Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness: The Cardiovascular Risk Factor Multiple Evaluation in Latin America (CARMELA) Study Results

Cerebrovascular Diseases - Tập 31 Số 1 - Trang 43-50 - 2011
Pierre‐Jean Touboul1, Éric Vicaut2, Julien Labreuche3, Mónica Acevedo4, Victor Torres5, Jesus Ramirez-Martinez6, Raúl Vinueza7, Honorio Silva8, Beatriz Champagne9, Rafael Hernández-Hernández10, Elinor Wilson11, Hermán Schargrodsky12
1INSERM U-698, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Bichat Claude Bernard University,
2Clinical Research Unit and Department of Biostatistics, Fernand Widal University Hospital, and
3INSERM U-698, Bichat Hospital and Medical School, Paris, France
4Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
5Cardiology Department, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, and
6Medical Research Unit on Clinical Epidemiology, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
7Clinical Protocol Manager Canada/Latin America/Africa/Middle East Region Worldwide Development Operations, Pfizer Inc., and
8InterAmerican Foundation for Clinical Research, New York, N.Y.,
9InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Dallas, Tex., USA
10Clinical Pharmacology Unit and Hypertension Clinic, School of Medicine, Universidad Centroccidental "Lisandro Alvarado," Decanato de Medicina, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
11Department of Community and Preventive Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, N.Y., and
12Department of Cardiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Tóm tắt

<i>Background:</i> Measurement of far wall common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCAIMT) has emerged as a predictor of incident cardiovascular events. The Cardiovascular Risk Factor Multiple Evaluation in Latin America (CARMELA) study was the first large-scale population-based assessment of both CCAIMT and cardiovascular risk factor prevalence in 7 Latin American cities; the relationship between CCAIMT and cardiovascular risk markers was assessed in these urban Latin American centers. <i>Methods:</i> CARMELA was across-sectional, population-based, observational study using stratified, multistage sampling. The participants completed a questionnaire, were evaluated in a clinical visit and underwent carotid ultrasonography. Clinical measurements were obtained by health personnel trained, certified and supervised by CARMELA investigators. Mannheim intima-media thickness consensus guidelines were followed for measurement of CCAIMT. <i>Results:</i> In all cities and for both sexes, CCAIMT increased with higher age. CCAIMT was greater in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors than in their absence. In all cities, there was a statistically significant linear trend between increasing CCAIMT and a growing number of cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.001). After adjustment for age and sex, metabolic syndrome was strongly associated with increased CCAIMT (p < 0.001 in all cities), as were hypercholesterolemia, obesity and diabetes (p < 0.001 in most cities). By multivariate analysis, hypertension was independently associated with an increase in CCAIMT in all cities (p < 0.01). <i>Conclusions:</i> CARMELA was the first large-scale population study to provide normal CCAIMT values according to age and sex in urban Latin American populations and to show CCAIMT increases in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome.

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Cerebrovascular Diseases

Tập 31 Số 1

43-50

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