Cultural differences in emotions: a context for interpreting emotional experiences

Abu-Lughod, 1986 Anderson, 1996, Derriere les “gris-gris”, un univers africain…divin, Regards Africains, 38, 20 Berenbaum, 1999, Disturbances in emotion, 267 Briggs, 1970 Bruner, 1986 Cohen, 1996, Law, social policy, and violence: the impact of regional cultures, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 961, 10.1037/0022-3514.70.5.961 Cohen, 1999, “When you call me that, smile!” How norms for politeness, interaction styles, and aggression work together in Southern culture, Social Psychology Quarterly, 62, 257, 10.2307/2695863 Cohen, 2001, Cultural variation: considerations and implications, Psychological Bulletin, 127, 451, 10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.451 Cohen, 1994, Self-protection and the culture of honor: explaining southern violence, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 551, 10.1177/0146167294205012 Cohen, 1997, Field experiments examining the culture of honor: the role of institutions in perpetuating norms about violence, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 1188, 10.1177/01461672972311006 Cohen, 1996, Insult, aggression, and the southern culture of honor: an experimental ethnography, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 945, 10.1037/0022-3514.70.5.945 Condon, 1985 D’Andrade, 1987, A folk model of the mind, 112 Ekman, 1987, Universals and cultural differences in the judgements of facial expressions of emotion, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 712, 10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.712 Elliott, 2001, A cross-cultural analysis of avoidance (relative to approach) personal goals, Psychological Science, 12, 505, 10.1111/1467-9280.00393 Ellsworth, 1994, Sense,culture, and sensibility Feldman Barrett, 1998, The future of emotion research, Affect Scientist, 12, 6 Feldman Barrett, 2001 Feldman Barrett, 1998, Independence and bipolarity in the structure of current affect, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 967, 10.1037/0022-3514.74.4.967 Feldman Barrett, 1999, The structure of current affect: controversies and emerging consensus, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8, 10, 10.1111/1467-8721.00003 Fiske, 1998, The cultural matrix of social psychology, Vol. 2, 915 Frijda, 1986 Heelas, 1984, Emotions across cultures: objectivity and cultural divergence, 21 Heine, 2001, Divergent consequences of success and failure in Japan and North America: an investigation of self-improving motivations and malleable selves, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 599, 10.1037/0022-3514.81.4.599 Heine, 1999, Is there a universal need for positive self-regard, Psychological Review, 106, 766, 10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.766 Higgins, 1997, Emotional responses to goal attainment: strength of regulatory focus as a moderator, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 515, 10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.515 Hochschild, 1995, What is the American dream, 15 Hofstede, 2001 Idzelis, 2002, Cultural differences in emotional coping: American and Japanese responses to offense Izard, 1994, Innate and universal facial expressions: evidence from developmental and cross-cultural research, Psychological Bulletin, 115, 288, 10.1037/0033-2909.115.2.288 Jenkins, 1994, Culture, emotion, and psychopathology Jenkins, 1996, Culture, emotion, and PTSD, 165 Karasawa, 2001, Nihonnjinnni okeru jitano ninnshiki: Jikohihan baiasuto tasyakouyou baiasu, Japanese Journal of Psychology, 72, 198 Kitayama, 1994 Kitayama, 1999, Yin and yang of the Japanese self: the cultural psychology of personality coherence, 242 Kitayama, 2000, Culture, emotion, and well-being: good feelings in Japan and the United States, Cognition and Emotion, 14, 93, 10.1080/026999300379003 Kitayama, 1997, Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: self-enhancement in the US and self-criticism in Japan, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1245, 10.1037/0022-3514.72.6.1245 Kring, 2001, Emotion and psychopathology, 337 Lang, 1988, What are the data of emotion?, Vol. 44, 173 Lebra, 1992, Self in Japanese culture Lee, 2000, The pleasures and pains of distinct self-construals: the role of interdependence in regulatory focus, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1122, 10.1037/0022-3514.78.6.1122 Levy, 1973 Lewis, 1995 Lutz, 1987, Goals, events, and understanding in Ifaluk emotion theory Lutz, 1988, Ethnographic perspectives on the emotion lexicon, 399 Markus, 1991, Culture and self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation, Psychological Review, 98, 224, 10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224 Markus, 1996, Culture and “basic” psychological principles, 857 Markus, 1997, Selfways: Diversity in modes of cultural participation, 13 Matsumoto, 1988, Antecedents of and reactions to emotions in the United States and Japan, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 19, 267, 10.1177/0022022188193001 Mauro, 1992, The role of appraisal in human emotions: A cross-cultural study, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 301, 10.1037/0022-3514.62.2.301 Mesquita, 2001, Culture and emotion. Different approaches to the question, 214 Mesquita, B. Emotions as dynamic cultural phenomena. In R. Davidson, H. Goldsmith, & P. Rozin (Eds.), The handbook of the affective sciences. New York: Oxford University Press, in press. Mesquita, 2001, The role of culture in appraisal, 233 Mesquita, 1992, Cultural variations in emotions: a review, Psychological Bulletin, 112, 179, 10.1037/0033-2909.112.2.179 Mesquita, 1997, Culture and emotion, Vol. 2, 255 Mesquita, 2002, Different emotional lives, Cognition and Emotion, 16, 127, 10.1080/0269993014000176 Mesquita, B., Karasawa, M., & Chu, R. L. Predictors of pleasantness in three cultures: A comparison between the United States, Japan, and Taiwan. Winston-Salem: Wake Forest University, in preparation. Mesquita, B., Karasawa, M., Haire, A., Izumi, S. The emotion process as a function of cultural models: A comparison between American, Mexican, and Japanese cultures, in preparation. Mesquita, B., & Markus, H. R., Culture and emotion: models of agency as sources of cultural variation in emotion. In: N. H. Frijda, A. S. R. Manstead, & A. H. Fischer (Eds.), Feelings and emotions: The Amsterdam symposium, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, in press. Mesquita, B. G. d. (1993). Cultural variations in emotions. A comparative study of Dutch, Surainamese, and Turkish people in the Netherlands. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Morling, 1999, Cultural differences in influencing the environment and adjusting to the environment: are there independent and collective styles of control Murthy, 2001 Nisbett, 2001, Culture and systems of thought: holistic vs analytic cognition, Psychological Review, 108, 291, 10.1037/0033-295X.108.2.291 Oettingen, 1994, Causality, agency, control beliefs in East versus West Berlin children: a natural experiment on the role of context, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 579, 10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.579 Offiong, 1991 Oishi, S., & Diener, E. (2001). Culture and well-being: the cycle of action, evaluation, and decision. University of Minnesota, submitted for publication. Peng, 1999, Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction, American Psychologist, 54, 741, 10.1037/0003-066X.54.9.741 Peristiany, 1966, Honour and shame in a Cypriot highland, 171 Russell, 1983, Pancultural aspects of the human conceptual organization of emotions, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1281, 10.1037/0022-3514.45.6.1281 Sanchez-Burks, 2000, Cultural styles, relational schemas, and prejudice against out-groups, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 174, 10.1037/0022-3514.79.2.174 Scherer, 1984, Emotion as a multicomponent process: a model and some cross-cultural data, Vol. 5, 37 Scherer, 1997, Profiles of emotion-antecedent appraisal: testing theoretical predictions across cultures, Cognition and Emotion, 11, 113, 10.1080/026999397379962 Scherer, 1997, The role of culture in emotion-antecedent appraisal, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 902, 10.1037/0022-3514.73.5.902 Scherer, 1988, Emotional experience in cultural context: a comparison between Europe, Japan, and the US, 5 Scherer, 2001 Suh, 1998, The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: emotion versus norms, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 482, 10.1037/0022-3514.74.2.482 Tanaka-Matsumi, 1997, Culture and psychopathology, Vol 3, 449 Triandis, 1984, Simpatia as a cultural script of Hispanics, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1363, 10.1037/0022-3514.47.6.1363 Tsai, 1997, Cultural influences on emotional responding: Chinese American and European American dating couples during the interpersonal conflict, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28, 600, 10.1177/0022022197285006 Weisz, 1984, Standing out and standing in: the psychology of control in America and Japan, American Psychologist, 39, 955, 10.1037/0003-066X.39.9.955 Wierzbicka, 1992, Defining emotion concepts, Cognitive Science, 16, 539, 10.1207/s15516709cog1604_4 Wooding, 1979