Red ginseng and 20(S)-Rg3 control testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia by deregulating androgen receptor signaling

Journal of Natural Medicines - Tập 66 - Trang 476-485 - 2011
Jung-Soo Bae1, Hyoung-Sook Park1, Jong-Wan Park1,2, Shan-Hua Li3,4, Yang-Sook Chun1,2,3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
3Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
4Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China

Tóm tắt

Since prostate growth is governed by the androgen signaling pathway, blockade of the pathway is regarded as an appropriate strategy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Panax ginseng is known to have various pharmacological activities. Of several products of its root, red ginseng, having many bioactive ginsenosides, is most popularly used in Korea, and recently has been reported to control the proliferation of cancer cells. We here tested the effect of a water extract of Korean red ginseng (WKRG) on testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia. WKRG (daily intraperitoneal injection) prevented prostate overgrowth and epithelial thickening induced by testosterone in rats, and suppressed a rat prostate kallikrein-S3. In human prostate cells, WKRG inhibited testosterone-induced cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle by inducing p21 and p27, and induced apoptosis. Testosterone-induced expression of human kallikrein-3 mRNA and activation of androgen receptor (AR) were effectively inhibited by WKRG. Of the major ginsenosides included in WKRG, 20(S)-Rg3 was identified to repress AR activity and to attenuate prostate cell growth during testosterone stimulation. Moreover, 20(S)-Rg3 downregulated AR by facilitating the degradation of AR protein. WKRG and 20(S)-Rg3 were found to have new pharmacological activities against testosterone-induced prostate overgrowth. Given that red ginseng has been used safely in Asia for 1000 years, red ginseng and 20(S)-Rg3 could be potential therapeutic regimens for treating BPH.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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