Epidemiological and molecular analysis of circulating fowl adenoviruses and emerging of serotypes 1, 3, and 8b in Egypt

Abe, 2001, Gizzard erosion in broiler chicks by group I avian adenovirus, Avian Dis., 45, 234, 10.2307/1593034 Absalón, 2017, Complete genome sequence of a non-pathogenic strain of Fowl Adenovirus serotype 11: minimal genomic differences between pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses, Virology, 501, 63, 10.1016/j.virol.2016.11.006 Adair, 2008, Adenoviruses Adam, 1998, Characterization of intertype specific epitopes on adenovirus hexons, Arch. Virol., 143, 1669, 10.1007/s007050050408 Arnold, 2006, The SWISS-MODEL workspace: a web-based environment for protein structure homology modelling, Bioinformatics, 22, 195, 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti770 Asthana, 2013, Hydropericardium syndrome: current state and future developments, Arch. Virol., 158, 921, 10.1007/s00705-012-1570-x Berk, 2007, Adenoviridae: the viruses and their replication, Field. Virol., 5, 2355 Crawford-Miksza, 1996, Analysis of 15 adenovirus hexon proteins reveals the location and structure of seven hypervariable regions containing serotype-specific residues, J. Virol., 70, 1836, 10.1128/jvi.70.3.1836-1844.1996 Dar, 2012, Pathotypic and molecular characterization of fowl adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis in Saskatchewan chickens, Avian Dis., 56, 73, 10.1637/9764-041911-Reg.1 Das, 2017, A novel pathogenic aviadenovirus from red-bellied parrots (Poicephalus rufiventris) unveils deep recombination events among avian host lineages, Virology, 502, 188, 10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.031 DeLano, 2002 Domanska-Blicharz, 2011, Molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with gizzard erosions, Poultry Sci., 90, 983, 10.3382/ps.2010-01214 El-Deeb, 2019, The role of histopathology in diagnosis of fowl adenoviral infection in broiler chickens-a case study. Egypt, Poultry Sci. J., 39, 381 El-Tholoth, 2019, Molecular detection and characterization of fowl adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis from broiler chickens in Egypt, Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 51, 1065, 10.1007/s11250-018-01783-0 Elbestawy, 2020, Molecular characterization of fowl adenovirus D species in broiler chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Egypt, Alexandria J. Vet. Sci., 64, 110, 10.5455/ajvs.74411 Erny, 1991, Molecular characterization of highly virulent fowl adenoviruses associated with outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis, Avian Pathol., 20, 597, 10.1080/03079459108418799 Fadly, 1980, Some observations on an adenovirus isolated from specific pathogen free chickens, Poultry Sci., 59, 21, 10.3382/ps.0590021 Fitzgerald, 2020, Adenovirus infections, Dis.Poult., 321, 10.1002/9781119371199.ch9 Goodwin, 1993, Multisystemic adenovirus infection in broiler chicks with hypoglycemia and spiking mortality, Avian Dis., 625, 10.2307/1591701 Grafl, 2013, Quantity of virulent fowl adenovirus serotype 1 correlates with clinical signs, macroscopical and pathohistological lesions in gizzards following experimental induction of gizzard erosion in broilers, Vet. Res., 44, 1, 10.1186/1297-9716-44-38 Hafez, 2011 Harrach, 2019, Adenoviruses across the animal kingdom: a walk in the zoo, FEBS Lett., 593, 3660, 10.1002/1873-3468.13687 Hess, 2013, Aviadenovirus infections Hess, 2000, Detection and differentiation of avian adenoviruses: a review, Avian Pathol., 29, 195, 10.1080/03079450050045440 Kaján, 2013, Molecular typing of fowl adenoviruses, isolated in Hungary recently, reveals high diversity, Vet. Microbiol., 167, 357, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.09.025 Kolaskar, 1990, A semi-empirical method for prediction of antigenic determinants on protein antigens, FEBS Lett., 276, 172, 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80535-Q Li, 2018, Pathogenicity and molecular characterization of a fowl adenovirus 4 isolated from chicken associated with IBH and HPS in China, BMC Vet. Res., 14, 1, 10.1186/s12917-018-1733-4 Lim, 2012, Outbreak of gizzard erosion associated with fowl adenovirus infection in Korea, Poultry Sci., 91, 1113, 10.3382/ps.2011-02050 Mase, 2014, Phylogenetic analysis of fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with gizzard erosion in Japan, J. Vet. Med. Sci., 14 Mase, 2012, Fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Japan, 2009–2010, J. Vet. Med. Sci., 1204110811 Matos, 2016, Selected clinical chemistry analytes correlate with the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis experimentally induced by fowl aviadenoviruses, Avian Pathol., 45, 520, 10.1080/03079457.2016.1168513 McFerran, 2000, Avian adenoviruses, Rev. Sci. Tech., 19, 589, 10.20506/rst.19.2.1238 Mittal, 2014, Characterization of fowl adenoviruses associated with hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis in broiler chickens, Virusdisease, 25, 114, 10.1007/s13337-013-0183-7 Moffatt, 2000, Circumvention of vector-specific neutralizing antibody response by alternating use of human and non-human adenoviruses: implications in gene therapy, Virology, 272, 159, 10.1006/viro.2000.0350 Mohamed Sohaimi, 2019, Molecular characterization of fowl adenovirus isolate of Malaysia attenuated in chicken embryo liver cells and its pathogenicity and immunogenicity in chickens, PLoS One, 14, 10.1371/journal.pone.0225863 Nakamura, 1999, Pathologic study of specific-pathogen-free chicks and hens inoculated with adenovirus isolated from hydropericardium syndrome, Avian Dis., 414, 10.2307/1592638 Nakamura, 2011, Inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus in broiler chickens in Japan, 2009–2010, Avian Dis., 55, 719, 10.1637/9813-052511-Case.1 Niczyporuk, 2018, Deep analysis of Loop L1 HVRs1-4 region of the hexon gene of adenovirus field strains isolated in Poland, PLoS One, 13, 10.1371/journal.pone.0207668 Niczyporuk, 2016, Phylogenetic and geographic analysis of fowl adenovirus field strains isolated from poultry in Poland, Arch. Virol., 161, 33, 10.1007/s00705-015-2635-4 Niczyporuk, 2017, Molecular characterisation of fowl adenovirus type 7 isolated from poultry associated with inclusion body hepatitis in Poland, Arch. Virol., 162, 1325, 10.1007/s00705-017-3240-5 Niczyporuk, 2021, Fowl adenovirus strains 1/A and 11/D isolated from birds with reovirus infection, PLoS ONE, 16, 10.1371/journal.pone.0256137 Niu, 2017, Pathogenicity and immunosuppressive potential of fowl adenovirus in specific pathogen free chickens, Poultry Sci., 96, 3885, 10.3382/ps/pex206 Okuda, 2004, Pathogenicity of serotype 8 fowl adenovirus isolated from gizzard erosions of slaughtered broiler chickens, J. Vet. Med. Sci., 66, 1561, 10.1292/jvms.66.1561 Ono, 2001, Epizootic outbreaks of gizzard erosion associated with adenovirus infection in chickens, Avian Dis., 268, 10.2307/1593040 Pichla-Gollon, 2007, Structure-based identification of a major neutralizing site in an adenovirus hexon, J. Virol., 81, 1680, 10.1128/JVI.02023-06 Radwan, 2019, First report of fowl adenovirus 8a from commercial broiler chickens in Egypt: molecular characterization and pathogenicity, Poultry Sci., 98, 97, 10.3382/ps/pey314 Raue, 2005, Phylogenetic analysis of the hexon loop 1 region of an adenovirus from psittacine birds supports the existence of a new psittacine adenovirus (PsAdV), Arch. Virol., 150, 1933, 10.1007/s00705-005-0578-x Rux, 2003, Structural and phylogenetic analysis of adenovirus hexons by use of high-resolution x-ray crystallographic, molecular modeling, and sequence-based methods, J. Virol., 77, 9553, 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9553-9566.2003 Şahindokuyucu, 2020, First report of fowl aviadenovirus serotypes FAdV-8b and FAdV-11 associated with inclusion body hepatitis in commercial broiler and broiler-breeder flocks in Turkey, Arch. Virol., 165, 43, 10.1007/s00705-019-04449-w Saifuddin, 1992, Effects of fowl adenovirus infection on the immune system of chickens, J. Comp. Pathol., 107, 285, 10.1016/0021-9975(92)90004-E Schachner, 2019, Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) recombination with intertypic crossovers in genomes of FAdV-D and FAdV-E, displaying hybrid serological phenotypes, Viruses, 11, 1094, 10.3390/v11121094 Schachner, 2016, Detailed molecular analyses of the hexon loop-1 and fibers of fowl aviadenoviruses reveal new insights into the antigenic relationship and confirm that specific genotypes are involved in field outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis, Vet. Microbiol., 186, 13, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.02.008 Schachner, 2018, Fowl adenovirus-induced diseases and strategies for their control–a review on the current global situation, Avian Pathol., 47, 111, 10.1080/03079457.2017.1385724 Schonewille, 2008, Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 4 causes depletion of B and T cells in lymphoid organs in specific pathogen-free chickens following experimental infection, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 121, 130, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.09.017 Shivachandra, 2003, Immunosuppression in broiler chicks fed aflatoxin and inoculated with fowl adenovirus serotype-4 (FAV-4) associated with hydropericardium syndrome, Vet. Res. Commun., 27, 39, 10.1023/A:1022058623634 Singh, 2006, Effect of fowl adenovirus-1 (IBH isolate) on humoral and cellular immune competency of broiler chicks, Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 29, 315, 10.1016/j.cimid.2006.08.001 Singh, 2015, Structure and sialyllactose binding of the carboxy-terminal head domain of the fibre from a siadenovirus, Turkey adenovirus 3, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0139339 Singh, 2013, Homologous recombination in E3 genes of human adenovirus species D, J. Virol., 87, 12481, 10.1128/JVI.01927-13 Slaine, 2016, Molecular characterization of pathogenic and nonpathogenic fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 isolates, Can. J. Microbiol., 62, 993, 10.1139/cjm-2016-0297 Steer, 2015, Chronological analysis of gross and histological lesions induced by field strains of fowl adenovirus serotypes 1, 8b and 11 in one-day-old chickens, Avian Pathol., 44, 106, 10.1080/03079457.2015.1007919 Sultan, 2021, Genetic characterization of Novel fowl aviadenovirus-4 (FADV-4) from the outbreak of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in commercial broiler chickens in EgyptNovel FAdV-4 in Egypt, Avian Dis., 65, 385, 10.1637/0005-2086-65.3.385 Thanasut, 2017, Genome sequence of fowl aviadenovirus a strain JM1/1, which caused gizzard erosions in Japan, Genome Announc., 5, 10.1128/genomeA.00749-17 Toro, 2000, Chicken anemia virus and fowl adenoviruses: association to induce the inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome, Avian Dis., 51, 10.2307/1592507 Waterhouse, 2018, SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes, Nucleic Acids Res., 46, W296, 10.1093/nar/gky427 Wells, 1974, A fatal adenovirus infection of broiler chickens: inclusion body hepatitis, Vet. Rec., 94, 481, 10.1136/vr.94.21.481 Zadravec, 2013, Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) outbreak associated with fowl adenovirus type 8b in broilers, Acta Vet., 63, 101, 10.2298/AVB1301101Z Zsak, 1984, Grouping of fowl adenoviruses based upon the restriction patterns of DNA generated by BamHI and HindIII, Intervirology, 22, 110, 10.1159/000149541