Forcing form and function: biomechanical regulation of tumor evolution

Paszek, 2004, The tension mounts: mechanics meets morphogenesis and malignancy, J. Mammary Gland. Biol. Neoplasia, 9, 325, 10.1007/s10911-004-1404-x Yang, 2000, Biomechanical regulation of human monocyte/macrophage molecular function, Am. J. Pathol., 156, 1797, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65051-1 Wells, 2008, Matrix elasticity, cytoskeletal tension, and TGF-beta: the insoluble and soluble meet, Sci. Signal., 1, pe13, 10.1126/stke.110pe13 Egeblad, 2005, The fibroblastic coconspirator in cancer progression, Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol., 70, 383, 10.1101/sqb.2005.70.007 Swartz, 2007, Interstitial flow and its effects in soft tissues, Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 9, 229, 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.9.060906.151850 Mantovani, 2008, Cancer-related inflammation, Nature, 454, 436, 10.1038/nature07205 Butcher, 2009, A tense situation: forcing tumour progression, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 9, 108, 10.1038/nrc2544 Gutierrez, 1999, Mechanical stretch modulates TGF-beta1 and alpha1(I) collagen expression in fetal human intestinal smooth muscle cells, Am. J. Physiol., 277, G1074 Prajapati, 2000, Mechanical loading regulates protease production by fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen substrates, Wound Repair Regen., 8, 226, 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2000.00226.x Toda, 2002, A new organotypic culture of thyroid tissue maintains three-dimensional follicles with C cells for a long term, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 294, 906, 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00561-2 Moore, 2002, Control of embryonic lung branching morphogenesis by the Rho activator, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1, J. Surg. Res., 104, 95, 10.1006/jsre.2002.6418 Miao, 2003, EphA kinase activation regulates HGF-induced epithelial branching morphogenesis, J. Cell Biol., 162, 1281, 10.1083/jcb.200304018 Butler, 2009, Cell shape changes indicate a role for extrinsic tensile forces in Drosophila germ-band extension, Nat. Cell Biol., 11, 859, 10.1038/ncb1894 Jaalouk, 2009, Mechanotransduction gone awry, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 10, 63, 10.1038/nrm2597 Fletcher, 2010, Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton, Nature, 463, 485, 10.1038/nature08908 Solon, 2007, Fibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft elastic substrates, Biophys. J., 93, 4453, 10.1529/biophysj.106.101386 Wang, 2002, Cell prestress. I. Stiffness and prestress are closely associated in adherent contractile cells, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 282, C606, 10.1152/ajpcell.00269.2001 Balgude, 2001, Agarose gel stiffness determines rate of DRG neurite extension in 3D cultures, Biomaterials, 22, 1077, 10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00350-1 Georges, 2006, Matrices with compliance comparable to that of brain tissue select neuronal over glial growth in mixed cortical cultures, Biophys. J., 90, 3012, 10.1529/biophysj.105.073114 Paszek, 2005, Tensional homeostasis and malignant phenotype, Cancer Cell, 8, 241, 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.08.010 Fettiplace, 2006, The sensory and motor roles of auditory hair cells, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 7, 19, 10.1038/nrn1828 Praetorius, 2005, A physiological view of the primary cilium, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 67, 515, 10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.101353 Vogel, 2006, Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 7, 265, 10.1038/nrm1890 del Rio, 2009, Stretching single talin rod molecules activates vinculin binding, Science, 323, 638, 10.1126/science.1162912 Sbrana, 2008, Role for stress fiber contraction in surface tension development and stretch-activated channel regulation in C2C12 myoblasts, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 295, C160, 10.1152/ajpcell.00014.2008 Salaita, 2010, Restriction of receptor movement alters cellular response: physical force sensing by EphA2, Science, 327, 1380, 10.1126/science.1181729 Paszek, 2009, Integrin clustering is driven by mechanical resistance from the glycocalyx and the substrate, PLoS Comput. Biol., 5, e1000604, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000604 Chu, 2004, Force measurements in E-cadherin-mediated cell doublets reveal rapid adhesion strengthened by actin cytoskeleton remodeling through Rac and Cdc42, J. Cell Biol., 167, 1183, 10.1083/jcb.200403043 Gao, 2006, Molecular mechanisms of cellular mechanics, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 8, 3692, 10.1039/b606019f DeNardo, 2008, Immune cells as mediators of solid tumor metastasis, Cancer Metastasis Rev., 27, 11, 10.1007/s10555-007-9100-0 Whiteside, 2006, The role of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, Cancer Treat. Res., 130, 103, 10.1007/0-387-26283-0_5 Hynes, 2009, The extracellular matrix: not just pretty fibrils, Science, 326, 1216, 10.1126/science.1176009 Borghi, 2009, Intercellular adhesion in morphogenesis: molecular and biophysical considerations, Curr. Top. Dev. Biol., 89, 1, 10.1016/S0070-2153(09)89001-7 Schwartz, 2008, Cell adhesion receptors in mechanotransduction, Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 20, 551, 10.1016/j.ceb.2008.05.005 Ingber, 2008, Can cancer be reversed by engineering the tumor microenvironment?, Semin. Cancer Biol., 18, 356, 10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.03.016 Helmlinger, 1997, Solid stress inhibits the growth of multicellular tumor spheroids, Nat. Biotechnol., 15, 778, 10.1038/nbt0897-778 Padera, 2004, Pathology: cancer cells compress intratumour vessels, Nature, 427, 695, 10.1038/427695a Volokh, 2006, Stresses in growing soft tissues, Acta Biomater., 2, 493, 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.04.002 Sarntinoranont, 2003, Interstitial stress and fluid pressure within a growing tumor, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 31, 327, 10.1114/1.1554923 Levental, 2009, Matrix crosslinking forces tumor progression by enhancing integrin signaling, Cell, 139, 891, 10.1016/j.cell.2009.10.027 Tlsty, 2006, Tumor stroma and regulation of cancer development, Annu. Rev. Pathol., 1, 119, 10.1146/annurev.pathol.1.110304.100224 Heldin, 2004, High interstitial fluid pressure – an obstacle in cancer therapy, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 4, 806, 10.1038/nrc1456 Chee, 2005, Interstitial fluid flow induces myofibroblast differentiation and collagen alignment in vitro, J. Cell Sci., 118, 4731, 10.1242/jcs.02605 Wyckoff, 2000, A critical step in metastasis: in vivo analysis of intravasation at the primary tumor, Cancer Res., 60, 2504 Wyckoff, 2007, Direct visualization of macrophage-assisted tumor cell intravasation in mammary tumors, Cancer Res., 67, 2649, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-1823 Condeelis, 2006, Macrophages: obligate partners for tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis, Cell, 124, 263, 10.1016/j.cell.2006.01.007 Lohela, 2010, Intravital imaging of stromal cell dynamics in tumors, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 20, 72, 10.1016/j.gde.2009.10.011 Kumar, 2009, Mechanics, malignancy, and metastasis: the force journey of a tumor cell, Cancer Metastasis Rev., 28, 113, 10.1007/s10555-008-9173-4 Liang, 2008, Hydrodynamic shear rate regulates melanoma-leukocyte aggregation, melanoma adhesion to the endothelium, and subsequent extravasation, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 36, 661, 10.1007/s10439-008-9445-8 Nguyen, 2009, Metastasis: from dissemination to organ-specific colonization, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 9, 274, 10.1038/nrc2622 Joyce, 2009, Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 9, 239, 10.1038/nrc2618 Erler, 2009, Three-dimensional context regulation of metastasis, Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 26, 35, 10.1007/s10585-008-9209-8 Kostic, 2009, Differential matrix rigidity response in breast cancer cell lines correlates with the tissue tropism, PLoS One, 4, e6361, 10.1371/journal.pone.0006361 Lam, 2010, Extracellular matrix rigidity modulates neuroblastoma cell differentiation and N-myc expression, Mol. Cancer, 9, 35, 10.1186/1476-4598-9-35 Pathi, 2010, A novel 3-D mineralized tumor model to study breast cancer bone metastasis, PLoS One, 5, e8849, 10.1371/journal.pone.0008849 Vakonakis, 2007, Extracellular matrix: from atomic resolution to ultrastructure, Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 19, 578, 10.1016/j.ceb.2007.09.005 Buehler, 2006, Nature designs tough collagen: explaining the nanostructure of collagen fibrils, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 103, 12285, 10.1073/pnas.0603216103 Kass, 2007, Mammary epithelial cell: influence of extracellular matrix composition and organization during development and tumorigenesis, Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 39, 1987, 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.06.025 Provenzano, 2006, Collagen reorganization at the tumor-stromal interface facilitates local invasion, BMC Med., 4, 38, 10.1186/1741-7015-4-38 Provenzano, 2008, Collagen density promotes mammary tumor initiation and progression, BMC Med., 6, 11, 10.1186/1741-7015-6-11 Egeblad, 2002, New functions for the matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2, 161, 10.1038/nrc745 Sabeh, 2009, Secreted versus membrane-anchored collagenases: relative roles in fibroblast-dependent collagenolysis and invasion, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 23001, 10.1074/jbc.M109.002808 Lo, 2000, Cell movement is guided by the rigidity of the substrate, Biophys. J., 79, 144, 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5 Hadjipanayi, 2009, Guiding cell migration in 3D: a collagen matrix with graded directional stiffness, Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 66, 121, 10.1002/cm.20331 Arnold, 2010, Lack of host SPARC enhances vascular function and tumor spread in an orthotopic murine model of pancreatic carcinoma, Dis. Model Mech., 3, 57, 10.1242/dmm.003228 Klotzsch, 2009, Fibronectin forms the most extensible biological fibers displaying switchable force-exposed cryptic binding sites, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106, 18267, 10.1073/pnas.0907518106 Oldberg, 2007, Collagen-binding proteoglycan fibromodulin can determine stroma matrix structure and fluid balance in experimental carcinoma, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 104, 13966, 10.1073/pnas.0702014104 Wipff, 2007, Myofibroblast contraction activates latent TGF-beta1 from the extracellular matrix, J. Cell Biol., 179, 1311, 10.1083/jcb.200704042 Bierie, 2010, Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and inflammation in cancer, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev., 21, 49, 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2009.11.008 Giampieri, 2009, Localized and reversible TGFbeta signalling switches breast cancer cells from cohesive to single cell motility, Nat. Cell Biol., 11, 1287, 10.1038/ncb1973 Yung, 2009, Cyclic tensile strain triggers a sequence of autocrine and paracrine signaling to regulate angiogenic sprouting in human vascular cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106, 15279, 10.1073/pnas.0905891106 Smith, 2001, Cyclic stretch induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in vascular smooth muscle cells, Endothelium, 8, 41, 10.3109/10623320109063156 Petrigliano, 2007, The effects of local bFGF release and uniaxial strain on cellular adaptation and gene expression in a 3D environment: implications for ligament tissue engineering, Tissue Eng., 13, 2721, 10.1089/ten.2006.0434 Brown, 2010, Effect of substrate stiffness and PDGF on the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for atherosclerosis, J. Cell Physiol., 225, 115, 10.1002/jcp.22202 Suresh, 2007, Biomechanics and biophysics of cancer cells, Acta Biomater., 3, 413, 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.04.002 Cross, 2008, AFM-based analysis of human metastatic cancer cells, Nanotechnology, 19, 384003, 10.1088/0957-4484/19/38/384003 Baker, 2009, Extracellular matrix stiffness and architecture govern intracellular rheology in cancer, Biophys J., 97, 1013, 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.05.054 Park, 2005, Cell motility and local viscoelasticity of fibroblasts, Biophys J., 89, 4330, 10.1529/biophysj.104.053462 Leporatti, 2006, Elasticity and adhesion of resting and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, FEBS Lett., 580, 450, 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.12.037 Ghosh, 2008, Tumor-derived endothelial cells exhibit aberrant Rho-mediated mechanosensing and abnormal angiogenesis in vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 105, 11305, 10.1073/pnas.0800835105 Karnoub, 2007, Mesenchymal stem cells within tumour stroma promote breast cancer metastasis, Nature, 449, 557, 10.1038/nature06188 Patsialou, 2009, Invasion of human breast cancer cells in vivo requires both paracrine and autocrine loops involving the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor, Cancer Res., 69, 9498, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-1868 Isenberg, 2009, Vascular smooth muscle cell durotaxis depends on substrate stiffness gradient strength, Biophys J., 97, 1313, 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021 Gaggioli, 2007, Fibroblast-led collective invasion of carcinoma cells with differing roles for RhoGTPases in leading and following cells, Nat. Cell Biol., 9, 1392, 10.1038/ncb1658 Egeblad, 2008, Visualizing stromal cell dynamics in different tumor microenvironments by spinning disk confocal microscopy, Dis. Model Mech., 1, 155, 10.1242/dmm.000596 Hu, 2008, Molecular characterisation of the tumour microenvironment in breast cancer, Eur. J. Cancer, 44, 2760, 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.09.038 Baker, 2010, The biomechanical integrin, J. Biomech., 43, 38, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.007 Zhong, 1997, Rho-stimulated contractility contributes to the fibroblastic phenotype of Ras-transformed epithelial cells, Mol. Biol. Cell, 8, 2329, 10.1091/mbc.8.11.2329 Fritz, 1999, Rho GTPases are over-expressed in human tumors, Int. J. Cancer, 81, 682, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990531)81:5<682::AID-IJC2>3.0.CO;2-B Bellizzi, 2008, RhoA protein expression in primary breast cancers and matched lymphocytes is associated with progression of the disease, Int. J. Mol. Med., 22, 25 Bos, 2007, GEFs and GAPs: critical elements in the control of small G proteins, Cell, 129, 865, 10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.018 Engers, 2000, Tiam1 mutations in human renal-cell carcinomas, Int. J. Cancer, 88, 369, 10.1002/1097-0215(20001101)88:3<369::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-K Sahai, 2002, RHO-GTPases and cancer, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2, 133, 10.1038/nrc725 Morishige, 2008, GEP100 links epidermal growth factor receptor signalling to Arf6 activation to induce breast cancer invasion, Nat. Cell Biol., 10, 85, 10.1038/ncb1672 Lambert, 2002, Tiam1 mediates Ras activation of Rac by a PI(3)K-independent mechanism, Nat. Cell Biol., 4, 621, 10.1038/ncb833 Gillet, 2010, Mechanisms of multidrug resistance in cancer, Methods Mol. Biol., 596, 47, 10.1007/978-1-60761-416-6_4 Minchinton, 2006, Drug penetration in solid tumours, Nat. Rev. Cancer., 6, 583, 10.1038/nrc1893 Zahir, 2004, Death in the third dimension: apoptosis regulation and tissue architecture, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 14, 71, 10.1016/j.gde.2003.12.005 Baguley, 2010, Multidrug resistance in cancer, Methods Mol. Biol., 596, 1, 10.1007/978-1-60761-416-6_1 Keung, 2010, Presentation counts: microenvironmental regulation of stem cells by biophysical and material cues, Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 26, 533, 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100109-104042 Quintana, 2008, Efficient tumour formation by single human melanoma cells, Nature, 456, 593, 10.1038/nature07567 Lathia, 2010, Integrin alpha 6 regulates glioblastoma stem cells, Cell Stem Cell, 6, 421, 10.1016/j.stem.2010.02.018 Taddei, 2008, Beta1 integrin deletion from the basal compartment of the mammary epithelium affects stem cells, Nat. Cell Biol., 10, 716, 10.1038/ncb1734 Kirkland, 2008, Alpha2beta1 integrin regulates lineage commitment in multipotent human colorectal cancer cells, J. Biol. Chem., 283, 27612, 10.1074/jbc.M802932200 Kawaguchi-Ihara, 2008, Promotion of the self-renewal capacity of human acute leukemia cells by Wnt3A, Anticancer Res., 28, 2701 Reedijk, 2008, Activation of Notch signaling in human colon adenocarcinoma, Int. J. Oncol., 33, 1223 Michael, 2008, Bmi1 is required for hedgehog pathway-driven medulloblastoma expansion, Neoplasia, 10, 1343, 10.1593/neo.81078 Colmone, 2008, Leukemic cells create bone marrow niches that disrupt the behavior of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells, Science, 322, 1861, 10.1126/science.1164390 Gilbertson, 2007, Making a tumour's bed: glioblastoma stem cells and the vascular niche, Nat Rev Cancer., 7, 733, 10.1038/nrc2246 Liu, 2008, The postoperative brain tumour stem cell (BTSC) niche and cancer recurrence, Adv Ther., 25, 389, 10.1007/s12325-008-0050-x Sneddon, 2007, Location, location, location: the cancer stem cell niche, Cell Stem Cell, 1, 607, 10.1016/j.stem.2007.11.009 Whitehead, 2008, Mechanical factors activate beta-catenin-dependent oncogene expression in APC mouse colon, HFSP J., 2, 286, 10.2976/1.2955566 Desprat, 2008, Tissue deformation modulates twist expression to determine anterior midgut differentiation in Drosophila embryos, Dev. Cell, 15, 470, 10.1016/j.devcel.2008.07.009 Lee, 2006, Wnt/Frizzled signaling controls C. elegans gastrulation by activating actomyosin contractility, Curr. Biol., 16, 1986, 10.1016/j.cub.2006.08.090 Samani, 2003, Measuring the elastic modulus of ex vivo small tissue samples, Phys. Med. Biol., 48, 2183, 10.1088/0031-9155/48/14/310 Gefen, 2007, Mechanics of the normal woman's breast, Technol. Health Care, 15, 259, 10.3233/THC-2007-15404 Ebihara, 2000, Changes in extracellular matrix and tissue viscoelasticity in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Temporal aspects, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 162, 1569, 10.1164/ajrccm.162.4.9912011 Zysset, 1999, Elastic modulus and hardness of cortical and trabecular bone lamellae measured by nanoindentation in the human femur, J. Biomech., 32, 1005, 10.1016/S0021-9290(99)00111-6 Odgaard, 1991, The underestimation of Young's modulus in compressive testing of cancellous bone specimens, J. Biomech., 24, 691, 10.1016/0021-9290(91)90333-I Wells, 2008, The role of matrix stiffness in regulating cell behavior, Hepatology, 47, 1394, 10.1002/hep.22193 Yeh, 2002, Elastic modulus measurements of human liver and correlation with pathology, Ultrasound Med. Biol., 28, 467, 10.1016/S0301-5629(02)00489-1 Guck, 2005, Optical deformability as an inherent cell marker for testing malignant transformation and metastatic competence, Biophys. J., 88, 3689, 10.1529/biophysj.104.045476 Tan, 2008, Viscoelastic behaviour of human mesenchymal stem cells, BMC Cell Biol., 9, 40, 10.1186/1471-2121-9-40 Rosenbluth, 2006, Force microscopy of nonadherent cells: a comparison of leukemia cell deformability, Biophys. J., 90, 2994, 10.1529/biophysj.105.067496