Bioactive molecules in Kalanchoe pinnata leaves: extraction, purification, and identification
Tóm tắt
Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (syn. Bryophyllum pinnatum; family Crassulaceae) is a popular plant used in traditional medicine in many temperate regions of the world and particularly in South America. In Guyana, the leaves are traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic to treat coughs, ulcers, and sores. The purpose of this study was to implement a method for targeting and identifying molecules with antimicrobial activity, which could replace chemical preservatives in cosmetic applications. The leaves were extracted by a method based on pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), using different solvents. A study of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity tests were performed to select the most interesting extract. To isolate one or more active molecules, the selected crude extract was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) and then antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of each fraction were tested under the same procedure. The last step consisted of identifying the main compounds in the most active fraction by LC-MS/MS.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Pal S, Chaudhuri AKN (1991) Studies on the anti-ulcer activity of a Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol 33:97–102
Muzitano MF, Tinoco LW, Guette C, Kaiser CR, Rossi-Bergmann B, Costa SS (2006) The antileishmanial activity assessment of unusual flavonoids from Kalanchoe pinnata. Phytochemistry 67:2071–2077
Yadav NP, Dixit VK (2003) Hepatoprotective activity of leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata Pers. J Ethnopharmacol 86:197–202
Ojewole JAO (2005) Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae) leaf aqueous extract. J Ethnopharmacol 99:13–19
Akinpelu DA (2000) Antimicrobial activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves. Fitoterapia 71:193–194
Benthin B, Danz H, Hamburger M (1999) Pressurized liquid extraction of medicinal plants. J Chromatogr A 837:211–219
Conte E, Milani R, Morali G, Abballe F (1997) Comparison between accelerated solvent extraction and traditional extraction methods for the analysis of the herbicide diflufenican in soil. J Chromatogr A 765:121–125
Sánchez-Rabaneda F, Jáuregui O, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Viladomat F, Bastida J, Codina C (2004) Qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds in apple pomace using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in tandem mode. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18:553–563
Arimboor R, Kumar KS, Arumughan C (2008) Simultaneous estimation of phenolic acids in sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) using RP-HPLC with DAD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 47:31–38
Bonaccorsi P, Caristi C, Gargiulli C, Leuzzi U (2008) Flavonol glucosides in Allium species: a comparative study by means of HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS-MS. Food Chem 107:1668–1673
Lhuillier A, Fabre N, Moyano F, Martins N, Claparols C, Fourasté I, Moulis C (2007) Comparison of flavonoid profiles of Agauria salicifolia (Ericaceae) by liquid chromatography-UV diode array detection-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1160:13–20
Ola SS, Catia G, Marzia I, Francesco VF, Afolabi AA, Nadia M (2009) HPLC/DAD/MS characterisation and analysis of flavonoids and cynnamoil derivatives in four Nigerian green-leafy vegetables. Food Chem 115:1568–1574
Tiberti LA, Yariwake JH, Ndjoko K, Hostettmann K (2007) Identification of flavonols in leaves of Maytenus ilicifolia and M aquifolium (Celastraceae) by LC/UV/MS analysis. J Chromatogr B 846:378–384
Bérot S, Le Goff E, Foucault A, Quillien L (2007) Centrifugal partition chromatography as a tool for preparative purification of pea albumin with enhanced yields. J Chromatogr B 845:205–209
Berthod A, Ruiz-Angel MJ, Carda-Broch S (2003) Elution extrusion countercurrent chromatography. Use of the liquid nature of the stationary phase to extend the hydrophobicity window. Anal Chem 75:5886–5894
Foucault AP, Chevolot L (1998) Counter-current chromatography: instrumentation, solvent selection and some recent applications to natural product purification. J Chromatogr A 808:3–22
Marston A, Borel C, Hostettmann K (1988) Separation of natural products by centrifugal partition chromatography. J Chromatogr 450:91–99
Marston A, Hostettmann K (2006) Developments in the application of counter-current chromatography to plant analysis. J Chromatogr A 1112:181–194
Destandau E, Toribio A, Lafosse M, Pecher V, Lamy C, André P (2009) Centrifugal partition chromatography directly interfaced with mass spectrometry for the fast screening and fractionation of major xanthones in Garcina mangostana. J Chromatogr A 1216:1390–1394
Orth DS, Eck KS (2005) Use of triphenyltetrazolium chloride in preservative efficacy testing. Int J Cosmet Sci 27:353–353
Andersen OM, Markham KR (eds) (2005) Flavonoids: chemistry, biochemistry and applications. CRC, Boca Raton, FL