Light-dependent magnetoreception in birds: interaction of at least two different receptors
Tóm tắt
Passerine migrants require light from the blue-green part of the spectrum for magnetic compass orientation; under yellow light, they are disoriented. European robins tested under a combination of yellow light and blue or green light showed a change in behavior, no longer preferring their seasonally appropriate migratory direction: in spring as well as in autumn, they preferred southerly headings under blue-and-yellow and northerly headings under green-and-yellow light. This clearly shows that yellow light is not neutral and suggests the involvement of at least two types of receptors in obtaining magnetic compass information, with the specific interaction of these receptors being rather complex.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Batschelet E (1981) Circular statistics in biology. Academic Press, London
Deutschlander ME, Phillips JB, Borland SC (1999) The case for light-dependent magnetic orientation in animals. J Exp Biol 202:891–908
Emlen ST, Emlen JT (1966) A technique for recording migratory orientation of captive birds. Auk 83:361–367
Matthews GVT (1961) ‘Nonsense’ orientation in Mallards, Anas platyrhynchos, and its relation to experiments on bird navigation. Ibis 103a:211–230
Möller A, Gesson M, Phillips J, Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (2001) Light-dependent magnetoreception in migratory birds: previous exposure to red light alters the response to red light. In: Orientation and navigation: birds, humans and other animals. Royal Institute of Navigation, Oxford, pp 6-1–6-6
Muheim R, Bäckman J, Åkesson S (2002) Magnetic compass orientation in European robins is dependent on both wavelength and intensity of light. J Exp Biol 205:3845–3856
Phillips JB, Borland C (1992) Behavioral evidence for use of a light-dependent magnetoreception mechanism by a vertebrate. Nature 359:142–144
Phillips JB, Deutschlander ME (1997) Magnetoreception in terrestrial vertebrates: implication for possible mechanisms of EMF interaction with biological systems. In: Stevens RG, Wilson BW, Andrews LE (eds) The melatonin hypothesis: electric power and the risk of breast cancer. Batelle Press, Columbus, Ohio, pp 111–172
Rappl R, Wiltschko R, Weindler P, Berthold P, Wiltschko W (2000) Orientation of garden warblers, Sylvia borin, under monochromatic light of various wavelengths. Auk 117:256–260
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R (1995) Migratory orientation of European robins is affected by the wavelength of light as well as by the magnetic pulse. J Comp Physiol A 177:363–369
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R (1999) The effect of yellow and blue light on magnetic compass orientation in European robins, Erithacus rubecula. J Comp Physiol A 184:295–299
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R (2001) Light-dependent magnetoreception in birds: the behavior of European robins, Erithacus rubecula, under monochromatic light of various wavelengths and intensities. J Exp Biol 204:3295–3302
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R (2002) Magnetic compass orientation in birds and its physiological basis. Naturwissenschaften 89:445–452
Wiltschko W, Munro U, Ford H, Wiltschko R (1993) Red light disrupts magnetic orientation of migratory birds. Nature 364:525–527
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R, Munro U (2000a) Light-dependent magnetoreception in birds: does directional information change with light intensity? Naturwissenschaften 87:36–40
Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R, Munro U (2000b) Light-dependent magnetoreception in birds: the effect of intensity of 565-nm green light. Naturwissenschaften 87:366–369
Wiltschko W, Munro U, Ford H, Wiltschko R (2003) Magnetic orientation in birds: non-compass responses under monochromatic light of increased intensity. Proc R Soc Lond B 270:2133–2140
Wiltschko W, Möller A, Gesson M, Noll C, Wiltschko R (2004) Light-dependent magnetoreception in birds: analysis of the behaviour under red light after pre-exposure to red light. J Exp Biol 2007 DOI 10.1242/jeb00873