1Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
2SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
3Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai 200030, China
4School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
5Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
6Department of Neurological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
7Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA