Molecular machinery for non-vesicular trafficking of ceramide

Chen, Y. A. & Scheller, R. H. SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2, 98–106 (2001)

Zerial, M. & McBride, H. Rab proteins as membrane organizers. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2, 107–117 (2001)

Voelker, D. R. in Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes 4th edn (eds Vance, D. E. & Vance, J.) 449–482 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2002)

van Meer, G. & Holthuis, J. C. M. Sphingolipid transport in eukaryotic cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1486, 145–170 (2000)

Maxfield, F. R. & Wüstner, D. Intracellular cholesterol transport. J. Clin. Invest. 110, 891–898 (2002)

Hanada, K. et al. Mammalian cell mutants resistant to a sphingomyelin-directed cytolysin. Genetic and biochemical evidence for complex formation of the LCB1 protein with the LCB2 protein for serine palmitoyltransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33787–33794 (1998)

Fukasawa, M., Nishijima, M. & Hanada, K. Genetic evidence for ATP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi apparatus trafficking of ceramide for sphingomyelin synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J. Cell Biol. 144, 673–685 (1999)

Funakoshi, T., Yasuda, S., Fukasawa, M., Nishijima, M. & Hanada, K. Reconstitution of ATP- and cytosol-dependent transport of de novo synthesized ceramide to the site of sphingomyelin synthesis in semi-intact cells. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 29938–29945 (2000)

Yasuda, S. et al. A novel inhibitor of ceramide trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the site of sphingomyelin synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 43994–44002 (2001)

Ohvo-Rekilä, H., Ramstedt, B., Leppimäki, P. & Slotte, J. P. Cholesterol interactions with phospholipids in membranes. Prog. Lipid Res. 41, 66–97 (2002)

Fukasawa, M., Nishijima, M., Itabe, H., Takano, T. & Hanada, K. Reduction of sphingomyelin level without accumulation of ceramide in Chinese hamster ovary cells affects detergent-resistant membrane domains and enhances cellular cholesterol efflux to methyl-β-cyclodextrin. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 34028–34034 (2000)

Raya, A., Revert, F., Navarro, S. & Saus, J. Characterization of a novel type of serine/threonine kinase that specifically phosphorylates the human goodpasture antigen. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 12642–12649 (1999)

Raya, A. et al. Goodpasture antigen-binding protein, the kinase that phosphorylates the goodpasture antigen, is an alternatively spliced variant implicated in autoimmune pathogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 40392–40399 (2000)

Pagano, R. E., Martin, O. C., Kang, H. C. & Haugland, R. P. A novel fluorescent ceramide analogue for studying membrane traffic in animal cells: Accumulation at the Golgi apparatus results in altered spectral properties of the sphingolipid precursor. J. Cell Biol. 113, 1267–1279 (1991)

Ponting, C. P. & Aravind, L. START: a lipid-binding domain in StAR, HD-ZIP and signalling proteins. Trends Biochem. Sci. 24, 130–132 (1999)

Levine, T. P. & Munro, S. Targeting of Golgi-specific pleckstrin homology domains involves both PtdIns 4-kinase-dependent and -independent components. Curr. Biol. 12, 695–704 (2002)

Kallen, C. B. et al. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) is a sterol transfer protein. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 26285–26288 (1998)

Tsujishita, Y. & Hurley, J. H. Structure and lipid transport mechanism of a StAR-related domain. Nature Struct. Biol. 7, 408–414 (2000)

Akeroyd, R., Moonen, P., Westerman, J., Puyk, W. C. & Wirtz, K. W. The complete primary structure of the phosphatidylcholine-transfer protein from bovine liver. Isolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides. Eur. J. Biochem. 114, 385–391 (1981)

Simon, C. G. Jr, Holloway, P. W. & Gear, A. R. Exchange of C16-ceramide between phospholipid vesicles. Biochemistry 38, 14676–14682 (1999)

Dowler, S. et al. Identification of pleckstrin-homology-domain-containing proteins with novel phosphoinositide-binding specificities. Biochem. J. 351, 19–31 (2000)

Nakano, A. & Muramatsu, M. A novel GTP-binding protein, Sar1p, is involved in transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. J. Cell Biol. 109, 2677–2691 (1989)

Kuge, O. et al. Sar1 promotes vesicle budding from the endoplasmic reticulum but not Golgi compartments. J. Cell Biol. 125, 51–65 (1994)

De Matteis, M., Godi, A. & Corda, D. Phosphoinositides and the Golgi complex. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14, 434–447 (2002)

Wang, Y. J. et al. Phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate regulates targeting of clathrin adaptor AP-1 complexes to the Golgi. Cell 114, 299–310 (2003)

Loewen, C. J., Roy, A. & Levine, T. P. A conserved ER targeting motif in three families of lipid binding proteins and in Opi1p binds VAP. EMBO J. 22, 2025–2035 (2003)

Ladinsky, M. S., Mastronarde, D. N., McIntosh, J. R., Howell, K. E. & Staehelin, L. A. Golgi structure in three dimensions: functional insights from the normal rat kidney cell. J. Cell Biol. 144, 1135–1149 (1999)

Viani, P. et al. Ceramide in nitric oxide inhibition of glioma cell growth. Evidence for the involvement of ceramide traffic. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 9592–9601 (2003)

Ardail, D. et al. The mitochondria-associated endoplasmic-reticulum subcompartment (MAM fraction) of rat liver contains highly active sphingolipid-specific glycosyltransferases. Biochem. J. 371, 1013–1019 (2003)

Venkataraman, K. et al. Upstream of growth and differentiation factor 1 (uog1), a mammalian homolog of the yeast longevity assurance gene 1 (LAG1), regulates N-stearoyl-sphinganine (C18-(dihydro)ceramide) synthesis in a fumonisin B1-independent manner in mammalian cells. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 35642–35649 (2002)

Funato, K. & Riezman, H. Vesicular and nonvesicular transport of ceramide from ER to the Golgi apparatus in yeast. J. Cell Biol. 155, 949–959 (2001)

Soccio, R. E. & Breslow, J. L. StAR-related lipid transfer (START) proteins: mediators of intracellular lipid metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 22183–22186 (2003)

Mathias, S., Pena, L. A. & Kolesnick, R. N. Signal transduction of stress via ceramide. Biochem. J. 335, 465–480 (1998)

Hannun, Y. A. & Luberto, C. Ceramide in the eukaryotic stress response. Trends Cell Biol. 10, 73–80 (2000)

Albritton, L. M., Tseng, L., Scadden, D. & Cunningham, J. M. A putative murine ecotropic retrovirus receptor gene encodes a multiple membrane-spanning protein and confers susceptibility to virus infection. Cell 57, 659–666 (1989)

Morita, S., Kojima, T. & Kitamura, T. Plat-E: an efficient and stable system for transient packaging of retroviruses. Gene Ther. 7, 1063–1066 (2000)

Patki, V. et al. Identification of an early endosomal protein regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 7326–7330 (1997)

Kasper, A. M. & Helmkamp, G. M. Jr Intermembrane phospholipid fluxes catalyzed by bovine brain phospholipid exchange protein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 664, 22–32 (1981)

Yasuda, S., Nishijima, M. & Hanada, K. Localization, topology, and function of the LCB1 subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase in mammalian cells. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 4176–4183 (2003)

Banerjee, A., Gregori, L., Xu, Y. & Chau, V. The bacterially expressed yeast CDC34 gene product can undergo autoubiquitination to form a multiubiquitin chain-linked protein. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 5668–5675 (1993)