Adipose tissue renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and progression of insulin resistance
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abadir, 2011, The frail renin–angiotensin system, Clin. Geriatr. Med., 27, 53, 10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.004
Achard, 2007, Renin receptor expression in human adipose tissue, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 292, R274, 10.1152/ajpregu.00439.2005
Achard, 2011, Expression and nutritional regulation of the (pro)renin receptor in rat visceral adipose tissue, J. Endocrinol. Invest., 34, 840
Adams, 2002, Age-related changes of renin–angiotensin system genes in white adipose tissue of rats, Horm. Metab. Res., 34, 716, 10.1055/s-2002-38238
Aguilar, 2004, Hypersensitivity of the adrenal cortex to trophic and secretory effects of angiotensin II in Lyon genetically-hypertensive rats, Hypertension, 43, 87, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000107194.44040.d4
Ahima, 2000, Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 11, 327, 10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00301-5
Alligier, 2012, Subcutaneous adipose tissue remodeling during the initial phase of weight gain induced by overfeeding in humans, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 97, E183, 10.1210/jc.2011-2314
Araki, 2006, Telmisartan prevents obesity and increases the expression of uncoupling protein 1 in diet-induced obese mice, Hypertension, 48, 51, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000225402.69580.1d
Arner, 1990, Beta-adrenoceptor expression in human fat cells from different regions, J. Clin. Invest., 86, 1595, 10.1172/JCI114880
Arner, 1991, Expression of lipoprotein lipase in different human subcutaneous adipose tissue regions, J. Lipid Res., 32, 423, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)42065-6
Aubert, 1997, Regulation by glucocorticoids of angiotensinogen gene expression and secretion in adipose cells, Biochem. J., 328, 701, 10.1042/bj3280701
Aubert, 1998, Insulin down-regulates angiotensinogen gene expression and angiotensinogen secretion in cultured adipose cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 250, 77, 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9185
Azekoshi, 2010, Free fatty acid causes leukocyte activation and resultant endothelial dysfunction through enhanced angiotensin II production in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells, Hypertension, 56, 136, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.153056
Bays, 2007, Adiposopathy: treating pathogenic adipose tissue to reduce cardiovascular disease risk, Curr. Treat. Options Cardiovasc. Med., 9, 259, 10.1007/s11936-007-0021-6
Benson, 2004, Identification of telmisartan as a unique angiotensin II receptor antagonist with selective PPAR gamma-modulating activity, Hypertension, 43, 993, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000123072.34629.57
Bergman, 1998, Central role of the adipocyte in insulin resistance, J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol., 9, 205, 10.1515/JBCPP.1998.9.2-4.205
Boney, 2001, Src family tyrosine kinases participate in insulin-like growth factor I mitogenic signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, Cell Growth Differ., 12, 379
Boschmann, 2001, Metabolic and hemodynamic response of adipose tissue to angiotensin II, Obes. Res., 9, 486, 10.1038/oby.2001.63
Boustany, 2004, Activation of the systemic and adipose renin–angiotensin system in rats with diet-induced obesity and hypertension, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 287, R943, 10.1152/ajpregu.00265.2004
Brucher, 2007, Larger anti-adipogenic effect of angiotensin II on omental preadipose cells of obese humans, Obesity (Silver Spring), 15, 1643, 10.1038/oby.2007.196
Caprio, 2011, Antiadipogenic effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist drospirenone: potential implications for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, Endocrinology, 152, 113, 10.1210/en.2010-0674
Caprio, 2007, Pivotal role of the mineralocorticoid receptor in corticosteroid-induced adipogenesis, FASEB J., 21, 2185, 10.1096/fj.06-7970com
Carey, 2003, Newly recognized components of the renin–angiotensin system: potential roles in cardiovascular and renal regulation, Endocr. Rev., 24, 261, 10.1210/er.2003-0001
Carranza, 1991, Decreased insulin receptor number and affinity in subcutaneous adipose tissue in a patient with primary hyperaldosteronism, Rev. Clin. Esp., 188, 414
Cassis, 1992, Downregulation of the renin–angiotensin system in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, Am. J. Physiol., 262, E105
Cassis, 1994, Angiotensin II in brown adipose tissue from young and adult Zucker obese and lean rats, Am. J. Physiol., 266, E453
Cassis, 2004, Differential effects of local versus systemic angiotensin II in the regulation of leptin release from adipocytes, Endocrinology, 145, 169, 10.1210/en.2003-0767
Cassis, 2008, Local adipose tissue renin–angiotensin system, Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 10, 93, 10.1007/s11906-008-0019-9
Cassis, 1988, Location and regulation of rat angiotensinogen messenger RNA, Hypertension, 11, 591, 10.1161/01.HYP.11.6.591
Cassis, 2010, Angiotensin receptors as determinants of life span, Pflugers Arch.-European J. Physiol., 459, 325, 10.1007/s00424-009-0725-4
Chen, 1992, Androgen-dependent angiotensinogen and renin messenger RNA expression in hypertensive rats, Hypertension, 19, 456, 10.1161/01.HYP.19.5.456
Clasen, 2005, PPARgamma-activating angiotensin type-1 receptor blockers induce adiponectin, Hypertension, 46, 137, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000168046.19884.6a
Cooper, 2007, Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and oxidative stress in cardiovascular insulin resistance, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 293, H2009, 10.1152/ajpheart.00522.2007
Crandall, 1999, Angiotensin II receptors in human preadipocytes: role in cell cycle regulation, Endocrinology, 140, 154, 10.1210/en.140.1.154
Crandall, 1994, Distribution of angiotensin-Ii receptors in rat and human adipocytes, J. Lipid Res., 35, 1378, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40079-3
Csibi, 2010, Angiotensin II inhibits insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and Akt activation through tyrosine nitration-dependent mechanisms, PLoS ONE, 5, e10070, 10.1371/journal.pone.0010070
Dall’Asta, 2009, Effect of weight loss through laparoscopic gastric banding on blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels in morbid obesity, Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis., 19, 110, 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.06.001
Darimont, 1994, Differentiation of preadipose cells - paracrine role of prostacyclin upon stimulation of adipose-cells by angiotensin-Ii, Endocrinology, 135, 2030, 10.1210/en.135.5.2030
Daugherty, 2000, Angiotensin II promotes atherosclerotic lesions and aneurysms in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, J. Clin. Invest., 105, 1605, 10.1172/JCI7818
de Kloet, 2009, The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition using captopril on energy balance and glucose homeostasis, Endocrinology, 150, 4114, 10.1210/en.2009-0065
de Kloet, 2011, Central angiotensin II has catabolic action at white and brown adipose tissue, Am. J. Physiolo. Endocrinol. Metab., 301, E1081, 10.1152/ajpendo.00307.2011
de Kloet, 2010, The renin–angiotensin system and the metabolic syndrome, Physiol. Behav., 100, 525, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.03.018
Deshaies, 1993, Tissue-specific alterations in lipoprotein lipase activity in the rat after chronic infusion of isoproterenol, Horm. Metab. Res., 25, 13, 10.1055/s-2007-1002036
Dowling, 1995, Insulin resistance in adipocytes of obese women: effects of body fat distribution and race, Metab. Clin. Exp., 44, 987, 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90094-2
Ehrhart-Bornstein, 2004, Fat cells may be the obesity-hypertension link: human adipogenic factors stimulate aldosterone secretion from adrenocortical cells, Endocr. Res., 30, 865, 10.1081/ERC-200044122
Engeli, 2005, Weight loss and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, Hypertension, 45, 356, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000154361.47683.d3
Engeli, 2006, Influence of salt intake on renin–angiotensin and natriuretic peptide system genes in human adipose tissue, Hypertension, 48, 1103, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000248837.88749.18
English, 1999, Facilitation of sympathetic neurotransmission contributes to angiotensin regulation of body weight, J. Neural Transm., 106, 631, 10.1007/s007020050185
Fallo, 2006, Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 91, 454, 10.1210/jc.2005-1733
Faloia, 2002, Comparison of circulating and local adipose tissue renin–angiotensin system in normotensive and hypertensive obese subjects, J. Endocrinol. Invest., 25, 309, 10.1007/BF03344010
Ferrario, 2005, Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, Circulation, 111, 2605, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.510461
Fowler, 2009, Regulated renin release from 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 296, E1383, 10.1152/ajpendo.00025.2009
Fowler, 2009, Renin dynamics in adipose tissue: adipose tissue control of local renin concentrations, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 296, E343, 10.1152/ajpendo.90693.2008
Frederich, 1992, Tissue-specific nutritional regulation of angiotensinogen in adipose tissue, Hypertension, 19, 339, 10.1161/01.HYP.19.4.339
Fuentes, 2010, The anti-adipogenic effect of angiotensin II on human preadipose cells involves ERK1,2 activation and PPARG phosphorylation, J. Endocrinol., 206, 75, 10.1677/JOE-10-0049
Fujisaka, 2011, Telmisartan improves insulin resistance and modulates adipose tissue macrophage polarization in high-fat-fed mice, Endocrinology, 152, 1789, 10.1210/en.2010-1312
Furuhashi, 2003, Blockade of the renin–angiotensin system increases adiponectin concentrations in patients with essential hypertension, Hypertension, 42, 76, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000078490.59735.6E
Furuhashi, 2004, Blockade of the renin–angiotensin system decreases adipocyte size with improvement in insulin sensitivity, J. Hypertens., 22, 1977, 10.1097/00004872-200410000-00021
Furukawa, 2004, Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome, J. Clin. Invest., 114, 1752, 10.1172/JCI21625
Gembardt, 2005, Organ-specific distribution of ACE2 mRNA and correlating peptidase activity in rodents, Peptides, 26, 1270, 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.01.009
Giacchetti, 2002, Overexpression of the renin–angiotensin system in human visceral adipose tissue in normal and overweight subjects, Am. J. Hypertens., 15, 381, 10.1016/S0895-7061(02)02257-4
Giacchetti, 2007, Aldosterone as a key mediator of the cardiometabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism: an observational study, J. Hypertens., 25, 177, 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3280108e6f
Goodfriend, 2004, Epoxy-keto derivative of linoleic acid stimulates aldosterone secretion, Hypertension, 43, 358, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000113294.06704.64
Goodfriend, 1999, Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women, Obes. Res., 7, 355, 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1999.tb00418.x
Goossens, 2011, Increased adipose tissue oxygen tension in obese compared with lean men is accompanied by insulin resistance, impaired adipose tissue capillarization, and inflammation, Circulation, 124, 67, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.027813
Goossens, 2007, Angiotensin II: a hormone that affects lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, Int. J. Obes., 31, 382, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803388
Goossens, 2007, Endocrine role of the renin–angiotensin system in human adipose tissue and muscle: effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation, Hypertension, 49, 542, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000256091.55393.92
Goossens, 2006, Angiotensin II: a major regulator of subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow in humans, J. Physiol., 571, 451, 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.101352
Guo, 2008, Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade reverses obesity-related changes in expression of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and proinflammatory adipokines, Circulation, 117, 2253, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.748640
Gupte, 2008, ACE2 is expressed in mouse adipocytes and regulated by a high-fat diet, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 295, R781, 10.1152/ajpregu.00183.2008
Hainault, 2002, Adipose tissue-specific increase in angiotensinogen expression and secretion in the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 282, E59, 10.1152/ajpendo.2002.282.1.E59
Hamdy, 2006, Metabolic obesity: the paradox between visceral and subcutaneous fat, Curr. Diabetes Rev., 2, 367, 10.2174/1573399810602040367
Harrison, 2003, Role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis, Am. J. Cardiol., 91, 7A, 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)03144-2
Harte, 2003, Insulin increases angiotensinogen expression in human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes, Diabetes Obes. Metab., 5, 462, 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00274.x
Hayden, 2011, Possible mechanisms of local tissue renin–angiotensin system activation in the cardiorenal metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, Cardiorenal Med., 1, 193, 10.1159/000329926
He, 2011, Regulation of HIF-1 alpha activity in adipose tissue by obesity-associated factors: adipogenesis, insulin, and hypoxia, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 300, E877, 10.1152/ajpendo.00626.2010
Henegar, 2008, Adipose tissue transcriptomic signature highlights the pathological relevance of extracellular matrix in human obesity, Genome Biol., 9, R14, 10.1186/gb-2008-9-1-r14
Hosain, 2010, Racial differences in the association between body fat distribution and lipid profiles among reproductive-age women, Diabetes Metab., 36, 278, 10.1016/j.diabet.2010.01.010
Hosogai, 2007, Adipose tissue hypoxia in obesity and its impact on adipocytokine dysregulation, Diabetes, 56, 901, 10.2337/db06-0911
Hotamisligil, 2006, Inflammation and metabolic disorders, Nature, 444, 860, 10.1038/nature05485
Iacobellis, 2010, Adipokines and cardiometabolic profile in primary hyperaldosteronism, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 95, 2391, 10.1210/jc.2009-2204
Iwai, 2009, Role of renin–angiotensin system in adipose tissue dysfunction, Hypertens. Res., 32, 425, 10.1038/hr.2009.55
Iwai, 2009, AT2 receptor deficiency attenuates adipocyte differentiation and decreases adipocyte number in atherosclerotic mice, Am. J. Hypertens., 22, 784, 10.1038/ajh.2009.85
Jain, 2005, A single-nucleotide polymorphism in human angiotensinogen gene is associated with essential hypertension and affects glucocorticoid induced promoter activity, J. Mol. Med. Jmm, 83, 121, 10.1007/s00109-004-0621-5
Jandeleit-Dahm, 2005, Why blockade of the renin–angiotensin system reduces the incidence of new-onset diabetes, J. Hypertens., 23, 463, 10.1097/01.hjh.0000160198.05416.72
Janke, 2002, Mature adipocytes inhibit in vitro differentiation of human preadipocytes via angiotensin type 1 receptors, Diabetes, 51, 1699, 10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1699
Jayasooriya, 2008, Mice lacking angiotensin-converting enzyme have increased energy expenditure, with reduced fat mass and improved glucose clearance, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 6531, 10.1073/pnas.0802690105
Jones, 1997, Angiotensinogen gene expression in adipose tissue: analysis of obese models and hormonal and nutritional control, Am. J. Physiol., 273, R236
Jonsson, 1994, The expression and localisation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA in human adipose tissue, Blood Press., 3, 72, 10.3109/08037059409101524
Kadowaki, 2006, Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome, J. Clin. Invest., 116, 1784, 10.1172/JCI29126
Kalupahana, 2012, Overproduction of angiotensinogen from adipose tissue induces adipose inflammation, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance, Obesity (Silver Spring), 20, 48, 10.1038/oby.2011.299
Karlsson, 1998, Human adipose tissue expresses angiotensinogen and enzymes required for its conversion to angiotensin II, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 83, 3925, 10.1210/jc.83.11.3925
Khan, 2009, Metabolic dysregulation and adipose tissue fibrosis: role of collagen VI, Mol. Cell. Biol., 29, 1575, 10.1128/MCB.01300-08
Kim, 2006, The adipose renin–angiotensin system modulates systemic markers of insulin sensitivity and activates the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system, J. Biomed. Biotechnol., 27012
Kouyama, 2005, Attenuation of diet-induced weight gain and adiposity through increased energy expenditure in mice lacking angiotensin II type 1a receptor, Endocrinology, 146, 3481, 10.1210/en.2005-0003
Krskova, 2011, J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 62, 403
Krug, 2007, Human adipocytes induce an ERK1/2 MAP kinases-mediated upregulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and an angiotensin II-sensitization in human adrenocortical cells, Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 31, 1605, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803642
Kurata, 2006, Blockade of Angiotensin II type-1 receptor reduces oxidative stress in adipose tissue and ameliorates adipocytokine dysregulation, Kidney Int., 70, 1717, 10.1038/sj.ki.5001810
Lambert, 2005, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase (ADAM17) mediates regulated ectodomain shedding of the severe-acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), J. Biol. Chem., 280, 30113, 10.1074/jbc.M505111200
Lamounier-Zepter, 2006, Fat tissue metabolism and adrenal steroid secretion, Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 8, 30, 10.1007/s11906-006-0038-3
Lastra, 2008, Low-dose spironolactone reduces reactive oxygen species generation and improves insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle in the TG(mRen2)27 rat, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 295, E110, 10.1152/ajpendo.00258.2007
Lee, 2008, Angiotensin receptor blockers improve insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats by modulating adipose tissue, Kidney Int., 74, 890, 10.1038/ki.2008.313
Lee, 2009, Alteration of perivascular adipose tissue function in angiotensin II-induced hypertension, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 87, 944, 10.1139/Y09-088
Limor, R., Moataz, U., Knoll, E. and Stern, N., 2012. Aldosterone increases oxidative stress in differentiated but not in undifferentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activation of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. In International Congress of Endocrinology, p Abstract. Florence.
Liu, 2011, Angiotensin-(1-7) suppresses oxidative stress and improves glucose uptake via Mas receptor in adipocytes, Acta Diabetol.
Lonnroth, 1992, Intermediary metabolism with an emphasis on lipid metabolism, adipose tissue, and fat cell metabolism: a review
Lu, 2010, Mechanisms for perivascular adipose tissue-mediated potentiation of vascular contraction to perivascular neuronal stimulation: the role of adipocyte-derived angiotensin II, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 634, 107, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.02.006
Lu, 2007, Angiotensin II increases adipose angiotensinogen expression, Am. J. Physiol. – Endocrinol. Metab., 292, E1280, 10.1152/ajpendo.00277.2006
Ma, 2011, Angiotensin type 1 receptor modulates macrophage polarization and renal injury in obesity, Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol., 300, F1203, 10.1152/ajprenal.00468.2010
Mallow, 2000, Production of angiotensin II receptors type one (AT1) and type two (AT2) during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, Horm. Metab. Res., 32, 500, 10.1055/s-2007-978676
Marzolla, 2012, The role of the mineralocorticoid receptor in adipocyte biology and fat metabolism, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 350, 281, 10.1016/j.mce.2011.09.011
Massiera, F., Bloch-Faure, M., Ceiler, D., Murakami, K., Fukamizu, A., Gasc, J.M., Quignard-Boulange, A., Negrel, R., Ailhaud, G., Seydoux, J., et al. 2001a. Adipose angiotensinogen is involved in adipose tissue growth and blood pressure regulation. FASEB Journal 15 2727-+.
Massiera, 2001, Angiotensinogen-deficient mice exhibit impairment of diet-induced weight gain with alteration in adipose tissue development and increased locomotor activity, Endocrinology, 142, 5220, 10.1210/en.142.12.5220
Masuzaki, 2001, A transgenic model of visceral obesity and the metabolic syndrome, Science, 294, 2166, 10.1126/science.1066285
Masuzaki, 2003, Transgenic amplification of glucocorticoid action in adipose tissue causes high blood pressure in mice, J. Clin. Investig., 112, 83, 10.1172/JCI17845
Mathai, 2008, Selective reduction in body fat mass and plasma leptin induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in rats, Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 32, 1576, 10.1038/ijo.2008.126
Matrozova, 2009, Fasting plasma glucose and serum lipids in patients with primary aldosteronism: a controlled cross-sectional study, Hypertension, 53, 605, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.122002
Matsubara, 1998, Pathophysiological role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in cardiovascular and renal diseases, Circ. Res., 83, 1182, 10.1161/01.RES.83.12.1182
McGehee, 1993, Differentiation-specific element: a cis-acting developmental switch required for the sustained transcriptional expression of the angiotensinogen gene during hormonal-induced differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to adipocytes, Mol. Endocrinol., 7, 551, 10.1210/me.7.4.551
Moan, 1996, Metabolic and adrenergic characteristics of young men with insulin resistance, Blood Press. Suppl., 1, 30
Munoz, 2009, Long-term treatment with an angiotensin II receptor blocker decreases adipocyte size and improves insulin signaling in obese Zucker rats, J. Hypertens., 27, 2409, 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283310e1b
Nagase, 2006, Enhanced aldosterone signaling in the early nephropathy of rats with metabolic syndrome: possible contribution of fat-derived factors, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 17, 3438, 10.1681/ASN.2006080944
Nguyen, 2011, Renin and prorenin receptor in hypertension: what’s new?, Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 13, 79, 10.1007/s11906-010-0172-9
Ogihara, 2002, Angiotensin II-induced insulin resistance is associated with enhanced insulin signaling, Hypertension, 40, 872, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000040262.48405.A8
Ozbey, 2002, Body fat distribution and cardiovascular disease risk factors in pre- and postmenopausal obese women with similar BMI, Endocr. J., 49, 503, 10.1507/endocrj.49.503
Pan, 1997, Skeletal muscle triglyceride levels are inversely related to insulin action, Diabetes, 46, 983, 10.2337/diab.46.6.983
Pasarica, 2009, Adipose tissue collagen VI in obesity, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 94, 5155, 10.1210/jc.2009-0947
Pasarica, 2009, Reduced adipose tissue oxygenation in human obesity: evidence for rarefaction, macrophage chemotaxis, and inflammation without an angiogenic response, Diabetes, 58, 718, 10.2337/db08-1098
Police, 2009, Obesity promotes inflammation in periaortic adipose tissue and angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 29, 10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.192658
Pouliot, 1991, Regional variation in adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity: association with plasma high density lipoprotein levels, Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 21, 398, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01387.x
Rahmouni, 2004, Adipose depot-specific modulation of angiotensinogen gene expression in diet-induced obesity, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 286, E891, 10.1152/ajpendo.00551.2003
Rask, 2002, Tissue-specific changes in peripheral cortisol metabolism in obese women: increased adipose 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 87, 3330, 10.1210/jc.87.7.3330
Rausch, 2008, Obesity in C57BL/6J mice is characterized by adipose tissue hypoxia and cytotoxic T-cell infiltration, Int. J. Obes., 32, 451, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803744
Rondinone, 1993, Aldosterone stimulated differentiation of mouse 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes, Endocrinology, 132, 2421, 10.1210/en.132.6.2421
Rosen, 2005, The transcriptional basis of adipocyte development, Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent Fatty Acids, 73, 31, 10.1016/j.plefa.2005.04.004
Safonova, 1997, Regulation by fatty acids of angiotensinogen gene expression in preadipose cells, Biochem. J., 322, 235, 10.1042/bj3220235
Saiki, 2008, Suppression of lipoprotein lipase expression in 3T3-L1 cells by inhibition of adipogenic differentiation through activation of the renin–angiotensin system, Metab. Clin. Exp., 57, 1093, 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.03.014
Saiki, 2006, The angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan enhances lipoprotein lipase mass in preheparin serum in type 2 diabetes with hypertension, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 74, 242, 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.04.004
Santos, 2003, Angiotensin-(1–7) is an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor Mas, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 100, 8258, 10.1073/pnas.1432869100
Santos, 2008, Mas deficiency in FVB/N mice produces marked changes in lipid and glycemic metabolism, Diabetes, 57, 340, 10.2337/db07-0953
Saranteas, 2003, Effect of Losartan on Insulin Plasma Concentrations and LPL Activity in Adipose Tissue of Hypertensive Rats, Horm. Metab. Res., 35, 168
Sarzani, 2008, Angiotensin II stimulates and atrial natriuretic peptide inhibits human visceral adipocyte growth, Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 32, 259, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803724
Sarzani, 2008, Renin–angiotensin system, natriuretic peptides, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension: an integrated view in humans, J. Hypertens., 26, 831, 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f624a0
Saye, 1989, Angiotensinogen gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 256, C448, 10.1152/ajpcell.1989.256.2.C448
Sbarbati, 2006, Obesity and inflammation: evidence for an elementary lesion, Pediatrics, 117, 220, 10.1542/peds.2004-2854
Seidell, 2001, Waist and hip circumferences have independent and opposite effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Quebec Family Study, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 315, 10.1093/ajcn/74.3.315
Serazin-Leroy, 2000, Androgen regulation and site specificity of angiotensinogen gene expression and secretion in rat adipocytes, Am. J. Physiol. – Endocrinol. Metab., 279, E1398, 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.6.E1398
Serazin, 2004, CAMP-positive regulation of angiotensinogen gene expression and protein secretion in rat adipose tissue, Am. J. Physiol. – Endocrinol. Metab., 286, E434, 10.1152/ajpendo.00188.2003
Sharma, 2002, Angiotensin blockade prevents type 2 diabetes by formation of fat cells, Hypertension, 40, 609, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000036448.44066.53
Shimabukuro, 2007, Effects of telmisartan on fat distribution in individuals with the metabolic syndrome, J. Hypertens., 25, 841, 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3280287a83
Shiuchi, 2004, Angiotensin II type-1 receptor blocker valsartan enhances insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscles of diabetic mice, Hypertension, 43, 1003, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000125142.41703.64
Soltis, 1991, Influence of perivascular adipose tissue on rat aortic smooth muscle responsiveness, Clin. Exp. Hypertens. Part A, Theory and Pract., 13, 277, 10.3109/10641969109042063
Stern, 2007, Hypoadiponectinemia as a marker of adipocyte dysfunction–Part II: The functional significance of low adiponectin secretion, J. Cardiometab. Syndr., 2, 288, 10.1111/j.1559-4564.2007.07297.x
Stucchi, 2009, Aliskiren reduces body-weight gain, adiposity and plasma leptin during diet-induced obesity, Br. J. Pharmacol., 158, 771, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00355.x
Sui, 2010, Renin–angiotensin system activation in renal adipogenesis, Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 298, F391, 10.1152/ajprenal.00445.2009
Szasz, 2012, Perivascular adipose tissue: more than just structural support, Clin. Sci., 122, 1, 10.1042/CS20110151
Takahashi, 2007, Increased energy expenditure, dietary fat wasting, and resistance to diet-induced obesity in mice lacking renin, Cell Metab., 6, 506, 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.10.011
Takemori, 2007, Elevated blood pressure in transgenic lipoatrophic mice and altered vascular function, Hypertension, 49, 365, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000255576.16089.b9
Tam, 2011, Adipose tissue remodeling in children: the link between collagen deposition and age-related adipocyte growth, Obesity, 19, S79
Tanaka, 2011, Mast cells function as an alternative modulator of adipogenesis through 15-deoxy-delta-12, 14-prostaglandin J(2), Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 301, C1360, 10.1152/ajpcell.00514.2010
Thatcher, 2009, The adipose renin–angiotensin system: role in cardiovascular disease, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 302, 111, 10.1016/j.mce.2009.01.019
Tocci, 2011, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers and diabetes: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled clinical trials, Am. J. Hypertens., 24, 582, 10.1038/ajh.2011.8
Tomono, 2008, Blockade of AT1 receptor improves adipocyte differentiation in atherosclerotic and diabetic models, Am. J. Hypertens., 21, 206, 10.1038/ajh.2007.50
Tondu, 2005, Insulin and angiotensin II induce the translocation of scavenger receptor class B, type I from intracellular sites to the plasma membrane of adipocytes, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 33536, 10.1074/jbc.M502392200
Townsend, 2003, Angiotensin and insulin resistance. Conspiracy theory, Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 5, 110, 10.1007/s11906-003-0066-1
Tsuchiya, 2006, Angiotensin II induces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression via a nuclear factor-kappa B-dependent pathway in rat preadipocytes, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 291, E771, 10.1152/ajpendo.00560.2005
Tuck, 1981, The effect of weight reduction on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone levels in obese patients, N. Engl. J. Med., 304, 930, 10.1056/NEJM198104163041602
Turban, 2001, Molecular and cellular mechanisms of adipose secretion: comparison of leptin and angiotensinogen, J. Cell. Biochem., 82, 666, 10.1002/jcb.1187
Vague, 1956, The degree of masculine differentiation of obesities: a factor determining predisposition to diabetes, atherosclerosis, gout, and uric calculous disease, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 4, 20, 10.1093/ajcn/4.1.20
van Harmelen, 2000, Increased adipose angiotensinogen gene expression in human obesity, Obes. Res., 8, 337, 10.1038/oby.2000.40
Wahrenberg, 1989, Mechanisms underlying regional differences in lipolysis in human adipose tissue, J. Clin. Invest., 84, 458, 10.1172/JCI114187
Wang, 2005, Expression and secretion of inflammation-related adipokines by human adipocytes differentiated in culture: integrated response to TNF-α, American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology And Metabolism, 288, E731, 10.1152/ajpendo.00475.2004
Weiland, 2008, Variety of angiotensin receptors in 3T3-L1 preadipose cells and differentiated adipocytes, Horm. Metab. Res., 40, 760, 10.1055/s-0028-1082041
Williams, 1997, Regional fat distribution in women and risk of cardiovascular disease, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 855, 10.1093/ajcn/65.3.855
Xing, 2012, Adrenal cell aldosterone production is stimulated by very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), Endocrinology, 153, 721, 10.1210/en.2011-1752
Yasue, 2010, Adipose tissue-specific regulation of angiotensinogen in obese humans and mice. Impact of nutritional status and adipocyte hypertrophy, Am. J. Hypertens., 23, 425, 10.1038/ajh.2009.263
Ye, 2007, Hypoxia is a potential risk factor for chronic inflammation and adiponectin reduction in adipose tissue of ob/ob and dietary obese mice, Am. J. Physiol. – Endocrinol. Metab., 293, E1118, 10.1152/ajpendo.00435.2007
Ye, 2009, Expression changes of angiotensin II pathways and bioactive mediators during human preadipocytes-visceral differentiation, Metab. Clin. Exp., 58, 1288, 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.04.014
Yiannikouris, 2012, Adipocyte-specific deficiency of angiotensinogen decreases plasma angiotensinogen concentration and systolic blood pressure in mice, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 302, R244, 10.1152/ajpregu.00323.2011
Yim, 2008, Femoral-gluteal subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissues have independent and opposing relationships with CVD risk, J. Appl. Physiol., 104, 700, 10.1152/japplphysiol.01035.2007
Yokota, 2000, Adiponectin, a new member of the family of soluble defense collagens, negatively regulates the growth of myelomonocytic progenitors and the functions of macrophages, Blood, 96, 1723, 10.1182/blood.V96.5.1723
Yvan-Charvet, 2007, In vivo evidence for a role of adipose tissue SR-BI in the nutritional and hormonal regulation of adiposity and cholesterol homeostasis, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 27, 1340, 10.1161/ATVBAHA.106.136382
Yvan-Charvet, 2005, Deletion of the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) reduces adipose cell size and protects from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, Diabetes, 54, 991, 10.2337/diabetes.54.4.991
Yvan-Charvet, 2009, Deficiency of Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Rescues Obesity But Not Hypertension Induced by Overexpression of Angiotensinogen in Adipose Tissue, Endocrinology, 150, 1421, 10.1210/en.2008-1120
Zhang, 2012, Increased Susceptibility to Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Offspring of Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Autoantibody-Positive Rats, Antioxid Redox Signal, 10.1089/ars.2011.4365
Zheng, 2012, Pathogenic role of mast cells in the development of diabetic nephropathy: a study of patients at different stages of the disease, Diabtologia, 55, 801, 10.1007/s00125-011-2391-2
Zhu, 2011, Silencing of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha gene attenuated angiotensin II-induced renal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats, Hypertension, 58, 657, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.177626