Nanotechnological interventions for plant health improvement and sustainable agriculture

3 Biotech - 2020
Madhu Kamle1, Dipendra Kumar Mahato2, Sheetal Devi3, Ramendra Soni4, Vijay Tripathi4, Awdhesh Kumar Mishra5, Pradeep Kumar1
1Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli, India
2School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
3National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, India
4Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, India
5Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea

Tóm tắt

Agriculture is the source of food for both humans and animals. With the growing population demands, agricultural production needs to be scaled up where nanotechnology can play a significant role. The use of nanotechnology in agriculture can manage plant disease and growth for better and quality output. Therefore, this review focuses on the use of various nanoparticles for detection of nutrients and contaminants, nanosensors for monitoring the environmental stresses and crop conditions as well as the use of nanotechnology for plant pathogen detection and crop protection. In addition, the delivery of plant growth regulators and agrichemicals like nanopesticides and nanofertilizers to the plants along with the delivery of DNA for targeted genetic engineering and production of genetically modified (GM) crops are discussed briefly. Further, the future concerns regarding the use of nanoparticles and their possible toxicity, impact on the agriculture and ecosystem needs to be assessed along with the assessment of the nanoparticles and GM crops on the environment and human health.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abad E, Palacio F, Nuin M, De Zarate AG, Juarros A, Gómez JM, Marco S (2009) RFID smart tag for traceability and cold chain monitoring of foods: demonstration in an intercontinental fresh fish logistic chain. J Food Eng 93(4):394–399

Al-Hiary H, Bani-Ahmad S, Reyalat M, Braik M, ALRahamneh Z (2011) Fast and accurate detection and classification of plant diseases. Int J Comput Appl 17(1):31–38

Amador C, Emond J-P, do Nascimento Nunes MC (2009) Application of RFID technologies in the temperature mapping of the pineapple supply chain. Sens Instrum Food Qual Saf 3(1):26–33

Anschütz U, Becker D, Shabala S (2014) Going beyond nutrition: regulation of potassium homoeostasis as a common denominator of plant adaptive responses to environment. J Plant Physiol 171(9):670–687

Anton N, Benoit J-P, Saulnier P (2008) Design and production of nanoparticles formulated from nano-emulsion templates—a review. J Control Release 128(3):185–199

Ao M, Zhu Y, He S, Li D, Li P, Li J, Cao Y (2012) Preparation and characterization of 1-naphthylacetic acid–silica conjugated nanospheres for enhancement of controlled-release performance. Nanotechnology 24(3):035601

Baggio A (2005) Wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture. In: ACM workshop on real-world wireless sensor networks (REALWSN 2005), Stockholm, Sweden, 2005. Citeseer, pp 1567–1576

Bang SH, Yu YM, Hwang IC, Park HJ (2009) Formation of size-controlled nano carrier systems by self-assembly. J Microencapsul 26(8):722–733

Beckwith R, Teibel D, Bowen P (2004) Report from the field: results from an agricultural wireless sensor network. In: 29th annual IEEE international conference on local computer networks. IEEE, pp 471–478

Bergeson LL (2010) Nanosilver: US EPA's pesticide office considers how best to proceed. Environ Qual Manag 19(3):79–85

Bhagat D, Samanta SK, Bhattacharya S (2013) Efficient management of fruit pests by pheromone nanogels. Sci Rep 3:1294

Biswal SK, Nayak AK, Parida UK, Nayak PL (2012) Applications of nanotechnology in agriculture and food sciences. Int J Sci Innov Discov 2(1):21–36

Bouwmeester H, Dekkers S, Noordam MY, Hagens WI, Bulder AS, De Heer C, Ten Voorde SECG, Wijnhoven SWP, Marvin HJP, Sips AJAM (2009) Review of health safety aspects of nanotechnologies in food production. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 53(1):52–62

Brunel F, El Gueddari NE, Moerschbacher BM (2013) Complexation of copper (II) with chitosan nanogels: toward control of microbial growth. Carbohyd Polym 92(2):1348–1356

Burrell J, Brooke T, Beckwith R (2004) Vineyard computing: sensor networks in agricultural production. IEEE Pervas Comput 1:38–45

Campos EVR, de Oliveira JL, Fraceto LF (2014) Applications of controlled release systems for fungicides, herbicides, acaricides, nutrients, and plant growth hormones: a review. Adv Sci Eng Med 6(4):373–387

Chaudhry Q, Castle L (2011) Food applications of nanotechnologies: an overview of opportunities and challenges for developing countries. Trends Food Sci Technol 22(11):595–603

Chen TH, Murata N (2002) Enhancement of tolerance of abiotic stress by metabolic engineering of betaines and other compatible solutes. Curr Opin Plant Biol 5(3):250–257

Chen THH, Murata N (2008) Glycinebetaine: an effective protectant against abiotic stress in plants. Trends Plant Sci 13(9):499–505

Chen THH, Murata N (2011) Glycinebetaine protects plants against abiotic stress: mechanisms and biotechnological applications. Plant Cell Environ 34(1):1–20

Chen H, Yada R (2011) Nanotechnologies in agriculture: new tools for sustainable development. Trends in Food Sci Technol 22(11):585–594

Chérel I (2004) Regulation of K+ channel activities in plants: from physiological to molecular aspects. J Exp Bot 55(396):337–351

Cho N, Song S-J, Kim S, Kim S, Yoo H-J (2005) A 5.1-μW UHF RFID tag chip integrated with sensors for wireless environmental monitoring. In: Esscirc 2005: proceedings of the 31st European solid-state circuits conference, pp 279–282

Clough SJ, Bent AF (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 16(6):735–743

Crane RA, Scott TB (2012) Nanoscale zero-valent iron: future prospects for an emerging water treatment technology. J Hazard Mater 211:112–125

Cunningham FJ, Goh NS, Demirer GS, Matos JL, Landry MP (2018) Nanoparticle-mediated delivery towards advancing plant genetic engineering. Trends Biotechnol 36(9):882–897

Daniell H (2006) Production of biopharmaceuticals and vaccines in plants via the chloroplast genome. Biotechnol J Healthc Nutr Technol 1(10):1071–1079

De A, Bose R, Kumar A, Mozumdar S (2014) Targeted delivery of pesticides using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. Springer, Berlin

Dinda D, Gupta A, Saha SK (2013) Removal of toxic Cr (VI) by UV-active functionalized graphene oxide for water purification. J Mater Chem A 1(37):11221–11228

Ditta A (2012) How helpful is nanotechnology in agriculture? Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol 3(3):033002

Dorjee P, Amarasiriwardena D, Xing B (2014) Antimony adsorption by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI): Ion chromatography—inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC–ICP-MS) study. Microchem J 116:15–23

El-Otmani M, Coggins CW Jr, Agustí M, Lovatt CJ (2000) Plant growth regulators in citriculture: world current uses. Crit Rev Plant Sci 19(5):395–447

Fachel FNS, Schuh RS, Veras KS, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Braganhol E, Teixeira HF (2019) An overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid and its association with nanotechnology-based delivery systems: a novel approach to treating neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 122:47–58

Fajardo C, Gil-Díaz M, Costa G, Alonso J, Guerrero AM, Nande M, Lobo MC, Martín M (2015) Residual impact of aged nZVI on heavy metal-polluted soils. Sci Total Environ 535:79–84

Fernandez-Cornejo J, Caswell MF (2006) The first decade of genetically engineered crops in the United States. USDA-ERS Econ Info Bull 11:20

Flowers TJ, Munns R, Colmer TD (2014) Sodium chloride toxicity and the cellular basis of salt tolerance in halophytes. Ann Bot 115(3):419–431

Fraceto LF, Grillo R, de Medeiros GA, Scognamiglio V, Rea G, Bartolucci C (2016) Nanotechnology in agriculture: which innovation potential does it have? Front Environ Sci 4:20

Ghormade V, Deshpande MV, Paknikar KM (2011) Perspectives for nano-biotechnology enabled protection and nutrition of plants. Biotechnol Adv 29(6):792–803

Gil-Díaz M, Alonso J, Rodríguez-Valdés E, Pinilla P, Lobo MC (2014a) Reducing the mobility of arsenic in brownfield soil using stabilised zero-valent iron nanoparticles. J Environ Sci Health A 49(12):1361–1369

Gil-Díaz M, Ortiz L, Costa G, Alonso J, Rodríguez-Membibre ML, Sánchez-Fortún S, Pérez-Sanz A, Martín M, Lobo MC (2014b) Immobilization and leaching of Pb and Zn in an acidic soil treated with zerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI): physicochemical and toxicological analysis of leachates. Water Air Soil Pollut 225(6):1990

Gogos A, Knauer K, Bucheli TD (2012) Nanomaterials in plant protection and fertilization: current state, foreseen applications, and research priorities. J Agric Food Chem 60(39):9781–9792

Gonda L, Cugnasca CE (2006) A proposal of greenhouse control using wireless sensor networks. In: Computers in agriculture and natural resources, 23–25 July 2006, Orlando Florida, 2006. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, p 229

Grillo R, Abhilash PC, Fraceto LF (2016) Nanotechnology applied to bio-encapsulation of pesticides. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 16(1):1231–1234

Gruère G, Narrod C, Abbott L (2011) Agricultural, food, and water nanotechnologies for the poor. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC

Gu H, Rapole SB, Huang Y, Cao D, Luo Z, Wei S, Guo Z (2013) Synergistic interactions between multi-walled carbon nanotubes and toxic hexavalent chromium. J Mater Chem A 1(6):2011–2021

Gupta VK, Agarwal S, Saleh TA (2011a) Chromium removal by combining the magnetic properties of iron oxide with adsorption properties of carbon nanotubes. Water Res 45(6):2207–2212

Gupta VK, Agarwal S, Saleh TA (2011b) Synthesis and characterization of alumina-coated carbon nanotubes and their application for lead removal. J Hazard Mater 185(1):17–23

Gutiérrez-Aguirre I, Mehle N, Delić D, Gruden K, Mumford R, Ravnikar M (2009) Real-time quantitative PCR based sensitive detection and genotype discrimination of Pepino mosaic virus. J Virol Methods 162(1–2):46–55

He X, Deng H, Hwang H-m (2019) The current application of nanotechnology in food and agriculture. J Food Drug Anal 27(1):1–21

Jedermann R, Ruiz-Garcia L, Lang W (2009) Spatial temperature profiling by semi-passive RFID loggers for perishable food transportation. Comput Electron Agric 65(2):145–154

Jordan J, Jacob KI, Tannenbaum R, Sharaf MA, Jasiuk I (2005) Experimental trends in polymer nanocomposites—a review. Mater Sci Eng A 393(1–2):1–11

Kah M, Hofmann T (2014) Nanopesticide research: current trends and future priorities. Environ Int 63:224–235

Kah M, Beulke S, Tiede K, Hofmann T (2013) Nanopesticides: state of knowledge, environmental fate, and exposure modeling. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 43(16):1823–1867

Kahru A, Dubourguier H-C (2010) From ecotoxicology to nanoecotoxicology. Toxicology 269(2–3):105–119

Kamle M, Kumar P, Patra JK, Bajpai VK (2017) Current perspectives on genetically modified crops and detection methods. 3 Biotech 7(3):219

Kang T-F, Wang F, Lu L-P, Zhang Y, Liu T-S (2010) Methyl parathion sensors based on gold nanoparticles and Nafion film modified glassy carbon electrodes. Sens Actuator B-Chem 145(1):104–109

Kang MA, Seo MJ, Hwang IC, Jang C, Park HJ, Yu YM, Youn YN (2012) Insecticidal activity and feeding behavior of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, after treatment with nano types of pyrifluquinazon. J Asia Pac Entomol 15(4):533–541

Kashyap PL, Xiang X, Heiden P (2015) Chitosan nanoparticle based delivery systems for sustainable agriculture. Int J Biol Macromol 77:36–51

Khalifa NS, Hasaneen MN (2018) The effect of chitosan–PMAA–NPK nanofertilizer on Pisum sativum plants. 3 Biotech 8(4):193

Khan AA, Akhtar T (2011) Adsorption thermodynamics studies of 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid on poly-o-toluidine Zr (IV) phosphate, a nano-composite used as pesticide sensitive membrane electrode. Desalination 272(1–3):259–264

Khater M, de la Escosura-Muñiz A, Merkoçi A (2017) Biosensors for plant pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 93:72–86

Khodakovskaya M, Dervishi E, Mahmood M, Xu Y, Li Z, Watanabe F, Biris AS (2009) Carbon nanotubes are able to penetrate plant seed coat and dramatically affect seed germination and plant growth. ACS Nano 3(10):3221–3227

Khot LR, Sankaran S, Maja JM, Ehsani R, Schuster EW (2012) Applications of nanomaterials in agricultural production and crop protection: a review. Crop Prot 35:64–70

Kookana RS, Boxall ABA, Reeves PT, Ashauer R, Beulke S, Chaudhry Q, Cornelis G, Fernandes TF, Gan J, Kah M (2014) Nanopesticides: guiding principles for regulatory evaluation of environmental risks. J Agric Food Chem 62(19):4227–4240

Koyro H-W, Zörb C, Debez A, Huchzermeyer B (2013) The effect of hyper-osmotic salinity on protein pattern and enzyme activities of halophytes. Funct Plant Biol 40(9):787–804

Kuang H, Chen W, Yan W, Xu L, Zhu Y, Liu L, Chu H, Peng C, Wang L, Kotov NA (2011) Crown ether assembly of gold nanoparticles: melamine sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 26(5):2032–2037

Kumar ASK, Rajesh N (2013) Exploring the interesting interaction between graphene oxide, Aliquat-336 (a room temperature ionic liquid) and chromium (VI) for wastewater treatment. RSC Adv 3(8):2697–2709

Kumar A, Khan S, Dhawan A (2014) Comprehensive molecular analysis of the responses induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in human keratinocyte cells. J Transl Toxicol 1(1):28–39

Kumar D, Nair M, Painuli R (2019) Highly responsive bioinspired AgNPs probe for the precise colorimetric detection of the Mn (II) in aqueous systems. Plasmonics 14(2):303–311

Kumaravel A, Chandrasekaran M (2011) A biocompatible nano TiO2/nafion composite modified glassy carbon electrode for the detection of fenitrothion. J Electroanal Chem 650(2):163–170

Lea-Cox JD, Kantor G, Anhalt J, Ristvey A, Ross DS (2007) A wireless sensor network for the nursery and greenhouse industry. In: Southern nursery association research conference

Lee Y-C, Yang J-W (2012) Self-assembled flower-like TiO2 on exfoliated graphite oxide for heavy metal removal. J Ind Eng Chem 18(3):1178–1185

Li C, Wang C, Wang C, Hu S (2006) Development of a parathion sensor based on molecularly imprinted nano-TiO2 self-assembled film electrode. Sens Actuator B-Chem 117(1):166–171

Liang J, Yu M, Guo L, Cui B, Zhao X, Sun C, Wang Y, Liu G, Cui H, Zeng Z (2017) Bioinspired development of P (St–MAA)-avermectin nanoparticles with high affinity for foliage to enhance folia retention. J Agric Food Chem 66(26):6578–6584

Liu A (2008) Towards development of chemosensors and biosensors with metal-oxide-based nanowires or nanotubes. Biosens Bioelectron 24(2):167–177

Liu R, Lal R (2015) Potentials of engineered nanoparticles as fertilizers for increasing agronomic productions. Sci Total Environ 514:131–139

López MM, Bertolini E, Olmos A, Caruso P, Gorris MT, Llop P, Penyalver R, Cambra M (2003) Innovative tools for detection of plant pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Int Microbiol 6(4):233–243

López J, Soto F, Sánchez P, Iborra A, Suardiaz J, Vera J (2009) Development of a sensor node for precision horticulture. Sensors 9(5):3240–3255

Malekian R, Abedi-Koupai J, Eslamian SS (2011) Influences of clinoptilolite and surfactant-modified clinoptilolite zeolite on nitrate leaching and plant growth. J Hazard Mater 185(2–3):970–976

Masciangioli T, Zhang W-X (2003) Peer reviewed: environmental technologies at the nanoscale. ACS Publications, Washington, DC

Miller SA, Beed FD, Harmon CL (2009) Plant disease diagnostic capabilities and networks. Annu Rev Phytopathol 47:15–38

Mishra AK, Ramaprabhu S (2010) Magnetite decorated multiwalled carbon nanotube based supercapacitor for arsenic removal and desalination of seawater. J Phys Chem C 114(6):2583–2590

Morais R, Fernandes MA, Matos SG, Serôdio C, Ferreira PJSG, Reis MJCS (2008) A ZigBee multi-powered wireless acquisition device for remote sensing applications in precision viticulture. Comput Electron Agric 62(2):94–106

Nair R, Varghese SH, Nair BG, Maekawa T, Yoshida Y, Kumar DS (2010) Nanoparticulate material delivery to plants. Plant Sci 179(3):154–163

Nguyen HM, Hwang IC, Park JW, Park HJ (2012a) Enhanced payload and photo-protection for pesticides using nanostructured lipid carriers with corn oil as liquid lipid. J Microencapsul 29(6):596–604

Nguyen HM, Hwang IC, Park JW, Park HJ (2012b) Photoprotection for deltamethrin using chitosan-coated beeswax solid lipid nanoparticles. Pest Manag Sci 68(7):1062–1068

Nolasco G, Sequeira Z, Soares C, Mansinho A, Bailey AM, Niblett CL (2002) Asymmetric PCR ELISA: increased sensitivity and reduced costs for the detection of plant viruses. Eur J Plant Pathol 108(4):293–298

Oliveira HC, Gomes BCR, Pelegrino MT, Seabra AB (2016) Nitric oxide-releasing chitosan nanoparticles alleviate the effects of salt stress in maize plants. Nitric Oxide 61:10–19

Pandey R, Zahoor A, Sharma S, Khuller GK (2003) Nanoparticle encapsulated antitubercular drugs as a potential oral drug delivery system against murine tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 83(6):373–378

Parham H, Rahbar N (2010) Square wave voltammetric determination of methyl parathion using ZrO2-nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode. J Hazard Mater 177(1–3):1077–1084

Parisi C, Vigani M, Rodríguez-Cerezo E (2015) Agricultural nanotechnologies: what are the current possibilities? Nano Today 10(2):124–127

Parsons NR, Edmondson RN, Song Y (2009) Image analysis and statistical modelling for measurement and quality assessment of ornamental horticulture crops in glasshouses. Biosyst Eng 104(2):161–168

Pereira AES, Sandoval-Herrera IE, Zavala-Betancourt SA, Oliveira HC, Ledezma-Pérez AS, Romero J, Fraceto LF (2017) γ-Polyglutamic acid/chitosan nanoparticles for the plant growth regulator gibberellic acid: characterization and evaluation of biological activity. Carbohyd Polym 157:1862–1873

Pillay K, Cukrowska EM, Coville NJ (2009) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes as adsorbents for the removal of parts per billion levels of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 166(2–3):1067–1075

Prasad R, Kumar V, Prasad KS (2014) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: present concerns and future aspects. Afr J Biotechnol 13(6):705–713

Qian K, Shi T, Tang T, Zhang S, Liu X, Cao Y (2011) Preparation and characterization of nano-sized calcium carbonate as controlled release pesticide carrier for validamycin against Rhizoctonia solani. Mikrochim Acta 173(1–2):51–57

Qu F, Zhou X, Xu J, Li H, Xie G (2009) Luminescence switching of CdTe quantum dots in presence of p-sulfonatocalix [4] arene to detect pesticides in aqueous solution. Talanta 78(4–5):1359–1363

Quiñones JP, García YC, Curiel H, Covas CP (2010) Microspheres of chitosan for controlled delivery of brassinosteroids with biological activity as agrochemicals. Carbohyd Polym 80(3):915–921

Rademacher W (2015) Plant growth regulators: backgrounds and uses in plant production. J Plant Growth Regul 34(4):845–872

Rai M, Ingle A (2012) Role of nanotechnology in agriculture with special reference to management of insect pests. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 94(2):287–293

Roberts MJ, Schimmelpfennig DE, Ashley E, Livingston MJ, Ash MS, Vasavada U (2006) The value of plant disease early-warning systems: a case study of USDA's soybean rust coordinated framework

Römheld V, Kirkby EA (2010) Research on potassium in agriculture: needs and prospects. Plant Soil 335(1–2):155–180

Rossi M, Cubadda F, Dini L, Terranova ML, Aureli F, Sorbo A, Passeri D (2014) Scientific basis of nanotechnology, implications for the food sector and future trends. Trends Food Sci Technol 40(2):127–148

Ruiz-Garcia L, Barreiro P, Robla JI (2008) Performance of ZigBee-based wireless sensor nodes for real-time monitoring of fruit logistics. J Food Eng 87(3):405–415

Ruiz-Garcia L, Lunadei L, Barreiro P, Robla I (2009) A review of wireless sensor technologies and applications in agriculture and food industry: state of the art and current trends. Sensors 9(6):4728–4750

Sadanandom A, Napier RM (2010) Biosensors in plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol 13(6):736–743

Sakamoto A, Murata N (2000) Genetic engineering of glycinebetaine synthesis in plants: current status and implications for enhancement of stress tolerance. J Exp Bot 51(342):81–88

Sasson Y, Levy-Ruso G, Toledano O, Ishaaya I (2007) Nanosuspensions: emerging novel agrochemical formulations. Insecticides design using advanced technologies. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–39

Savary S, Ficke A, Aubertot J-N, Hollier C (2012) Crop losses due to diseases and their implications for global food production losses and food security. Springer, Berlin

Sekhon BS (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:31

Servin A, Elmer W, Mukherjee A, De la Torre-Roche R, Hamdi H, White JC, Bindraban P, Dimkpa C (2015) A review of the use of engineered nanomaterials to suppress plant disease and enhance crop yield. J Nanopart Res 17(2):92

Singh A, Poshtiban S, Evoy S (2013) Recent advances in bacteriophage based biosensors for food-borne pathogen detection. Sensors 13(2):1763–1786

Song J, Wang B (2014) Using euhalophytes to understand salt tolerance and to develop saline agriculture: Suaeda salsa as a promising model. Ann Bot 115(3):541–553

Song G, Gao Y, Wu H, Hou W, Zhang C, Ma H (2012a) Physiological effect of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles on Lemna minor. Environ Toxicol Chem 31(9):2147–2152

Song M-R, Cui S-M, Gao F, Liu Y-R, Fan C-L, Lei T-Q, Liu D-C (2012b) Dispersible silica nanoparticles as carrier for enhanced bioactivity of chlorfenapyr. J Pestic Sci 20:D12–027

Sonkaria S, Ahn S-H, Khare V (2012) Nanotechnology and its impact on food and nutrition: a review. Recent Patents Food Nutr Agric 4(1):8–18

Steinberg IM, Steinberg MD (2009) Radio-frequency tag with optoelectronic interface for distributed wireless chemical and biological sensor applications. Sens Actuator B-Chem 138(1):120–125

Sun H, Fung Y (2006) Piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor for rapid analysis of pirimicarb residues using molecularly imprinted polymers as recognition elements. Anal Chim Acta 576(1):67–76

Tao S, Pang R, Chen C, Ren X, Hu S (2012) Synthesis, characterization and slow release properties of O-naphthylacetyl chitosan. Carbohyd Polym 88(4):1189–1194

Tilman D, Cassman KG, Matson PA, Naylor R, Polasky S (2002) Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature 418(6898):671

Todd B, Phillips M, Schultz SM, Hawkins AR, Jensen BD (2009) Low-cost RFID threshold shock sensors. IEEE Sens J 9(4):464–469

van Tuijl B, van Os E, van Henten E (2007) Wireless sensor networks: state of the art and future perspective. In: International symposium on high technology for greenhouse system management: greensys, vol 801, pp 547–554

Vamvakaki V, Chaniotakis NA (2007) Pesticide detection with a liposome-based nano-biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 22(12):2848–2853

Veličković Z, Vuković GD, Marinković AD, Moldovan M-S, Perić-Grujić AA, Uskoković PS, Ristić MĐ (2012) Adsorption of arsenate on iron (III) oxide coated ethylenediamine functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes. Chem Eng J 181:174–181

Vergara A, Llobet E, Ramírez JL, Ivanov P, Fonseca L, Zampolli S, Scorzoni A, Becker T, Marco S, Wöllenstein J (2007) An RFID reader with onboard sensing capability for monitoring fruit quality. Sens Actuator B-Chem 127(1):143–149

Verma D, Daniell H (2007) Chloroplast vector systems for biotechnology applications. Plant Physiol 145(4):1129–1143

Vincelli P, Tisserat N (2008) Nucleic acid-based pathogen detection in applied plant pathology. Plant Dis 92(5):660–669

Viswanathan S, Radecka H, Radecki J (2009) Electrochemical biosensor for pesticides based on acetylcholinesterase immobilized on polyaniline deposited on vertically assembled carbon nanotubes wrapped with ssDNA. Biosens Bioelectron 24(9):2772–2777

Wang M, Li Z (2008) Nano-composite ZrO2/Au film electrode for voltammetric detection of parathion. Sens Actuator B-Chem 133(2):607–612

Wang C, Zhao C, Qiao X, Zhang X, Zhang Y (2007) The design of wireless sensor networks node for measuring the greenhouse's environment parameters. In: International conference on computer and computing technologies in agriculture. Springer, pp 1037–1046

Wentworth SM (2003) Microbial sensor tags. In: IFT (The Institute of Food Engineering) annual meeting book of abstracts, Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 2003

Wyn Jones RG, Storey R (1981) Betaines. In: Paleg LG, Aspinall D (eds) The physiology and biochemistry of drought resistance in plants. Academic Press, Sydney, pp 171–204

Xia L, Wei Z, Wan M (2010) Conducting polymer nanostructures and their application in biosensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 341(1):1–11

Xiang C, Taylor AG, Hinestroza JP, Frey MW (2013) Controlled release of nonionic compounds from poly (lactic acid)/cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposite fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 127(1):79–86

Yang I-C, Chen S, Huang Y-I, Hsieh K-W, Chen C-T, Lu H-C, Chang C-L, Lin H-M, Chen Y-L, Chen C-C (2008) RFID-integrated multi-functional remote sensing system for seedling production management. In: Food processing automation conference proceedings, 28–29 June 2008, Providence, Rhode Island. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, p 15

Yang Y, Hong-tao Z, Jian W, Meng X, Yang L, Yu-long Z (2012) Preparation and properties of modified polyvinyl alcohol film for encapsulation of fertilizer. Plant Nutr Fert Sci 20:5

Yoo S-e, Kim J-e, Kim T, Ahn S, Sung J, Kim D A (2007) 2 S: automated agriculture system based on WSN. In: 2007 IEEE international symposium on consumer electronics. IEEE, pp 1–5

Yu F, Sun S, Ma J, Han S (2015) Enhanced removal performance of arsenate and arsenite by magnetic graphene oxide with high iron oxide loading. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17(6):4388–4397

Yvon M, Thébaud G, Alary R, Labonne G (2009) Specific detection and quantification of the phytopathogenic agent ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’. Mol Cell Probe 23(5):227–234

Zhang L, Song L, Shao H, Shao C, Li M, Liu M, Brestic M, Xu G (2014) Spatio-temporal variation of rhizosphere soil microbial abundance and enzyme activities under different vegetation types in the coastal zone, Shandong. China Plant Biosyst 148(3):403–409

Zhao Y-G, Shen H-Y, Shi J-W, Chen X-H, Jin M-C (2011) Preparation and characterization of amino functionalized nano-composite material and its application for multi-residue analysis of pesticides in cabbage by gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1218(33):5568–5580

Zhou Y, Yang X, Guo X, Zhou M, Wang L (2007) A design of greenhouse monitoring and control system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network. In: 2007 international conference on wireless communications, networking and mobile computing. IEEE, pp 2563–2567

Zwingmann N, Mackinnon IDR, Gilkes RJ (2011) Use of a zeolite synthesised from alkali treated kaolin as a K fertiliser: glasshouse experiments on leaching and uptake of K by wheat plants in sandy soil. Appl Clay Sci 53(4):684–690