1Key Laboratory for Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
2Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
3Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
4Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
5Department of Urology, Pingyi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi, China
6Department of Surgery, Zhucheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhucheng, China
7Department of Urology, Fei County People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
8Department of Urology, Juxian People’s Hospital, Rizhao, China
9Department of Urology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China
10Department of Urology, Yinan People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
11Department of Urology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
12Department of Urology, Dingxi People’s Hospital, Dingxi, China
13Department of Information Management, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
14Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer Assisted Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China