A case report of new onset graves’ disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccine?

Walid Hamouche1, Yahya El Soufi2, Saleh Alzaraq3, Belonwu Valentine Okafor4, Fan Zhang5,6, Christos Paras5
1Internal Medicine Department, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, 1 Brookdale Plaza, Brooklyn, NY, USA
2Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
3Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman, Jordan
4Nnmadi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria
5Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, 1 Brookdale Plaza, Brooklyn, NY, USA
6Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

World Health Organization, 2020 Garg, 2020, Endocrine involvement in COVID-19: mechanisms, clinical features, and implications for care, Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab., 24, 381, 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_440_20 Mateu-Salat, 2020, SARS-COV-2 as a trigger for autoimmune disease: report of two cases of Graves' disease after COVID-19, J. endocrinol. invest., 43, 1527, 10.1007/s40618-020-01366-7 Lui, 2021, Thyroid dysfunction in relation to immune profile, disease status, and outcome in 191 patients with COVID-19, The J. Clinic. Endo. Metab., 106, e926, 10.1210/clinem/dgaa813 Brüssow, 2021, COVID‐19: vaccine's progress, Microb. Biotechnol., 10.1111/1751-7915.13818 Dotan, 2021, The SARS-CoV-2 as an instrumental trigger of autoimmunity, Autoimmun Rev, 102792, 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102792 Murugan, 2021, SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in inducing hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease, Endocrine, 1 Mullur, 2014, Thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism, Physiol Rev, 94, 355, 10.1152/physrev.00030.2013 Pokhrel, 2020 Diana, 2018, Thyrotropin receptor blocking antibodies, Horm Metab Res, 50, 853, 10.1055/a-0723-9023 Cui, 2019, Establishment of clinical diagnosis model of Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, J Transl Med, 17, 1, 10.1186/s12967-018-1765-3 Vitti, 1995, Thyroid blood flow evaluation by color-flow Doppler sonography distinguishes Graves' disease from Hashimoto's thyroiditis, J. endocrinol. invest., 18, 857, 10.1007/BF03349833 Geffner, 1992, β-Adrenergic blockade for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, Am J Med, 93, 61, 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90681-Z Ross, 2016, 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis, Thyroid, 26, 1343, 10.1089/thy.2016.0229 Tsatsoulis, 2000, The effect of thyrotoxicosis on adrenocortical reserve, Eur J Endocrinol, 142, 231, 10.1530/eje.0.1420231 Allam, 2021, Thyroid disease and covid‐19 infection: case series, Clinical Case Reports, 9, 10.1002/ccr3.4225 Brancatella, 2020, Subacute thyroiditis after Sars-COV-2 infection, The J. Clinic. Endo. Metab., 105, 2367, 10.1210/clinem/dgaa276 Asfuroglu Kalkan, 2020, A case of subacute thyroiditis associated with Covid-19 infection, J. endocrinol. invest., 43, 1173, 10.1007/s40618-020-01316-3 Ippolito, 2020, SARS-CoV-2: a potential trigger for subacute thyroiditis? Insights from a case report, J. endocrinol. invest., 43, 1171, 10.1007/s40618-020-01312-7 Vera-Lastra, 2021, Two cases of Graves' disease following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: an autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants, Thyroid, 10.1089/thy.2021.0142 Watad, 2017, Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants and thyroid autoimmunity, Front Endocrinol, 7, 150, 10.3389/fendo.2016.00150 Ruiz, 2017, Adjuvants-and vaccines-induced autoimmunity: animal models, Immunol Res, 65, 55, 10.1007/s12026-016-8819-5 Bragazzi, 2020, ASIA syndrome and endocrine autoimmune disorders, Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metabol, 34, 101412, 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101412