The importance of epiphytes to total rainfall interception by a tropical montane rain forest in Costa Rica

Journal of Hydrology - Tập 292 - Trang 308-322 - 2004
Dirk Hölscher1, Lars Köhler1, Albert I.J.M. van Dijk2, L.A.(Sampurno) Bruijnzeel2
1Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
2Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Tài liệu tham khảo

Aston, 1979, Rainfall interception by eight small trees, Journal of Hydrology, 42, 383, 10.1016/0022-1694(79)90057-X Ataroff, 2000, Deforestation impact on water dynamics in a Venezuelan Andean cloud forest, Ambio, 29, 440, 10.1579/0044-7447-29.7.440 Blaser, 1987, Standörtliche und waldkundliche Analyse eines Eichenwolkenwaldes (Quercus spp.) der Montanstufe in Costa Rica, Göttinger Beiträge zur Land- und Forstwirtschaft in den Tropen und Subtropen, Band 27, 235 Brouwer, 1996 Bruijnzeel, 2001, Hydrology of tropical montane cloud forests: a reassessment, Land Use and Water Resources Research, 1, 1.1 Bruijnzeel, 1995, Hydrology and biochemistry of tropical montane cloud forests: what do we really know?, 38 Calder, 1986, A study of evaporation from tropical rainforest—West Java, Journal of Hydrology, 89, 13, 10.1016/0022-1694(86)90139-3 Cavelier, 1997, Water balance and nutrient inputs in bulk precipitation in tropical montane cloud forest in Panama, Journal of Hydrology, 193, 83, 10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03151-4 Clark, 1998, Atmospheric deposition and net retention of ions by the canopy in a tropical montane forest, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 27, 10.1017/S0266467498000030 Coxson, 1995, Ecological roles of epiphytes in nutrient cycles of forest ecosystems, 495 van Dijk, 2001, Modelling rainfall interception by vegetation of variable density using an adapted analytical model. Part 1. Model description, Journal of Hydrology, 247, 230, 10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00392-4 Dykes, 1997, Rainfall interception from a lowland tropical rainforest in Brunei, Journal of Hydrology, 200, 260, 10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00023-1 Edwards, 1977, Studies of mineral cycling in a montane rain forest in New Guinea. II. The production and disappearance of litter, Journal of Ecology, 65, 971, 10.2307/2259388 Elsenbeer, 1994, Throughfall in the Terra Firme forest of western Amazonia, New Zealand Journal of Hydrology, 32, 30 Frahm, 1990, The ecology of epiphytic bryophytes on Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah (Malaysia), Nova Hedwigia, 51, 121 Frahm, 1991, An altitudinal zonation of tropical rain forests using bryophytes, Journal of Biogeography, 18, 669, 10.2307/2845548 Gash, 1979, An analytical model of rainfall interception of forests, Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society, 105, 43, 10.1002/qj.49710544304 Gash, 1995, Estimating sparse forest rainfall interception with an analytical model, Journal of Hydrology, 170, 79, 10.1016/0022-1694(95)02697-N Hafkenscheid, R.L.L.J., 2000. Hydrology and Biogeochemistry of Tropical Montane Rain Forests of Contrasting Stature in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica. PhD Thesis, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 302 p. Hafkenscheid, 2002, Water budgets of two upper montane rain forests of contrasting stature in the Blue mountains, Jamaica, 399 Hofstede, 1993, Epiphytic biomass and nutrient status of a Colombian Upper Montane Rain Forest, Selbyana, 14, 37 Hölscher, 2003, Nutrient fluxes in stemflow and throughfall in three successional stages of an upper montane rain forest in Costa Rica, Journal of Tropical Ecology, 19, 1, 10.1017/S0266467403003614 Hölscher, 2004, Forest recovery in the humid tropics: changes in vegetation structure, nutrient pools and the hydrological cycle Holz, 2002, Bryophyte diversity, micro habitat differentiation, and distribution of life forms in Costa Rican upper montane forest, The Bryologist, 105, 334, 10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0334:BDMDAD]2.0.CO;2 Hörmann, 1996, Calculation and simulation of wind controlled canopy interception of a beech forest in Northern Germany, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 79, 131, 10.1016/0168-1923(95)02275-9 Hutjes, 1990, Rainfall interception in the Tai Forest, Ivory-Coast—Application of 2 simulation-models to a humid tropical system, Journal of Hydrology, 114, 259, 10.1016/0022-1694(90)90060-B 1988 Jetten, 1996, Interception of tropical rain forest: performance of a canopy water balance model, Hydrological Processes, 10, 671, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199605)10:5<671::AID-HYP310>3.0.CO;2-A Johannson, 1974, Ecology of vascular epiphytes in West African rain forest, Acta Phytogeograhia Suedia, 59, 1 Jordan, 1981, The water budget of an Amazonian rain forest, Acta Amazonica, 11, 87, 10.1590/1809-43921981111087 Kappelle, 1995, Changes in diversity along a successional gradient in a Costa Rican upper montane Quercus forest, Biodiversity and Conservation, 4, 10, 10.1007/BF00115312 Kappelle, 1996, Successional age and forest structure in a Costa Rican upper montane Quercus forest, Journal of Tropical Ecology, 12, 681, 10.1017/S0266467400009871 Köhler, L., 2002. Die Bedeutung der Epiphyten im ökosystemaren Wasser- und Nährstoffumsatz verschiedener Altersstadien eines Bergregenwaldes in Costa Rica. Berichte des Forschungszentrums Waldökosysteme, Reihe A, Band 181, University of Göttingen, 134 p. Leuschner, Ch., 1986. Niederschlagsinterzeption aus ökologischer Sicht: Mikrometeorologische und physiologische Untersuchungen in krautigen Pflanzenbeständen. Forschungszentrum. Waldökosysteme/Waldsterben, Reihe A, Band 23, University of Göttingen, 134 p. Lloyd, 1988, Spatial variability of throughfall and stemflow measurements in Amazonian rainforest, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 42, 63, 10.1016/0168-1923(88)90067-6 Lloyd, 1988, The measurement and modelling of rainfall interception by Amazonian rainforest, Agriculture and Forest Meteorology, 43, 277, 10.1016/0168-1923(88)90055-X Marquardt, 1963, An algorithm for least-square estimates of non-linear parameters, Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 11, 431, 10.1137/0111030 Nadkarni, 1984, Epiphyte biomass and nutrient capital of a neotropic elfin forest, Biotropica, 16, 249, 10.2307/2387932 Nash, 1970, River flow forecasting through conceptual models. Part I. A discussion of principles, Journal of Hydrology, 10, 282, 10.1016/0022-1694(70)90255-6 Perry, 1978, A method of access into the crowns of emergent and canopy trees, Biotropica, 10, 155, 10.2307/2388019 Pócs, 1980, The epiphytic biomass and its effect on the water balance of two rain forest types in the Uluguru Mountains (Tanzania, East Africa), Acta Botanica Hungarica, 26, 143 Richardson, 2000, Effects of nutrient availability and other elevational changes on bromeliad populations and their invertebrate communities in a humid tropical forest in Puerto Rico, Journal of Tropical Ecology, 16, 167, 10.1017/S0266467400001346 Roberts, 1996, An overview of the leaf area index and physiological measurements during ABRACOS, 287 Roberts, 2004, Controls of evaporation in lowland tropical rain forest Rowe, 1983, Rainfall interception by an evergreen beech forest, Nelson, New Zealand, Journal of Hydrology, 66, 143, 10.1016/0022-1694(83)90182-8 Rutter, 1971, A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests. I. Derivation of the model from observations in a plantation of Corsican pine, Agricultural Meteorology, 9, 367, 10.1016/0002-1571(71)90034-3 Schellekens, 1999, Modelling rainfall interception by a lowland tropical rain forest in northeastern Puerto Rico, Journal of Hydrology, 225, 168, 10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00157-2 Steinhardt, 1979 Tanner, 1980, Studies on the biomass and productivity in a series of montane rain forests in Jamaica, Journal of Ecology, 68, 573, 10.2307/2259423 Tobón-Marin, 1999 Ubarana, 1996, Observations and modelling of rainfall interception at two experimental sites in Amazonia, 151 Veneklaas, 1991, Litterfall and nutrient fluxes in two montane rain forests, Colombia, Journal of Tropical Ecology, 7, 319, 10.1017/S0266467400005587 Veneklaas, 1990, Rainfall interception in two tropical montane rain forests, Colombia, Hydrological Processes, 4, 311, 10.1002/hyp.3360040403 Waterloo, 1999, Evaporation from Pinus caribea plantations on former grassland soils under maritime tropical conditions, Water Resources Research, 35, 2133, 10.1029/1999WR900006 Weaver, 1986, Ecological observations in the dwarf cloud forest of the Luquillo Mountains in Puerto Rico, Biotropica, 18, 79, 10.2307/2388367 West, 1999, A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems, Nature, 400, 664, 10.1038/23251 Wilcke, 2001, Changes in water quality during the passage through a tropical montane rain forest in Ecuador, Biogeochemistry, 55, 45, 10.1023/A:1010631407270