Getting to grips with the magnitude of exploitation: Bushmeat in the Cross–Sanaga rivers region, Nigeria and Cameroon

Biological Conservation - Tập 129 - Trang 497-510 - 2006
Julia E. Fa1, Sarah Seymour1, Jef Dupain2, Rajan Amin3, Lise Albrechtsen4, David Macdonald4
1Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5BP, UK
2Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Koningin Astridplein 26, 2018, Antwerp, Belgium
3Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW 4RY, UK
4Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK

Tài liệu tham khảo

Bennett, 2002, Wild meat consumption in Asian tropical forest countries: Is this a glimpse of the future for Africa?, 39 Bodmer, 2000, Community-based co-management of wildlife in the Peruvian Amazon, 395 Culverwell, J., 1998. Long-term recurrent costs of protected area management in Cameroon. Report to WWF-Cameroon and MINEF, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 1994, vol. 2 2001, vol. 6 Elliott, 2002 Fa, 2001, Commercial bushmeat hunting in the Monte Mitra forests, Equatorial Guinea: Extent and impact, Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 24, 31 Fa, 2001, Game vertebrate extraction in African and Neotropical forests: an intercontinental comparison, 203 Fa, 1997, Body size, diet and population density in Afrotropical forest mammals: a comparison with Neotropical sites, Journal of Animal Ecology, 66, 98, 10.2307/5968 Fa, 2001, Bushmeat markets in Bioko Island as a measure of hunting pressure, Conservation Biology, 14, 1602, 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99067.x Fa, 2002, Bushmeat exploitation in tropical forests: an intercontinental comparison, Conservation Biology, 16, 232, 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00275.x Fa, 2003, Bushmeat and food security in the Congo Basin: Linkages between wildlife and people’s future, Environmental Conservation, 30, 71, 10.1017/S0376892903000067 Fa, 2004, Sampling effort and dynamics of bushmeat markets, Animal Conservation, 7, 409, 10.1017/S136794300400160X Fa, 2005, Hunting vulnerability, ecological characteristics and harvest rates of bushmeat species in afrotropical forests, Biological Conservation, 121, 167, 10.1016/j.biocon.2004.04.016 Juste, 1995, Market dynamics of bushmeat species in Equatorial Guinea, Journal of Applied Ecology, 32, 454, 10.2307/2404644 Laporte, 1998, A new land cover map of central Africa derived from multi-resolution, multi-temporal AVHRR data, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19, 3537, 10.1080/014311698213803 Lewis, 2004, Fingerprinting the impacts of global change on tropical forests, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B, 359, 437, 10.1098/rstb.2003.1432 Mayaux, 2000, Le couvert forestier d’Afrique centrale: un nouvel état des lieux, Mededelingen der Zittingen Bulletin des Seances, 46, 475 Milner-Gulland, 2003, Wild meat: The bigger picture, TRENDS in Ecology & Evolution, 18, 351, 10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00123-X MINITAB, 2003. Meet MINITAB, Release 14 for Windows®. Minitab Inc., Pennsylvania, USA. National Population Commission, 1991. Census ’91: Final Results. Government of Nigeria, Cross River State, Nigeria. Nzouango, D., Willcox, A.S., 2001. Bushmeat extraction survey within the Banyangi and Mbo tribes in the southwest province of Cameroon. Wildlife Conservation Society, Yaounde, Cameroon (unpublished report). Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2000. Landscan Global Population Database. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA. Oates, 1995, The dangers of conservation by rural development – A case-study from the forests of Nigeria, Oryx, 29, 115, 10.1017/S0030605300020986 Oates, 1999 Oates, 2002 Peres, 2000, Effects of subsistence hunting on vertebrate community structure in Amazonian forests, Conservation Biology, 14, 240, 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98485.x Peres, 2003, Extent of nontimber resource extraction in tropical forests: Accessibility to game vertebrates by hunters in the Amazon Basin, Conservation Biology, 17, 521, 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01413.x PNUD, 2000a. Etudes socio-economiques regionales au Cameroun: Province du Sud-Ouest. DIRASSET-ITSD, Tunis. PNUD, 2000b. Etudes socio-economiques regionales au Cameroun, eradication de la pauvrete-amelioration des donnes sociales: Province du Littoral. DIRASSET-CIBLE, Tunis. Robinson, 2000 Robinson, 2000, Will alleviating poverty solve the bushmeat crisis?, Oryx, 36, 332 Robinson, 1999, Wildlife harvest in logged tropical forests, Science, 284, 595, 10.1126/science.284.5414.595 Struhsaker, 2005, Conserving Africa’s rain forests: Problems in protected areas and possible solutions, Biological Conservation, 123, 45, 10.1016/j.biocon.2004.10.007 The MathWorks Inc., 2004. MATLAB® 7.0.1. Natick, MA, USA. United Nations Development Programme, 2004. Human Development Report 2004: Cultural Liberty in Today’s Diverse World. United Nations Development Programme, New York. Vabi, 1999, A farming systems perspective to NWFP exploitation in the support zone of the Korup National Park of Cameroon: Determining the connections between the household and the forest, 180, 20 White, 1983, The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa, UNESCO, Natural Resources Research, 20, 1 Wilkie, 1999, Bushmeat hunting in the Congo Basin: An assessment of impacts and options for mitigation, Biodiversity and Conservation, 8, 927, 10.1023/A:1008877309871 Wilcox, A.S., 2002. The Extirpated Ark: the status of hunting in the Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctury. M.Sc thesis, University of Kent, UK. Woodroffe, 1998, Edge effects and the extinction of populations inside protected areas, Science, 280, 2126, 10.1126/science.280.5372.2126 World Resources Institute, 2005. Global Forest Watch. <http://www.globalforestwatch.org/english/> (accessed 01.12.04).