Novel postsulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-block-poly(ether sulfone)s as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells: Design, preparation and properties

Kerres, 2001, Development of ionomer membranes for fuel cells, J. Membr. Sci., 185, 3, 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00631-1 Hickner, 2004, Alternative polymer systems for proton exchange membranes (PEMs), Chem. Rev., 104, 4587, 10.1021/cr020711a Winter, 2004, What are batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors?, Chem. Rev., 104, 4245, 10.1021/cr020730k Higashihara, 2009, Sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon polymers as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells, Polymer, 50, 5341, 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.001 Inzelt, 2000, Electron and proton conducting polymers: recent developments and prospects, Electrochim. Acta, 45, 2403, 10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00329-7 Alberti, 2001, Polymeric proton conducting membranes for medium temperature fuel cells (110–160°C), J. Membr. Sci., 185, 73, 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00635-9 Zaidi, 2000, Proton conducting composite membranes from polyether ether ketone and heteropolyacids for fuel cell applications, J. Membr. Sci., 173, 17, 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00345-8 Kaliaguine, 2003, Properties of SPEEK based PEMs for fuel cell application, Catal. Today, 82, 213, 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00235-9 Robertson, 2003, Casting solvent interactions with sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) during proton exchange membrane fabrication, J. Membr. Sci., 219, 113, 10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00193-5 Xing, 2004, Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for proton exchange membranes, J. Membr. Sci., 229, 95, 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.019 Kerres, 1999, Synthesis and characterization of novel acid–base polymer blends for application in membrane fuel cells, Solid State Ionics, 125, 243, 10.1016/S0167-2738(99)00181-2 Nolte, 1993, Partially sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)—a versatile proton conducting membrane material for modern energy conversion technologies, J. Membr. Sci., 83, 211, 10.1016/0376-7388(93)85268-2 Gao, 2005, Synthesis of copoly(aryl ether ether nitrile)s containing sulfonic acid groups for PEM application, Macromolecules, 38, 3237, 10.1021/ma047572e Liu, 2008, Poly(aryl ether ketone)s with carboxylic acid groups: synthesis, sulfonation and crosslinking, J. Mater. Chem., 18, 4675, 10.1039/b806690f Liu, 2007, Aromatic poly(ether ketone)s with pendant sulfonic acid phenyl groups prepared by a mild sulfonation method for proton exchange membranes, Macromolecules, 40, 1934, 10.1021/ma061705+ Kreuer, 2001, On the development of proton conducting polymer membranes for hydrogen and methanol fuel cells, J. Membr. Sci., 185, 29, 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00632-3 Ghassemi, 2006, Multiblock sulfonated-fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, Polymer, 47, 4132, 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.038 Li, 2007, Synthesis and characterization of partially fluorinated hydrophobic–hydrophilic multiblock copolymers containing sulfonate groups for proton exchange membrane, J. Power Sources, 172, 30, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.04.046 Lee, 2007, Segmented sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)-b-polyimide copolymers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. I. Copolymer synthesis and fundamental properties, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 45, 4879, 10.1002/pola.22238 Norsten, 2006, Highly fluorinated comb-shaped copolymers as proton exchange membranes (PEMs): improving PEM properties through rational design, Adv. Funct. Mater., 16, 1814, 10.1002/adfm.200500763 Yue, 2007, Crosslinkable fully aromatic poly(aryl ether ketone)s bearing macrocycle of aryl ether ketone, Polymer, 48, 4715, 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.071 Carothers, 1929, Studies on polymerization and ring formation. I. An inrtoduction to the general theory of condensation polymers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 51, 2548, 10.1021/ja01383a041 Takamuku, 2009, Synthesis and characterization of postsulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) diblock copolymers for proton exchange membranes, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 47, 700, 10.1002/pola.23181 Roy, 2008, Hydrophilic–hydrophobic multiblock copolymers based on poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as novel proton exchange membranes – Part B, Polymer, 49, 5037, 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.08.046 Lee, 2008, Hydrophilic–hydrophobic multiblock copolymers based on poly(arylene ether sulfone) via low-temperature coupling reactions for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, Polymer, 49, 715, 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.12.023 Kopitzke, 2000, Conductivity and water uptake of aromatic-based proton exchange membrane electrolytes, J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, 1677, 10.1149/1.1393417 Guo, 2010, Preparation of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)s containing amino groups/epoxy resin composite membranes and their in situ crosslinking for application in fuel cells, J. Power Sources, 195, 11, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.07.025 Asano, 2006, Aliphatic/aromatic polyimide ionomers as a proton conductive membrane for fuel cell applications, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 1762, 10.1021/ja0571491