Drug resistance profile of biofilm forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from aquatic environment in South Eastern Nigeria

Abidi, 2013, Drug resistance profile and biofilm forming potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from contact lenses in Karachi-Pakistan, BMC Ophthalmol., 13, 57, 10.1186/1471-2415-13-57 Agah, 2018, Microbiological quality of natural spring waters in Enugu and Ebonyi state, south/East Nigeria, J. Biol. Chem. Pharm., 2, 1 Akingbade, 2012, Plasmid profile analysis of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound infections in South West, Nigeria, World Appl. Sci. J., 20, 766 Anderl, 2003, Role of nutrient limitation and stationary-phase existence in Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm resistance to ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 251, 10.1128/AAC.47.4.1251-1256.2003 Baltrus, 2013, Exploring the costs of horizontal gene transfer, Trends in Ecol. Evol., 28, 489, 10.1016/j.tree.2013.04.002 Brown, 1988, Resistance of bacterial biofilms to antibiotics: a growth-rate related effect?, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 22, 777, 10.1093/jac/22.6.777 Chan, 2018, Monitoring biofilm function in new and matured full-scale slow sand filters using flow cytometric histogram image comparison (CHIC), Water Res., 138, 27, 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.032 Ciofu, 2012, Phenotypes selected during chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients: implications for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infections, FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 65, 215, 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2012.00983.x Diab, 2002, Plasmid-encoded transferable antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from drinking water in Ismailia City, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 5, 774, 10.3923/pjbs.2002.774.779 El-Chakhtoura, 2015, Dynamics of bacterial communities before and after distribution in a full-scale drinking water network, Water Res., 74, 180, 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.015 Hancock, 2000, Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: mechanisms and Impact on treatment, Drug Resist. Updat., 3, 247, 10.1054/drup.2000.0152 Herten, 2017, Rapid in vitro quantification of S. aureus biofilms on vascular graft surfaces, Front. Microbiol., 8, 2333, 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02333 Heuer, 2012, Plasmids foster diversification and adaptation of bacterial populations in soil, FEMS Micriobol. Rev., 36, 1083, 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00337.x Heuer, 2009, Spreading antibiotic resistance through spread manure: characteristics of a novel plasmid type with a low%G+C content, Eviron. Microbiol., 11, 937, 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01819.x Holinger, 2014, Molecular analysis of point-of-use municipal drinking water microbiology, Water Res., 49, 225, 10.1016/j.watres.2013.11.027 Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), (2017). Guidelines for the prevention and control of infection from water systems in healthcare facilities. Prepared by the prevention and control of infection from water systems in healthcare facilities sub- committee of the HPSC scientific advisory committee. http://www.hpsc.ie/aboutpsc/scientificcomees/sub-committeesofhpscsac/waterguidelinessub-committee/Watersystem20in healthcare20facilities20FINAL amended May 2017.pdf/, 2017 (accessed 15 May 2021). Irie Y., Roberts A.E.L., Kragh K.N., Gordon V.D., Hutchison J., Allen R.J., Melaugh G., Bjarnsholt T., West S.A., Diggle S.P., The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSL polysaccharide is a social but noncheatable trait in biofilms. Microbe Biol., 8, e00374-17. 10.1128/mBio.00374-17. Iroha, 2010, Detection of plasmid borne extended spectrum beta lactamase enzymes from blood and urine isolates of gram-negative bacteria from a university teaching hospital in Nigeria, Curr. Res. Bacteriol., 3, 77, 10.3923/crb.2010.77.83 Iroha, 2020, Comparative assessment of physicochemical characteristics, metal levels and anion contents of water from different aquatic environments in Ebonyi State, Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res., 29 Junying, 2018, Distribution and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in sand settling reservoirs and drinking water treatment plants across the Yellow River, China, Water, 10, 246, 10.3390/w10030246 Kekeç, 2016, Effects of chlorine stress on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and analysis of related gene expressions, Curr. Microbiol., 73, 228, 10.1007/s00284-016-1056-2 Kilb, 2003, Contamination of drinking water by coliforms from biofilms grown on rubber-coated valves, Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health, 206, 563, 10.1078/1438-4639-00258 Lambert, 2002, Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. R. Soc. Med., 95, 22 Lautenschlager, 2014, Abundance and composition of indigenous bacterial communities in a multi-step biofiltration-based drinking water treatment plant, Water Res., 62, 40, 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.035 Lefebvre, 2017, Association between Pseudomonas aeruginosa Positive Water Samples and Healthcare Associated Cases: nine-year Study at One University Hospital, J. Hosp. Infect., 96, 238, 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.12.007 Liezl, 2006, Characterization of integrons and tetracycline resistance determinants in Aeromonas spp. isolated from South African Aquaculture Systems, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 114, 295 Loveday, 2014, Review association between healthcare water systems and pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a rapid systematic review, J. Hosp. Infect., 86, 7, 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.09.010 Lucia, 2009, Microbial Characterization of water and biofilms in drinking water distribution systems at sport facilities. Department of environment and primary prevention, Instituto Superioredi Sanità, Roma, Italy”, Cent. Eur. J. Publ. Health, 17, 99, 10.21101/cejph.a3511 Ma, 2013, Non-invasive determination of conjugative transfer of plasmids bearing antibiotic-resistance genes in biofilm-bound bacteria: effects of substrate loading and antibiotic selection, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 97, 317, 10.1007/s00253-012-4179-9 Maes, 2019, Occurrence and characterisation of biofilms in drinking water systems of broiler houses, BMC Microbiol., 19, 77, 10.1186/s12866-019-1451-5 Millan, 2018, Integrative analysis of fitness and metabolic effects of plasmids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, The ISME J., 12, 3014, 10.1038/s41396-018-0224-8 Moller, 1996, Activity and three-dimensional distribution of toluene degrading Pseudomonas putida in a multispecies biofilm assessed by quantitative in-situ hybridisatrion and scanning confocal laser microscopy, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 4632, 10.1128/aem.62.12.4632-4640.1996 Moritz, 2010, Integration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Legionella pneumophila in drinking water biofilms grown on domestic plumbing materials, Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health, 213, 190, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2010.05.003 Mulamattathil, 2014, Isolation of environmental bacteria from surface and drinking water in Mafikeng, South Africa and characterization using their antibiotic resistance profiles, J. Pathogens, 10.1155/2014/371208 Nagoba, 2012, Antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa –a review, J. Med. Educ. Res., 2, 1 Naserian, 2018, The frequency of VIM 2, 3, 9, 11 and VIM among metallo-beta-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Ilam Univ. Med. Sci., 26, 43 Okafor, 2015, Presence of multi drug resistant coliform bacteria isolated from biofilm of sachet and borehole waters sold in Abakaliki metropolis, Ebonyi state, Nigeria, Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res., 4, 59 Okafor, 2015, Antimicrobial resistance pattern of coliform bacteria isolated from sachet and borehole waters sold in Abakaliki metropolis of Ebonyi State, Nigeria, Int. J. Inno. Sci. Res., 16, 526 Olayinka, 2009, Antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the surgical unit of a university teaching hospital in North Central Nigeria, Int. J. Med. Med. Sci., 1, 79 Onuoha, 2016, Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria from abattoir wastes and it's receiving waters at Nkwo-Ezzamgbo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, World J. Med. Sci., 13, 242 Pinto, 2012, Bacterial community structure in the drinking water microbiome is governed by filtration processes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 8851, 10.1021/es302042t Ranita, 2018, Strategies for combating bacterial biofilms: a focus on anti-biofilm agents and their mechanisms of action, Virulence, 9, 522, 10.1080/21505594.2017.1313372 M. Samadpour, Molecular Typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Distribution Systems, American Water Works Association Research Foundation and American Water Works Association (AWWARF and AWWA), Denver, USA 2001. Sanchez-Vizuete, 2015, Pathogens protection against the action of disinfectants in multispecies biofilms”, Front. Microbiol., 6, 705, 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00705 Sandy, 2019, Bacterial release from pipe biofilm in a full-scale drinking water distribution system, NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes, 5, 9, 10.1038/s41522-019-0082-9 Schwering, 2016, Multi-species biofilms defined from drinking water microorganisms provide increased protection against chlorine disinfection, Biofouling, 29, 917, 10.1080/08927014.2013.816298 Shahid, 2003, Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains Harbouring R-plasmids and AmpC l-lactamases isolated from hospitalized burn patients in a tertiary care hospital of North India, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 228, 181, 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00756-0 Slater, 2008, Progress towards understanding the fate of plasmids in bacteria communities, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 66, 3, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00505.x Smalla, 2015, Plasmid detection, characterization, and ecology, Microbiol. Spectr., 3, 10.1128/microbiolspec.PLAS-0038-2014 Stewart, 2001, Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms, Lancet, 358, 135, 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05321-1 Stjärne, 2016, Acetic acid as a decontamination method for sink drains in a nosocomial outbreak of metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Hosp. Infect., 94, 13, 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.05.009 Suman, 2013, The bacterial biofilms in dialysis water systems and the effect of the sub inhibitory concentrations of chlorine on them, J. Clin. Diag. Res., 7, 849 Treacy, 2019, Drinking water treatment and challenges in developing countries, 1 Vergidis, 2008, Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections: the emerging threat and potential novel treatment options, Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs, 9, 176 Walters, 2003, Contributions of antibiotic penetration, oxygen limitation, and low metabolic activity to tolerance of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 317, 10.1128/AAC.47.1.317-323.2003 Wang, 2012, Effect of disinfectant, water age, and pipe material on occurrence and persistence of legionella, mycobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and two amoebas, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 11566, 10.1021/es303212a Wu, 2015, Strategies for combating bacterial biofilm infections, Int. J. Oral Sci., 7, 1, 10.1038/ijos.2014.65 Zheng, 2019, Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: mechanisms and alternative therapeutic strategies, Biotechnol. Adv., 37, 177, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.013