A method to assess environmental acceptability of releases of radionuclides from nuclear facilities

AECB (Atomic Energy Control Board), 1987, Regulatory objectives, requirements and guidelines for the disposal of radioactive wastes—long-term aspects Amiro, 1992, Baseline concentrations of nuclear fuel waste nuclides in the environment Amiro, 1992, Radiological dose conversion factors for non-human biota for Canada's nuclear fuel waste disposal concept assessment Amiro, 1993, Protection of the environment from nuclear fuel waste radionuclides: a framework using environmental increments, Sci. Total Environ., 128, 157, 10.1016/0048-9697(93)90218-U Barnard, 1986, EDEFIS, a code for calculating effective dose equivalent for immersion in contaminated media BEIR (Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation), 1990 Buckman, 1969 Burger, 1992, Temporal scales in ecological risk assessment, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 23, 484, 10.1007/BF00203814 Cairns, 1975, Critical species, including man, within the biospheres, Naturwissenschaften, 62, 193, 10.1007/BF00603163 Chapman, 1991, Environmental quality criteria, Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 1353, 10.1021/es00020a600 CSA (Canadian Standards Association), 1987, Guidelines for calculating derived release limits for radioactive material in airborne and liquid effluents for normal operation of nuclear facilities (Standard) Davis, 1993, The biosphere model, BIOTRAC, for postclosure assessment of Canada's nuclear fuel waste management concept Dormuth, 1987, The Canadian nuclear fuel waste management program, Radioact. Waste Manage. Nucl. Fuel Cycle, 8, 93 Goodwin, 1993, Postclosure assessment of a reference system for disposal of Canada's nuclear fuel waste Graham, 1991, Ecological risk assessment at the regional scale, Ecol. Appl., 1, 196, 10.2307/1941812 Grondin, 1993, Preclosure assessment of a conceptual system for disposal of Canada's nuclear fuel waste Health and Welfare Canada, 1987, Environmental radioactivity in Canada, 1986, 121 Holford, 1989, Supplement to dose conversion factors for air, water, soil and building materials Hunsaker, 1990, Assessing ecological risk on a regional scale, Environ. Manage., 14, 325, 10.1007/BF02394200 IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), 1976, Effects of ionizing radiation on aquatic organisms and ecosystems IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), 1992, Effects of ionizing radiation on plants and animals at levels implied by current radiation protection standards ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection), 1975, Reference man: anatomical, physiological and metabolic characteristics ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection), 1977, Recommendations of the ICRP, Annals of the ICRP 1 (3) ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection), 1983, Radionuclide transformations. Energy and intensity emissions ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection), 1991, 1990 recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Kahn, 1992, Ecological risks associated with radioactive materials, 20 Maynard, 1979 Menzie, 1992, Assessment of methods for estimating ecological risk in the terrestrial component: a case study at the Baird & McGuire superfund site in Holbrook, Massachusetts, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 11, 245, 10.1002/etc.5620110214 NCRP (United States National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements), 1991, Effects of ionizing radiation on aquatic organisms, Rep. No. 109 NRCC (National Research Council of Canada), 1983, Radioactivity in the Canadian environment O'Neill, 1982, Ecosystem risk analysis: a new methodology, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 1, 167, 10.1002/etc.5620010208 Rose, 1992, Lower limits of radiosensitvity in organisms, excluding man, J. Environ. Radioact., 15, 113, 10.1016/0265-931X(91)90047-J Thompson, 1988, Environmental monitoring for radionuclides in marine ecosystems: Are species other than man protected adequately?, J. Environ. Radioact., 7, 275, 10.1016/0265-931X(88)90033-1 USNRC (United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission), 1977, Calculation of annual doses to man from routine releases of reactor effluents for the purpose of evaluating compliance with 10 CFR part 50, Appendix I. March 1976 Zach, 1993, Effects of ionizing radiation on breeding tree swallows at current radiation protection standards, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 12, 779, 10.1002/etc.5620120420 Zach, 1991, The food-chain and dose submodel, CALDOS, for the assessment of Canada's nuclear fuel waste management concept, Health Phys., 60, 643, 10.1097/00004032-199105000-00002 Zach, 1993, The food-chain and dose submodel, CALDOS, for the assessment of Canada's nuclear fuel waste management concept