formulation analogous to that for RD and, thus, one which obviates the present practice of log transformation and its associated use of Taylor series approximation of the variance. As for OR analysis, we emphasize that the chi‐square function, introduced by Cornfield for unstratified data, and extended by Gart to the case of stratified analysis, is based on the efficient score and thus embodies its optimality properties. We provide simulation results to evince the better performance of the proposed (parameter‐constrained) procedures over the traditional ones.

Từ khóa


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Statistics in Medicine

Tập 4 Số 2

213-226

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