Brittleness of shales: Relevance to borehole collapse and hydraulic fracturing

Alassi, H.T., Holt, R., Nes, O-M., Pradhan, S., 2011. Realistic geomechanical modeling of hydraulic fracturing in fractured reservoir rock. In: CSUG/SPE 149375. 6 pp. Bishop, A.W., 1967. Progressive failure with special reference to the mechanism causing it. In: Proc. Geotechnical Conference, Oslo, Norway. 2, 142-150. Charlez, P.A., 1994. The impact of constitutive laws on wellbore stability: a general review. SPE/ISRM 28058. In Proc. EUROCK’94 Rock Mechanics in Petroleum Engineering. A.A. Balkema, pp. 239–249. Damjanac, B., Gil, I., Pierce, M., Sanchez, M., van As, A., McLennan, J., 2010. A new approach to hydraulic fracturing modeling in naturally fractured reservoirs. In: ARMA 10-400. 7 pp. Fjær, 2008, 491 Fjær, 2013, Elastic dispersion derived from a combination of static and dynamic measurements, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 46, 611, 10.1007/s00603-013-0385-8 Fjær, E., Nes, O.-M., 2013. Strength anisotropy of Mancos shale. In: ARMA 13-519. 7 pp. Gil, I., Nagel, N., Sanchez-Nagel, M., Damjanac, B., 2011. The effect of operational parameters on hydraulic fracture propagation in naturally fractured reservoirs—getting control of the fracture optimization process. In: ARMA 11-391. 11 pp. Hajiabdolmajid, 2003, Brittleness of rock and stability assessment in hard rock tunneling, Tunnelling Underground Space Technol., 18, 35, 10.1016/S0886-7798(02)00100-1 Holt, R.M., Fjær, E., Nes, O.-M., Alassi, H.T., 2011. A shaly look at brittleness. In: ARMA 11-366; 10pp. Holt, R.M., Nes, O.-M., Stenebråten, J.F., Fjær, E., 2012. Static vs. dynamic behavior of shale. In: ARMA 12-542. 7 pp. Horsrud, P., Bostrøm, B., Sønstebø, E.F., Holt, R.M., 1998. Interaction between shale and water-based drilling fluids: laboratory exposure tests give new insight into mechanisms and field consequences of KCl contents. In: SPE 48986; 11 pp. Horsrud, 2001, Estimating mechanical properties of shale from empirical correlations, SPE Drill. Completion, 16, 68, 10.2118/56017-PA Hucka, 1974, Brittleness determination of rocks by different methods, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 11, 389, 10.1016/0148-9062(74)91109-7 Ingram, 1999, Top seal leakage through faults and fractures: the role of mudrock properties, 158, 125 Jaeger, 2007, 500 Jarvie, 2007, Unconventional shale-gas systems: the Mississippian Barnett Shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment, AAPG Bull., 91, 475, 10.1306/12190606068 Jin, 2013, Fracability evaluation in shale reservoirs—an integrated petrophysics and geomechanics approach, In: SPE, 168589, 10 Morita, N., Black, A.D., Fuh, G-F., 1990. Theory of lost circulation pressure. In: SPE 20409. 16 pp. Miller, 2013, Compressive strength and elastic properties of a transversely isotropic calcareous mudstone, Geophys. Prospect., 61, 315, 10.1111/1365-2478.12031 Mullen, M., Roundtree, R., Barree, B., 2007. A composite determination of rock properties for stimulation design (what to do when you don’t have a sonic log). In: SPE 108139; Proc. Rocky Mountain Oil & Gas Techn. Symp., Denver, Co., USA 16–18 April 2007. 13 pp. Nes, O.-M., Fjær, E., Tronvoll, J., Kristiansen, T.G., Horsrud, P. (2004) Drilling time reduction through an integrated rock mechanics analysis. In: SPE/IADC 92531. 7 pp. Papanastasiou, 1999, The effective fracture toughness in hydraulic fracturing, Int. J. Fract., 96, 127, 10.1023/A:1018676212444 Plumb, R. A., 1994. Influence of composition and texture on the failure properties of clastic rocks. SPE/ISRM 28022. In: Proc. EUROCK’94 Rock Mechanics in Petroleum Engineering. A.A. Balkema, pp. 13–20. Rickman, R., Mullen, M., Petre, E., Grieser, B., Kundert, D., 2008. A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization: all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett shale. In: SPE 115258; Proc. Ann. Tech. Conf., Denver, Co., USA, 21–24 September 2008. 11 pp. Sarris, 2012, Numerical modeling of fluid-driven fractures in cohesive poroelastoplastic continuum, Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. Simpson, N.D.J.,Stroisz, A., Bauer, A., Vervoort, A., Holt, R.M., 2014. Failure mechanics of anisotropic shale during Brazilian Tests. In: ARMA 14-7399, 13 pp. Valkó, 1995, 298 Warpinski, 1987, Influence of geologic discontinuities on hydraulic fracture propagation, J. Pet. Technol., 39, 209, 10.2118/13224-PA Yang, Y., Hiroki, S., Hows, A., Zoback, M.D., 2013. Comparison of brittleness indices in organic-rich shale formations. In: ARMA 13-403. 7 pp.