Percutaneous Stone Manipulation

Goodwin, W. E., Casey, W. C. and Woolf, W.: Percutaneous trocar (needle) nephrostomy in hydronephrosis. J.A.M.A., 157: 891, 1955. Fernström, I. and Johansson, B.: Percutaneous pyelolithotomy. A new extraction technique. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 10: 257, 1976. Kurth, K. H., Hohenfellner, R. and Altwein, J. E.: Ultrasound litholapaxy of a staghorn calculus. J. Urol., 117: 242, 1977. Rathert, P., Stumpff, U., Pohlman, R. and Lutzeyer, W.: Ultra-schall-Lithotripsie von Ureter- und Nierensteinen: experimentelle und erste klinische Untersuchungen. Verhand. Dtsch. Ges. Urol., 28: 365, 1977. Nemoy, N. J. and Stamey, T. A.: Surgical, bacteriological, and biochemical management of “infection stones”. J.A.M.A., 215: 1470, 1971. Rupel, E. and Brown, R.: Nephroscopy with removal of stone following nephrostomy for obstructive calculous anuria. J. Urol., 46: 177, 1941. Brantley, R. G. and Shirley, S. W.: U-tube nephrostomy: an aid in the postoperative removal of retained renal stones. J. Urol., 111: 7, 1974. Bissada, N. K, Meacham, K. R. and Redman, J. F.: Nephrostoscopy with removal of renal pelvic calculi. J. Urol., 112: 414, 1974. Harris, R. D., McLaughlin, A. P., III and Harrel, J. H.: Percutaneous nephroscopy using fiberoptic bronchoscope. Removal of renal calculus. Urology, 6: 367, 1975. Karamcheti, A. and O'Donnell, W. F.: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an innovative extraction technique. J. Urol., 118: 671, 1977. Palestrant, A. M., Sacks, B. A. and Klein, L. A.: Postoperative percutaneous kidney stone extraction. Radiology, 134: 778, 1980.