Fundus autofluorescence in the diagnosis and monitoring of acute retinal necrosis
Tóm tắt
Acute retinal necrosis (ARN), a vision threatening viral retinitis, is often diagnosed and treated based on clinical findings. These clinical features have been well characterized by various imaging modalities, but not using fundus autofluorescence (FAF), a noninvasive method of evaluating the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) based on the detection of endogenous fluorophores. A patient diagnosed with ARN was followed over a 10-month period to identify and document the fundus findings using FAF imaging. Pathological changes present at the level of the neurosensory retina and RPE in ARN can be detected and characterized using fundus autofluorescence imaging. The borders of disease activity in ARN correlate with high-contrast changes in autofluorescence patterns to facilitate monitoring of disease progression.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Brown RM, Mendis U (1973) Retinal arteritis complicating herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Br J Ophthalmol 57:344–346
Young NJ, Bird AC (1978) Bilateral acute retinal necrosis. Br J Ophthalmol 62:581–590
Lau CH, Missotten T, Salzmann J, Lightman SL (2007) Acute retinal necrosis features, management, and outcomes. Ophthalmology 114:756–762
Suzuki J, Goto H, Minoda H, Iwasaki T, Sakai J, Usui M (2006) Analysis of retinal findings of acutre retinal necrosis using optical coherence tomography. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 14(3):165–170
Yamamoto S, Adachi-Usami E (1985) Electrophysiological studies on Kirisawa type uveitis (acute retinal necrosis). Doc Ophthalmol 60(1):93–100
Delori FC, Dorey CK, Staurenghi G, Arend O, Goger DG, Weiter JJ (1995) In vivo fluorescence of the ocular fundus exhibits retinal pigment epithelium lipofuscin characteristics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36:718–729
Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Holz FG, Bird AC, Spaide RF (2008) Fundus autofluorescence imaging: review and perspectives. Retina 28:385–409
Freund KB, Mrejen S, Jung J, Yannuzzi LA, Boon CJ (2013) Increased fundus autofluorescence related to outer retinal disruption. JAMA Ophthalmol 131:1645–1649
Wolf-Schnurrbusch UE, Wittwer VV, Ghanem R, Niederhaeuser M, Enzmann V, Framme C, Wolf S (2011) Blue-light versus green-light autofluorescence: lesion size of areas of geographic atrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 16;52(13):9497–9502
Luu KK, Scott IU, Chaudhry NA, Verm A, Davis JL (2000) Intravitreal antiviral injections as adjunctive therapy in the management of immunocompetent patients with necrotizing herpetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 129(6):811–813
Wong R, Pavesio CE, Laidlaw DA, Williamson TH, Graham EM, Stanford MR (2010) Acute retinal necrosis: the effects of intravitreal foscarnet and virus type on outcome. Ophthalmology 117(3):556–560
Barondes MJ, Tellez F, Siegel A (1992) Acute retinal necrosis after chickenpox in a healthy adult. Ann Ophthalmol 24:335–336
Han DP, Lewis H, Williams GA, Mieler W, Abrms GW, Aaberg TM (1987) Laser photocoagulation in the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 105(8):1051–1054
Yeh S, Wong WT, Weichel ED, Lew JC, Chew EY, Nussenblatt RB (2010) Fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography in the management of progressive outer retinal necrosis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 9:1–4
Reznicek L, Seidensticker F, Stumpf C, Kampik A, Thurau S, Kernt M, Neubauer A (2013) Systematic analysis of wide-field fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in posterior uveitis. Current eye research 39(2):164–171