The role of serotonin in drug use and addiction

Abdollahian, 2006, Study of the efficacy of fluoxetine and clomipramine in the treatment of premature ejaculation after opioid detoxification, Am J Addict, 15, 100, 10.1080/10550490500419151 Abel, 1980 Acosta, 2005, Stimulation of 5-HT1B receptors decreases cocaine- and sucrose-seeking behaviour, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 80, 297, 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.12.001 Acquas, 1988, 5-HT3 receptors antagonists block morphine- and nicotine- but not amphetamine-induced place-preference conditioning, Pharmacol Res Commun, 20, 1113, 10.1016/S0031-6989(88)80752-5 Adams, 2008, Serotonin depletion in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus: effects on locomotor hyperactivity, prepulse inhibition and learning and memory, Neuropharmacology, 55, 1048, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.06.035 Adell, 1995, Selective destruction of midbrain raphe nuclei by 5,7-DHT: is brain 5-HT involved in alcohol drinking in Sprague-Dawley rats?, Brain Res, 693, 70, 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00701-Q Adell, 2010, Serotonin interaction with other neurotransmitter systems, 259 Adriaens, 2012, The influence of morphine on cerebral 5-HT2A availability in dogs: a SPECT study, J Nucl Med, 53, 1969, 10.2967/jnumed.112.103796 Agatsuma, 2006, Monoamine oxidase A knockout mice exhibit impaired nicotine preference but normal responses to novel stimuli, Hum Mol Genet, 15, 2721, 10.1093/hmg/ddl206 Ago, 2006, Effects of osemozotan, ritanserin and azasetron on cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 85, 198, 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.07.036 Ago, 2006, Attenuation by the 5-HT1A receptor agonist osemozotan of the behavioral effects of single and repeated methamphetamine in mice, Neuropharmacology, 51, 914, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.06.001 Agrawal, 2011, A candidate gene association study of alcohol consumption in young women, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 35, 550, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01372.x Ahmed, 1998, Transition from moderate to excessive drug intake: change in hedonic set point, Science, 282, 298, 10.1126/science.282.5387.298 Ahmed, 2000, Neurobiological evidence for hedonic allostasis associated with escalating cocaine use, Nat Neurosci, 5, 625, 10.1038/nn872 Ahmed, 2005, Transition to drug addiction: a negative reinforcement model based on an allostatic decrease in reward function, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 180, 473, 10.1007/s00213-005-2180-z Ahmed, 2010, Validation crisis in animal models of drug addiction: beyond non-disordered drug use toward drug addiction, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 35, 172, 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.04.005 Ahtee, 1989, Changes in brain monoamine metabolism during withdrawal from chronic oral self-administration of morphine and in response to a morphine challenge in the withdrawn state, J Pharmacol Exp Therap, 249, 303 Alexander, 2012, Disruptions in serotonergic regulation of cortical glutamate release in primate insular cortex in response to chronic ethanol and nursery rearing, Neuroscience, 207, 167, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.01.027 Ali, 1996, 8-OH-DPAT enhances the expression of cocaine-induced place preference, Br J Pharmacol Suppl, 119, 207P Ali, 1997, Buspirone fails to affect cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in the mouse, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 58, 311, 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00239-6 Allan, 2001, Conditioned place preference for cocaine is attenuated in mice over-expressing the 5-HT(3) receptor, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 158, 18, 10.1007/s002130100833 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV). Washington DC; 1994. Anastasio, 2014, Functional status of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) drives interlocked phenotypes that precipitate relapse-like behaviors in cocaine dependence, Neuropsychopharmacology, 39, 370, 10.1038/npp.2013.199 Andrade, 2011, Administration of the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB-242084 into the nucleus accumbens blocks the expression of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in Albino Swiss mice, Neuroscience, 189, 178, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.028 Andrews, 2001, Effects of cocaine on extracellular dopamine and serotonin levels in the nucleus accumbens, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 155, 221, 10.1007/s002130100704 Anneken, 2012, MDMA produces a delayed and sustained increase in the extracellular concentration of glutamate in the rat hippocampus, Neuropharmacology, 63, 1022, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.07.026 Arnold, 1995, 5HT3 receptor antagonists do not block nicotine induced hyperactivity in rats, Psychopharmacology, 119, 213, 10.1007/BF02246163 Aronson, 1995, Serotonergic mechanisms of cocaine effects in humans, Psychopharmacology, 119, 179, 10.1007/BF02246159 Arpin-Bott, 2006, Induction by cocaine of the serotonergic 5-HT3 receptor in rat cerebellum, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1074, 382, 10.1196/annals.1369.038 Arroyo, 1998, Acquisition, maintenance and reinstatement of intravenous cocaine self-administration under a second-order schedule of reinforcement in rats: effects of conditioned cues and continuous access to cocaine, Psychopharmacology, 140, 331, 10.1007/s002130050774 Auclair, 2004, 5-HT2A and alpha 1b-adrenergic receptors entirely mediate dopamine release, locomotor response and behavioural sensitization to opiates and psychostimulants, Eur J Neurosci, 20, 3073, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03805.x Auclair, 2010, The central serotonin 2B receptor: a new pharmacological target to modulate the mesoaccumbens dopaminergic pathway activity, J Neurochem, 114, 1323 Avraham, 2004, Very low doses of delta 8-THC increase food consumption and alter neurotransmitter levels following weight loss, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 77, 675, 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.01.015 Baker, 1993, The role of monoamine uptake in the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine and related compounds, Behav Pharmacol, 4, 69, 10.1097/00008877-199302000-00008 Baker, 1997, Time course analysis of the discriminative stimulus effects of the optical isomers of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 58, 505, 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00287-6 Baker, 2001, Influence of individual differences and chronic fluoxetine treatment on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 155, 18, 10.1007/s002130000676 Ball, 2005, Role of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C/B receptors in the acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on striatal single-unit activity and locomotion in freely moving rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 181, 676, 10.1007/s00213-005-0038-z Bambico, 2012, Effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on behavioral despair and on pre- and postsynaptic serotonergic transmission, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 38, 88, 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.006 Banks, 2008, Effects of cocaine and MDMA self-administration on serotonin transporter availability in monkeys, Neuropsychopharmacology, 33, 219, 10.1038/sj.npp.1301420 Bankson, 2001, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a unique model of serotonin receptor function and serotonin-dopamine interactions, J Pharmacol Exp Therap, 297, 846 Bankson, 2002, Pharmacological studies of the acute effects of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on locomotor activity: role of 5-HT(1B/1D) and 5-HT(2) receptors, Neuropsychopharmacology, 26, 40, 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00345-1 Baptista-Hon, 2012, The 5-HT3B subunit affects high-potency inhibition of 5-HT3 receptors by morphine, Br J Pharmacol, 165, 693, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01582.x Bardo, 2000, Conditioned place preference: what does it add to our preclinical understanding of drug reward?, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 153, 31, 10.1007/s002130000569 Bare, 1998, Development of rapid tolerance to ethanol-stimulated serotonin release in the ventral hippocampus, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 22, 1272, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03908.x Barot, 2007, 5-HT(1B) receptors in nucleus accumbens efferents enhance both rewarding and aversive effects of cocaine, Eur J Neurosci, 25, 3125, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05568.x Barr, 2004, Interaction between serotonin transporter gene variation and rearing condition in alcohol preference and consumption in female primates, Arch Gen Psychiatry, 61, 1146, 10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1146 Barr, 2011, Serotonergic neurotransmission in the ventral hippocampus is enhanced by corticosterone and altered by chronic amphetamine treatment, Neuroscience, 182, 105, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.020 Barr, 2013, Influence of chronic amphetamine treatment and acute withdrawal on serotonin synthesis and clearance mechanisms in the rat ventral hippocampus, Eur J Neurosci, 37, 479, 10.1111/ejn.12050 Batki, 1996, A controlled trial of fluoxetine in crack cocaine dependence, Drug Alcohol Depend, 41, 137, 10.1016/0376-8716(96)01233-1 Batman, 2005, Attenuation of nicotine's discriminative stimulus effects in rats and its locomotor activity effects in mice by serotonergic 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonists, Psychopharmacology, 179, 393, 10.1007/s00213-004-2035-z Baumann, 1998, Alterations in serotonergic responsiveness during cocaine withdrawal in rats: Similarities to major depression in humans, Biol Psychiat, 44, 578, 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00123-1 Baumann, 2007, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 189, 407, 10.1007/s00213-006-0322-6 Baumann, 2008, Locomotor stimulation produced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is correlated with dialysate levels of serotonin and dopamine in rat brain, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 90, 208, 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.02.018 Baumann, 2011, Serotonin (5-HT) precursor loading with 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5-HTP) reduces locomotor activation produced by (+)-amphetamine in the rat, Drug Alcohol Depend, 114, 147 Barros, 2013, Decreased methylation of the NK3 receptor coding gene (TACR3) after cocaine-induced place preference in marmoset monkeys, Addict Biol, 18, 452, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00409.x Bedford, 1980, Comparative behavioral profile of cocaine and norcocaine in rats and monkeys, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 13, 69, 10.1016/0091-3057(80)90122-7 Belin, 2009, High impulsivity predicts the switch to compulsive cocaine-taking, Science, 320, 1352, 10.1126/science.1158136 Bengel, 1998, Altered brain serotonin homeostasis and locomotor insensitivity to 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”) in serotonin transporter-deficient mice, Mol Pharmacol, 53, 649, 10.1124/mol.53.4.649 Belzung, 2000, Absence of cocaine-induced place conditioning in serotonin 1B receptor knock-out mice, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 66, 221, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00238-0 Bergman, 2013, Modification of cocaine self-administration by buspirone (buspar(R)): potential involvement of D3 and D4 dopamine receptors, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 16, 445, 10.1017/S1461145712000661 Berthold, 1989, 5-HT1 receptor agonists attenuate the naloxone-induced jumping behaviour in morphine-dependent mice, Eur J Pharmacol, 162, 19, 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90599-2 Besson, 2013, Cocaine modulation of frontostriatal expression of Zif268, D2, and 5-HT2c receptors in high and low impulsive rats, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 1963, 10.1038/npp.2013.95 Bilsky, 1991, MDL72222, a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, blocks MDMA's ability to establish a conditioned place preference, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 39, 509, 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90217-P Bisaga, 1993, The effect of drugs interacting with serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors on morphine place conditioning, Pol J Pharmacol, 45, 513 Bland, 2003, Stressor controllability modulates stress-induced dopamine and serotonin efflux and morphine-induced serotonin efflux in the medial prefrontal cortex, Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, 1589, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300206 Bleich, 2007, Association of the long allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with compulsive craving in alcohol dependence, Alcohol Alcohol, 42, 509, 10.1093/alcalc/agm068 Boyce-Rustay, 2006, Ethanol-related behaviors in serotonin transporter knockout mice, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 30, 1957, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00241.x Bradberry, 1993, Cocaine and cocaethylene: microdialysis comparison of brain drug levels and effects on dopamine and serotonin, J Neurochem, 60, 1429, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03305.x Bradbury, 2013, Acquisition of MDMA self-administration: pharmacokinetic factors and MDMA-induced serotonin release, Addict Biol Braida, 2005, 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) is mediated by endocannabinoid system, Pharmacol Res, 51, 177, 10.1016/j.phrs.2004.07.009 Brand, 2013, Global ethanol-induced enhancements of monoaminergic neurotransmission: a meta-analysis study, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 37, 2048, 10.1111/acer.12207 Brody, 2005, Depression vulnerability, cigarette smoking, and the serotonin transporter gene, Addictive Behaviors, 30, 557, 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.08.005 Bronsert, 2001, Amphetamine-induced locomotor activation in 5-HT(1B) knockout mice: effects of injection route on acute and sensitized responses, Behav Pharmacol, 12, 549, 10.1097/00008877-200111000-00017 Bubar, 2003, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors enhance cocaine-induced locomotor activity and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, Neuropharmacology, 44, 342, 10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00381-7 Budygin, 2004, Dissociation of rewarding and dopamine transporter-mediated properties of amphetamine, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 101, 7781, 10.1073/pnas.0401418101 Burbassi, 2008, Stimulation of serotonin2C receptors influences cocaine-seeking behavior in response to drug-associated stimuli in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 196, 15, 10.1007/s00213-007-0916-7 Burmeister, 2003, Effects of fluoxetine and d-fenfluramine on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 168, 146, 10.1007/s00213-002-1307-8 Burmeister, 2004, Differential roles of 5-HT receptor subtypes in cue and cocaine reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 660, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300346 Burnett, 2012, The effects of chronic ethanol self-administration on hippocampal serotonin transporter density in monkeys, Front Psychiatry, 3, 38, 10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00038 Burnett, 2014, The effects of chronic ethanol self-administration on hippocampal 5-HT receptors in monkeys, Drug Alcohol Depend, 136, 135, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.002 Burton, 2013, Antagonizing 5-HT(2)A receptors with M100907 and stimulating 5-HT(2)C receptors with Ro60-0175 blocks cocaine-induced locomotion and zif268 mRNA expression in Sprague-Dawley rats, Behav Brain Res, 240, 171, 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.11.030 Caillé, 2002, Dorsal and median raphe serotonergic system lesion does not alter the opiate withdrawal syndrome, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 72, 979, 10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00810-9 Callahan, 1995, Modulation of the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine by 5-HT1B and 5-HT2C receptors, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 274, 1414 Callahan, 1997, Modulation of the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine: comparison of the effects of fluoxetine with 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptor agonists, Neuropharmacology, 36, 373, 10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00010-5 Callaway, 1990, Serotonin release contributes to the locomotor stimulant effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 254, 456 Callaway, 1992, Tolerance and cross-tolerance to the activating effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and a 5-hydroxytryptamine1B agonist, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 263, 318 Callaway, 1992, Serotonin 5-HT1-like receptors mediate hyperactivity in rats induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, Neuropsychopharmacology, 7, 113 Camp, 1994, The effects of methamphetamine and cocaine on motor behavior and extracellular dopamine in the ventral striatum of Lewis versus Fischer-344 rats, Brain Research, 668, 180, 10.1016/0006-8993(94)90523-1 Cantin, 2010, Cocaine is low on the value ladder of rats: possible evidence for resilience to addiction, PLoS ONE, 5, e11592, 10.1371/journal.pone.0011592 Cao, 2013, Associations of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B gene (HTR1B) with alcohol, cocaine, and heroin abuse, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 162B, 169, 10.1002/ajmg.b.32128 Cao, 2013, Multi-cultural association of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) with substance use disorder, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 1737, 10.1038/npp.2013.73 Cao, 2014, Association of the HTR2A gene with alcohol and heroin abuse, Hum Genet, 133, 357, 10.1007/s00439-013-1388-y Cao, 2011, Association between the 5-HTR1B gene polymorphisms and alcohol dependence in a Han Chinese population, Brain Res, 1376, 1, 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.039 Capriles, 2012, Individual differences in the improvement of cocaine-induced place preference response by the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB242084 in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 220, 731, 10.1007/s00213-011-2524-9 Carboni, 1988, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists block morphine- and nicotine-induced place-preference conditioning, Eur J Pharmacol, 151, 159, 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90710-8 Carboni, 1989, 5HT3 receptor antagonists block morphine- and nicotine- but not amphetamine-induced reward, Psychopharmacology, 97, 175, 10.1007/BF00442245 Carey, 2001, Cocaine and serotonin: a role for the 5-HT(1A) receptor site in the mediation of cocaine stimulant effects, Behav Brain Res, 126, 127, 10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00253-4 Carey, 2002, 5-HT1A agonist/antagonist modification of cocaine stimulant effects: implications for cocaine mechanisms, Behav Brain Res, 132, 37, 10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00383-7 Carey, 2004, Dopaminergic and serotonergic autoreceptor stimulation effects are equivalent and additive in the suppression of spontaneous and cocaine induced locomotor activity, Brain Research, 1019, 134, 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.05.091 Carey, 2004, The 5-HT(1A) receptor and behavioral stimulation in the rat: effects of 8-OHDPAT on spontaneous and cocaine-induced behavior, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 177, 46, 10.1007/s00213-004-1917-4 Carey, 2005, Evidence that the 5-HT1A autoreceptor is an important pharmacological target for the modulation of cocaine behavioral stimulant effects, Brain Research, 1034, 162, 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.012 Carey, 2005, Pharmacological inhibition of DA- and 5-HT activity blocks spontaneous and cocaine-activated behavior: reversal by chronic cocaine treatment, Brain Research, 1047, 194, 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.042 Carey, 2005, Stimulus gated cocaine sensitization: interoceptive drug cue control of cocaine locomotor sensitization, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 82, 353, 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.09.005 Carey, 2008, Pharmacological inhibition of dopamine and serotonin activity blocks spontaneous and cocaine-activated behaviour, Prog Brain Res, 172, 347, 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00917-5 Carey, 2008, Behavior selectively elicited by novel stimuli: modulation by the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT and antagonist WAY-100635, Behav Pharmacol, 19, 361, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283096848 Carey, 2013, Serotonin and behavioral stimulant effects of addictive drugs, 231 Carlsson, 1999, The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907 is more effective in counteracting NMDA antagonist- than dopamine agonist-induced hyperactivity in mice, J Neural Transm, 106, 123, 10.1007/s007020050144 Carpenter, 2004, The effect of sertraline and environmental context on treating depression and illicit substance use among methadone maintained opiate dependent patients: a controlled clinical trial, Drug Alcohol Depend, 74, 123, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.11.015 Carrao, 2007, The efficacy of the combination of sertraline with buspirone for smoking cessation – a randomized clinical trial in nondepressed smokers, Eur Arch Psychiat Clin Neurosci, 257, 383, 10.1007/s00406-007-0726-2 Caspi, 2003, Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene, Science, 301, 386, 10.1126/science.1083968 Cassel, 2010, Experimental studies on the role (s) of serotonin in learning and memory functions, 429 Castanon, 2000, Modulation of the effects of cocaine by 5-HT1B receptors: a comparison of knockouts and antagonists, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 67, 559, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00389-0 Cervo, 1996, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists do not modify cocaine place conditioning or the rise in extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens of rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 55, 33, 10.1016/0091-3057(96)00046-9 Cervo, 2002, Stimulation of serotonin1B receptors induces conditioned place aversion and facilitates cocaine place conditioning in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 163, 142, 10.1007/s00213-002-1145-8 Cervo, 2003, Cocaine-seeking behavior in response to drug-associated stimuli in rats: Involvement receptors of D-3 and D-2 dopamine receptors, Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, 1150, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300169 Chadwick, 1990, A double-blind amino acids l-tryptophan and l-tyrosine, and placebo study with cocaine-dependent subjects in an inpatient chemical dependency treatment center, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 16, 275, 10.3109/00952999009001589 Chaouloff, 1999, GR 127935 reduces basal locomotor activity and prevents RU 24969-, but not d-amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, in the Wistar-Kyoto hyperactive (WKHA) rat, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 141, 326, 10.1007/s002130050841 Chen, 2004, Epidemiological estimates of risk in the process of becoming dependent upon cocaine: cocaine hydrochloride powder versus crack cocaine, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 172, 78, 10.1007/s00213-003-1624-6 Chen, 2011, Different phenotypic and genotypic presentations in alcohol dependence: age at onset matters, J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 72, 752, 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.752 Chisholm, 1993, Death, hope, and sex. Life-history theory and the development of reproductive strategies, Curr Anthropol, 34, 1, 10.1086/204131 Chu, 2009, Association between 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene-linked polymorphic region and smoking behavior in Chinese males, Chin Med J (Engl), 122, 1365 Ciccocioppo, 1997, Blockade of pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors does not modify the effect of fluoxetine or 5-hydroxytryptophan on ethanol and food intake in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 134, 55, 10.1007/s002130050425 Cigler, 2001, Novel and previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human 5-HT(1B) receptor gene: no association with cocaine or alcohol abuse or dependence, Am J Med Genet, 105, 489, 10.1002/ajmg.1473 Collins, 2013, Parallel changes in serotonin levels in brain and blood following acute administration of MDMA, J Psychopharmacol, 27, 109, 10.1177/0269881112463123 Colpaert, 2006, High-efficacy 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor activation counteracts opioid hyperallodynia and affective conditioning, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 316, 892, 10.1124/jpet.105.095109 Conductier, 2005, 3,4-N-methlenedioxymethamphetamine-induced hypophagia is maintained in 5-HT1B receptor knockout mice, but suppressed by the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist RS102221, Neuropsychopharmacology, 30, 1056, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300662 Contini, 2012, A haplotype analysis is consistent with the role of functional HTR1B variants in alcohol dependence, Drug Alcohol Depend, 122, 100, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.020 Cornish, 2001, A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ritanserin pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependence, Drug Alcohol Depend, 61, 183, 10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00140-X Corrigall, 1994, Nicotine self-administration and locomotor activity are not modified by the 5-HT3 antagonist ICS 205-930 and MDL 72222, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 49, 67, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90457-X Cosgrove, 2010, Dopamine and serotonin transporter availability in chronic heroin users: a [(1)(2)(3)I]beta-CIT SPECT imaging study, Psychiatry Res, 184, 192, 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.001 Costall, 1987, Effects of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, GR38032F, on raised dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system of the rat and marmoset brain, Br J Pharmacol, 92, 881, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11394.x Costall, 1990, Ondansetron inhibits a behavioural consequence of withdrawing from drugs of abuse, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 36, 339, 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90414-D Costall, 1990, Sites of action of ondansetron to inhibit withdrawal from drugs of abuse, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 36, 97, 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90132-2 Covault, 2007, Interactive effects of the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and stressful life events on college student drinking and drug use, Biol Psychiatry, 61, 609, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.018 Covey, 2002, A randomized trial of sertraline as a cessation aid for smokers with a history of major depression, Am J Psychiatry, 159, 1731, 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.10.1731 Covi, 1995, Effects of combined fluoxetine and counseling in the outpatient treatment of cocaine abusers, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 21, 327, 10.3109/00952999509002701 Cox, 2011, Effects of lowered serotonin transmission on cocaine-induced striatal dopamine response: PET [(1)(1)C]raclopride study in humans, Br J Psychiatry, 199, 391, 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.084178 Craige, 2013, Serotonin (2C) receptor regulation of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and locomotor sensitization, Behav Brain Res, 238, 206, 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.10.034 Cropp, 1995, Ondansetron use for smoking cessation, Ann Pharmacother, 29, 1041, 10.1177/106002809502901016 Cunningham, 1992, Chronic cocaine enhances serotonin autoregulation and serotonin uptake binding, Synapse, 11, 112, 10.1002/syn.890110204 Cunningham, 2011, Selective serotonin 5-HT(2C) receptor activation suppresses the reinforcing efficacy of cocaine and sucrose but differentially affects the incentive-salience value of cocaine- vs. sucrose-associated cues, Neuropharmacology, 61, 513, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.04.034 Cunningham, 2013, Synergism between a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) antagonist and 5-HT2CR agonist suggests new pharmacotherapeutics for cocaine addiction, ACS Chem Neurosci, 4, 110, 10.1021/cn300072u Cunningham, 2014, Serotonin at the nexus of impulsivity and cue reactivity in cocaine addiction, Neuropharmacology, 76, 460, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.030 Czoty, 2002, Serotonergic attenuation of the reinforcing and neurochemical effects of cocaine in squirrel monkeys, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 300, 831, 10.1124/jpet.300.3.831 Czoty, 2005, Effects of the 5-HT1A agonist (+/−)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) on cocaine choice in cynomolgus monkeys, Behav Pharmacol, 16, 187, 10.1097/00008877-200505000-00008 Dahl, 2006, Analysis of variations in the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) gene in cocaine dependence, Addict Biol, 11, 76, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00005.x David, 2004, Rewarding effects elicited by cocaine microinjections into the ventral tegmental area of C57BL/6 mice: involvement of dopamine D1 and serotonin1B receptors, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 174, 367, 10.1007/s00213-003-1767-5 David, 2004, The serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and treatment response to nicotine patch: follow-up of a randomized controlled trial, Nicotine Tob Res, 9, 225, 10.1080/14622200601078566 David, 2008, Genetic variation in the serotonin pathway and smoking cessation with nicotine replacement therapy: new data from the Patch in Practice trial and pooled analyses, Drug Alcohol Depend, 98, 77, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.013 Davidson, 2002, Ondansetron given in the acute withdrawal from a repeated cocaine sensitization dosing regimen reverses the expression of sensitization and inhibits self-administration, Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 542 Davidson, 2004, Ondansetron, given during the acute cocaine withdrawal, attenuates oral cocaine self-administration, Eur J Pharmacol, 503, 99, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.09.041 Davidson, 2007, Reduction in methamphetamine induced sensitization and reinstatement after combined pergolide plus ondansetron treatment during withdrawal, Eur J Pharmacol, 565, 113, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.02.056 Daws, 2006, Ethanol inhibits clearance of brain serotonin by a serotonin transporter-independent mechanism, J Neurosci, 26, 6431, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4050-05.2006 Dawson, 2003, Potentiation of amphetamine-induced changes in dopamine and 5-HT by a 5-HT6 receptor antagonist, Brain Res Bull, 59, 513, 10.1016/S0361-9230(02)00967-X de Bruin, 2011, The 5-HT(6) serotonin receptor antagonist SB-271046 attenuates the development and expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitisation in Wistar rats, Neuropharmacology, 61, 451, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.01.045 de Bruin, 2013, A novel highly selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist attenuates ethanol and nicotine seeking but does not affect inhibitory response control in Wistar rats, Behav Brain Res, 236, 157, 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.08.048 Degenhardt, 2012, Extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease, Lancet, 379, 55, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61138-0 De La Garza, 1996, Detailed investigations of 5-HT3 compounds in a drug discrimination model, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 54, 533, 10.1016/0091-3057(95)02207-4 De La Garza, 1998, The discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine: effects of microinfusion of cocaine, a 5-HT1A agonist or antagonist, into the ventral tegmental area, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 137, 1, 10.1007/s002130050586 De La Garza, 2000, The effects of the 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin on spontaneous activity, cocaine-induced hyperactivity and behavioral sensitization: a microanalysis of locomotor activity, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 292, 610 Devoto, 1998, Serotonin is reduced in the frontal cortex of Sardinian ethanol-preferring rats, Alcohol Alcohol, 33, 226, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008386 De Witt, 1981, Reinstatement of cocaine-reinforced responding in the rat, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 75, 134, 10.1007/BF00432175 Depoortere, 1993, Parameters of self-administration of cocaine in rats under a progressive-ratio schedule, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 45, 539, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90503-L Deroche Gamonet, 2004, Evidence for addiction-like behavior in the rat, Science, 305, 1014, 10.1126/science.1099020 Di Chiara, 1988, Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85, 5274, 10.1073/pnas.85.14.5274 Di Chiara, 1995, The role of dopamine in drug abuse viewed from the perspective of its role in motivation, Drug Alcohol Depend, 38, 95, 10.1016/0376-8716(95)01118-I Ding, 2009, Involvement of local serotonin-2A but not serotonin-1B receptors in the reinforcing effects of ethanol within the posterior ventral tegmental area of female Wistar rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 204, 381, 10.1007/s00213-009-1468-9 Ding, 2011, The stimulating effects of ethanol on ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons projecting to the ventral pallidum and medial prefrontal cortex in female Wistar rats: regional difference and involvement of serotonin-3 receptors, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 216, 245, 10.1007/s00213-011-2208-5 Doly, 2008, Serotonin 5-HT2B receptors are required for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion and 5-HT release in vivo and in vitro, J Neurosci, 28, 2933, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5723-07.2008 Doly, 2009, Role of serotonin via 5-HT2B receptors in the reinforcing effects of MDMA in mice, PLoS ONE, 4, e7952, 10.1371/journal.pone.0007952 Dukat, 2007, The 5-HT3 receptor partial agonist MD-354 (meta-chlorophenylguanidine) enhances the discriminative stimulus actions of (+)amphetamine in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 87, 203, 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.03.008 Durazzo, 1994, Cocaine-induced conditioned place approach in rats: the role of dose and route of administration, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 49, 1001, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90255-0 Easton, 2013, alphaCaMKII autophosphorylation controls the establishment of alcohol drinking behavior, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 1636, 10.1038/npp.2013.60 Egashira, 2002, Involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine neuronal system in Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced impairment of spatial memory, Eur J Pharmacol, 445, 221, 10.1016/S0014-2999(02)01755-7 Ehrman, 1996, Failure of ritanserin to block cocaine cue reactivity in humans, Drug Alcohol Depend, 42, 167, 10.1016/S0376-8716(96)01278-1 El-Kadi, 1995, The role of 5-Ht in the expression of morphine-withdrawal in mice, Life Sci, 57, 511, 10.1016/0024-3205(95)00284-D Enoch, 2011, Functional genetic variants that increase synaptic serotonin and 5-HT3 receptor sensitivity predict alcohol and drug dependence, Mol Psychiatry, 16, 1139, 10.1038/mp.2010.94 Enoch, 2012, The influence of gene-environment interactions on the development of alcoholism and drug dependence, Curr Psychiatry Rep, 14, 150, 10.1007/s11920-011-0252-9 Erritzoe, 2009, Brain serotonin 2A receptor binding: relations to body mass index, tobacco and alcohol use, Neuroimage, 46, 23, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.050 Ettenberg, 2007, Effects of buspirone on the immediate positive and delayed negative properties of intravenous cocaine as measured in the conditioned place preference test, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 87, 171, 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.04.014 Ettenberg, 2011, Inactivation of the dorsal raphe nucleus reduces the anxiogenic response of rats running an alley for intravenous cocaine, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 97, 632, 10.1016/j.pbb.2010.11.008 European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Annual report 2012: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2012. Everitt, 2008, Review. Neural mechanisms underlying the vulnerability to develop compulsive drug-seeking habits and addiction, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B: Biol Sci, 363, 3125, 10.1098/rstb.2008.0089 Ezaki, 2008, Short allele of 5-HTTLPR as a risk factor for the development of psychosis in Japanese methamphetamine abusers, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1139, 49, 10.1196/annals.1432.011 Fadda, 1991, MDL 72222, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, suppresses voluntary ethanol consumption in alcohol-preferring rats, Alcohol Alcohol, 26, 107, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a045088 Fadda, 2005, Dopamine and serotonin release in dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens is differentially modulated by morphine in DBA/2J and C57BL/6J mice, Synapse, 56, 29, 10.1002/syn.20122 Faleiro, 2004, Rapid synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic synapses on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area in response to acute amphetamine injection, Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 2115, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300495 Fantegrossi, 2002, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) and its stereoisomers as reinforcers in rhesus monkeys: serotonergic involvement, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 161, 356, 10.1007/s00213-002-1021-6 Fantegrossi, 2003, Pharmacological characterization of the effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) and its enantiomers on lethality, core temperature, and locomotor activity in singly housed and crowded mice, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 166, 202, 10.1007/s00213-002-1261-5 Feinn, 2005, Meta-analysis of the association of a functional serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism with alcohol dependence, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 133B, 79, 10.1002/ajmg.b.30132 Feldstein Ewing, 2012, A preliminary examination of how serotonergic polymorphisms influence brain response following an adolescent cannabis intervention, Psychiatry Res, 204, 112, 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.10.011 Ferguson, 2008, Increased expression of 5-HT6 receptors in the nucleus accumbens blocks the rewarding but not psychomotor activating properties of cocaine, Biol Psychiat, 63, 207, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.018 Fernandez-Castillo, 2013, Association study of 37 genes related to serotonin and dopamine neurotransmission and neurotrophic factors in cocaine dependence, Genes Brain Behav, 12, 39, 10.1111/gbb.12013 Ferre, 1994, Dopaminergic regulation of the serotonergic raphe-striatal pathway – microdialysis studies in freely moving rats, J Neurosci, 14, 4839, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-08-04839.1994 Fijal, 2010, Effects of serotonin (5-HT)6 receptor ligands on responding for cocaine reward and seeking in rats, Pharmacol Rep, 62, 1005, 10.1016/S1734-1140(10)70362-5 Filip, 2001, Serotonin1B receptor ligands in the nucleus accumbens shell do not affect the discriminative stimulus effects of amphetamine in rats, Pol J Pharmacol, 53, 449 Filip, 2001, Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine1B receptors and 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibition in the cocaine-evoked discriminative stimulus effects in rats, J Physiol Pharmacol, 52, 249 Filip, 2002, Effects of serotonin (5-HT)(1B) receptor ligands, microinjected into accumbens subregions, on cocaine discrimination in rats, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 366, 226, 10.1007/s00210-002-0583-5 Filip, 2002, Serotonin 5-HT2C receptors in nucleus accumbens regulate expression of the hyperlocomotive and discriminative stimulus effecs of cocaine, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 71, 745, 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00741-9 Filip, 2003, Effects of 5-HT1B receptor ligands microinjected into the ventral tegmental area on cocaine discrimination in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 459, 239, 10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02873-X Filip, 2003, Hyperlocomotive and discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine are under the control of serotonin(2C) (5-HT(2C)) receptors in rat prefrontal cortex, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 306, 734, 10.1124/jpet.102.045716 Filip, 2004, Contribution of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) 5-HT2 receptor subtypes to the hyperlocomotor effects of cocaine: acute and chronic pharmacological analyses, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 310, 1246, 10.1124/jpet.104.068841 Filip, 2005, The serotonergic system and its role in cocaine addiction, Pharmacol Rep, 57, 685 Filip, 2006, Contribution of serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2 receptor subtypes to the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 183, 482, 10.1007/s00213-005-0197-y Filip, 2010, Behavioral evidence for the significance of serotoninergic (5-HT) receptors in cocaine addiction, Addict Biol, 15, 227, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00214.x Filip, 2012, Pharmacological and genetic interventions in serotonin (5-HT)(2C) receptors to alter drug abuse and dependence processes, Brain Res, 1476, 132, 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.035 Fletcher, 1999, Depletion of brain serotonin following intra-raphe injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine does not alter d-amphetamine self-administration across different schedule and access conditions, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 146, 185, 10.1007/s002130051105 Fletcher, 1999, RU-24969 disrupts d-amphetamine self-administration and responding for conditioned reward via stimulation of 5-HT1B receptors, Behav Pharmacol, 10, 183, 10.1097/00008877-199903000-00007 Fletcher, 2002, Differential effects of the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist M100,907 and the 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonist SB242,084 on cocaine-induced locomotor activity, cocaine self-administration and cocaine-induced reinstatement of responding, Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 576 Fletcher, 2002, Activation of 5-HT1B receptors in the nucleus accumbens reduces self-administration of amphetamine on a progressive ratio schedule, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 71, 717, 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00717-1 Fletcher, 2002, Multiple 5-HT receptors are involved in the effects of acute MDMA treatment: studies on locomotor activity and responding for conditioned reinforcement, Psychopharmacology, 162, 282, 10.1007/s00213-002-1104-4 Fletcher, 2004, Fluoxetine, but not sertraline or citalopram, potentiates the locomotor stimulant effect of cocaine: possible pharmacokinetic effects, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 174, 406, 10.1007/s00213-003-1747-9 Fletcher, 2004, Injection of the 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 into the ventral tegmental area reduces cocaine-induced locomotor activity and cocaine self-administration, Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 308, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300319 Fletcher, 2006, The effects of the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB242084 on locomotor activity induced by selective, or mixed, indirect serotonergic and dopaminergic agonists, Psychopharmacology, 187, 515, 10.1007/s00213-006-0453-9 Fletcher, 2008, The 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 reduces cocaine self-administration and reinstatement induced by the stressor yohimbine, and contextual cues, Neuropsychopharmacology, 33, 1402, 10.1038/sj.npp.1301509 Fletcher, 2011, Impulsive action induced by amphetamine, cocaine and MK801 is reduced by 5-HT(2C) receptor stimulation and 5-HT(2A) receptor blockade, Neuropharmacology, 61, 468, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.02.025 Fletcher, 2012, Effects of the 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 and the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907 on nicotine self-administration and reinstatement, Neuropharmacology, 62, 2288, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.023 Florez, 2008, Association between the Stin2 VNTR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene and treatment outcome in alcohol-dependent patients, Alcohol Alcohol, 43, 516, 10.1093/alcalc/agn048 Francis, 2011, Serotonin 5-HT4 receptors in the nucleus accumbens are specifically involved in the appetite suppressant and not locomotor stimulant effects of MDMA (’ecstasy’), Psychopharmacology (Berl), 213, 355, 10.1007/s00213-010-1982-9 Frankel, 2004, m-Chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) modulates the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine through actions at the 5-HT2C receptor, Behav Neurosci, 118, 157, 10.1037/0735-7044.118.1.157 Franklin, 2013, Cannabinoid-induced upregulation of serotonin 2A receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and anxiety-like behaviors in rats, Neurosci Lett, 548, 165, 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.05.039 Frantz, 2002, 5-HT(6) receptor antagonism potentiates the behavioral and neurochemical effects of amphetamine but not cocaine, Neuropharmacology, 42, 170, 10.1016/S0028-3908(01)00165-4 Furay, 2011, Overexpression of 5-HT(1B) mRNA in nucleus accumbens shell projection neurons differentially affects microarchitecture of initiation and maintenance of ethanol consumption, Alcohol, 45, 19, 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.07.010 Gacek, 2008, Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene and alcohol use among college students, Addict Biol, 13, 440, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2008.00118.x Gao, 2011, Polymorphism G861C of 5-HT receptor subtype 1B is associated with heroin dependence in Han Chinese, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 412, 450, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.07.114 Garduno, 2012, Presynaptic alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors increase glutamate release and serotonin neuron excitability in the dorsal raphe nucleus, J Neurosci, 32, 15148, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0941-12.2012 Gartside, 1996, Effects of repeated administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on 5-hydroxytryptamine neuronal activity and release in the rat brain in vivo, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 279, 277 Gartside, 1997, Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on 5-HT cell firing and release: comparison between dorsal and median raphe 5-HT systems, Neuropharmacology, 36, 1697, 10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00171-8 Gately, 1985, Depletion of brain serotonin by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine alters the response to amphetamine and the habituation of locomotor activity in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 87, 400, 10.1007/BF00432502 Gawin, 1991, Cocaine addiction: psychology and neurophysiology, Science, 251, 1580, 10.1126/science.2011738 George, 2010, Decreased cerebral cortex and liver 5-HT2A receptor gene expression and enhanced ALDH activity in ethanol-treated rats and hepatocyte cultures, Neurol Res, 32, 510, 10.1179/174313209X385554 George, 1997, Behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to m-chlorophenylpiperazine in subtypes of alcoholics and in healthy comparison subjects, Am J Psychiatry, 154, 81, 10.1176/ajp.154.1.81 Gerra, 2004, Association between low-activity serotonin transporter genotype and heroin dependence: behavioral and personality correlates, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 126B, 37, 10.1002/ajmg.b.20111 Gerra, 2004, Analysis of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) promoter polymorphism in male heroin-dependent subjects: behavioural and personality correlates, J Neural Transm, 111, 611, 10.1007/s00702-004-0129-8 Gerra, 2005, Association of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism with smoking behavior among adolescents, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 135B, 73, 10.1002/ajmg.b.30173 Gerra, 2007, Perceived parenting behavior in the childhood of cocaine users: relationship with genotype and personality traits, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 144B, 52, 10.1002/ajmg.b.30388 Geyer, 1987, Effects of apomorphine and amphetamine on patterns of locomotor and investigatory behavior in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 28, 393, 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90460-6 Gilbert, 2009, Neurotransmission-related genetic polymorphisms, negative affectivity traits, and gender predict tobacco abstinence symptoms across 44 days with and without nicotine patch, J Abnorm Psychol, 118, 322, 10.1037/a0015382 Gillies, 1996, Effects of 5-HT3 receptor-selective agents on locomotor activity in rats following injection into the nucleus accumbens and the ventral tegmental area, Eur J Pharmacol, 303, 1, 10.1016/0014-2999(96)00028-3 Glennon, 1992, Further-studies on N-methyl-1(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane as a discriminative stimulus – antagonism by 5-hydroxytryptamine3 antagonists, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 43, 1099, 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90488-2 Glennon, 2000, MDMA stimulus generalization to the 5-HT1A serotonin agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 66, 483, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00174-X Goeldner, 2011, Impaired emotional-like behavior and serotonergic function during protracted abstinence from chronic morphine, Biol Psychiatry, 69, 236, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.08.021 Gokturk, 2008, Serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and monoamine oxidase (MAOA) promoter polymorphisms in women with severe alcoholism, Arch Womens Ment Health, 11, 347, 10.1007/s00737-008-0033-6 Gold, 1988, Stimulant and hallucinogenic behavioral profiles of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 247, 547 Gold, 1992, Effects of buspirone and gepirone on i.v. cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 108, 289, 10.1007/BF02245114 Gongwer, 1989, Regional brain contents of serotonin, dopamine and their metabolites in the selectively bred high- and low-alcohol drinking lines of rats, Alcohol, 6, 317, 10.1016/0741-8329(89)90089-X Gough, 1991, Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Mdma) on monoamines in rat caudate, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 39, 619, 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90137-Q Gould, 2011, Differential effects of cocaine and MDMA self-administration on cortical serotonin transporter availability in monkeys, Neuropharmacology, 61, 245, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.04.007 Grabowski, 1995, Fluoxetine is ineffective for treatment of cocaine dependence or concurrent opiate and cocaine dependence: two placebo-controlled double-blind trials, J Clin Psychopharmacol, 15, 163, 10.1097/00004714-199506000-00004 Grady, 1996, Biological and behavioral responses to d-amphetamine, alone and in combination with the serotonin3 receptor antagonist ondansetron, in healthy volunteers, Psychiat Res, 64, 1, 10.1016/0165-1781(96)02884-3 Grauer, 1992, Morphine induces an increase in extracellular serotonin in the rat diencephalon, Brain Res, 599, 277, 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90402-U Graves, 2012, SB 206553, a putative 5-HT2C inverse agonist, attenuates methamphetamine-seeking in rats, BMC Neurosci, 13, 65, 10.1186/1471-2202-13-65 Gravius, 2011, Effects of 5-HT6 antagonists, Ro-4368554 and SB-258585, in tests used for the detection of cognitive enhancement and antipsychotic-like activity, Behav Pharmacol, 22, 122, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e328343d804 Gray, 2002, The effects of fluvoxamine and sertraline on the opioid withdrawal syndrome: a combined in vivo cerebral microdialysis and behavioural study, Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 12, 245, 10.1016/S0924-977X(02)00028-7 Green, 2003, The pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”), Pharmacol Rev, 55, 463, 10.1124/pr.55.3.3 Grottick, 2001, Activation of 5-HT(2C) receptors reduces the locomotor and rewarding effects of nicotine, Psychopharmacology, 157, 292, 10.1007/s002130100801 Grottick, 2000, Studies to investigate the role of 5-HT(2C) receptors on cocaine- and food-maintained behavior, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 295, 1183 Guindalini, 2005, Association of MAO A polymorphism and alcoholism in Brazilian females, Psychiatr Genet, 15, 141, 10.1097/00041444-200506000-00011 Gulati, 1988, Cerebral cortical 5-Ht1 and 5-Ht2 receptors of morphine tolerant-dependent rats, Neuropharmacology, 27, 1231, 10.1016/0028-3908(88)90025-1 Gulati, 1989, Brain and spinal-cord 5-Ht2 receptors of morphine-tolerant-dependent and morphine-abstinent rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 167, 185, 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90578-5 Gulati, 1990, Down-regulation of hypothalamic 5-HT1A receptors in morphine-abstinent rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 182, 253, 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90284-D Hagen, 2009, Ecology and neurobiology of toxin avoidance and the paradox of drug reward, Neuroscience, 160, 69, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.01.077 Hagino, 2011, Effects of MDMA on extracellular dopamine and serotonin levels in mice lacking dopamine and/or serotonin transporters, Curr Neuropharmacol, 9, 91, 10.2174/157015911795017254 Harris, 2001, Augmented accumbal serotonin levels decrease the preference for a morphine associated environment during withdrawal, Neuropsychopharmacology, 24, 75, 10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00184-6 Harrison, 2001, Fluoxetine combined with a serotonin-1A receptor antagonist reversed reward deficits observed during nicotine and amphetamine withdrawal in rats, Neuropsychopharmacology, 25, 55, 10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00237-2 Hayes, 2009, Differential effects of 5-HT(2C) receptor activation by WAY 161503 on nicotine-induced place conditioning and locomotor activity in rats, Behav Brain Res, 197, 323, 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.08.034 Hayslett, 2005, Effects of donepezil, nicotine and haloperidol on the central serotonergic system in mice: implications for Tourette's syndrome, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 81, 879, 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.06.010 Heath, 2000 Hedou, 2000, Effect of amphetamine on extracellular acetylcholine and monoamine levels in subterritories of the rat medial prefrontal cortex, Eur J Pharmacol, 390, 127, 10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00038-8 Heils, 1996, Allelic variation of human serotonin transporter gene expression, J Neurochem, 66, 2621, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66062621.x Heinz, 1998, In vivo association between alcohol intoxication, aggression, and serotonin transporter availability in nonhuman primates, Am J Psychiatry, 155, 1023, 10.1176/ajp.155.8.1023 Herges, 1998, Involvement of serotonin in the modulation of cocaine-induced locomotor activity in the rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 59, 595, 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00473-5 Herges, 1999, Modulation of cocaine-induced locomotor activity, rears and head bobs by application of WAY100635 into the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the rat, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 360, 129, 10.1007/s002109900058 Herges, 2000, Involvement of 5-HT(3) receptors in the nucleus accumbens in the potentiation of cocaine-induced behaviours in the rat, Br J Pharmacol, 131, 1294, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703687 Herin, 2005, Role of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor in the hyperlocomotive and hyperthermic effects of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 178, 505, 10.1007/s00213-004-2030-4 Herin, 2013, Elevated expression of serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptors in the rat ventral tegmental area enhances vulnerability to the behavioral effects of cocaine, Front Psychiatry, 4, 2, 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00002 Hernandez, 1987, Simultaneous microdialysis and amphetamine infusion in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of freely moving rats – increase in extracellular dopamine and serotonin, Brain Res Bull, 19, 623, 10.1016/0361-9230(87)90047-5 Hernandez-Lopez, 2013, Nicotinic modulation of serotonergic activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus, Rev Neurosci, 24, 455, 10.1515/revneuro-2013-0012 Higgins, 1991, Effects of 5-Ht3 receptor antagonists on behavioral measures of naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal, Psychopharmacology, 105, 322, 10.1007/BF02244425 Higgins, 1992, Effect of the 5-Ht3 receptor antagonists, Mdl72222 and ondansetron on morphine place conditioning, Psychopharmacology, 106, 315, 10.1007/BF02245411 Higgins, 1992, Effect of drugs influencing 5-HT function on ethanol drinking and feeding behaviour in rats: studies using a drinkometer system, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 16, 535, 10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80195-2 Higgins, 1993, Preliminary findings with the indirect 5-Ht agonist dexfenfluramine on heroin discrimination and self-administration in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 45, 963, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90148-M Higgins, 1994, Influence of 5-Ht3 receptor antagonists and the indirect 5-Ht agonist, dexfenfluramine, on heroin self-administration in rats, Psychopharmacology, 114, 611, 10.1007/BF02244992 Higgins, 2003, Serotonin and drug reward: focus on 5-HT2C receptors, Eur J Pharmacol, 480, 151, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.102 Higgins, 2012, The 5-HT2C receptor agonist lorcaserin reduces nicotine self-administration, discrimination, and reinstatement: relationship to feeding behavior and impulse control, Neuropsychopharmacology, 37, 1177, 10.1038/npp.2011.303 Higgins, 2013, From obesity to substance abuse: therapeutic opportunities for 5-HT2C receptor agonists, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 34, 560, 10.1016/j.tips.2013.08.001 Hill, 2002, Life-history theory and risky drinking, Addiction, 97, 401, 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00020.x Ho, 2011, Availability of the serotonin transporter in patients with alcohol dependence, World J Biol Psychiatry, 12, 134, 10.3109/15622975.2010.503813 Hodge, 2008, Deletion of the 5-HT(3A)-receptor subunit blunts the induction of cocaine sensitization, Genes Brain Behav, 7, 96 Homberg, 2007, Characterization of the serotonin transporter knockout rat: a selective change in the functioning of the serotonergic system, Neuroscience, 146, 1662, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.03.030 Homberg, 2008, Adaptations in pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor function and cocaine supersensitivity in serotonin transporter knockout rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 200, 367, 10.1007/s00213-008-1212-x Homberg, 2010, Identification of genetic modifiers of behavioral phenotypes in serotonin transporter knockout rats, BMC Genet, 11, 37, 10.1186/1471-2156-11-37 Homberg, 2011, Looking on the bright side of serotonin transporter gene variation, Biol Psychiatry, 69, 513, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.024 Homberg, 2012, Serotonin transporter gene variation and compulsive cocaine self-administration Hoplight, 2005, The effects of SB 224289 on anxiety and cocaine-related behaviors in a novel object task, Physiol Behav, 84, 707, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.02.016 Hoplight, 2007, Cocaine increases 5-HT1B mRNA in rat nucleus accumbens shell neurons, Neuropharmacology, 52, 444, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.013 Horner, 2011, Differential regulation of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression following withdrawal from a chronic escalating dose regimen of d-amphetamine, Brain Res, 1390, 10, 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.03.033 Howell, 1995, Serotonergic modulation of the behavioral effects of cocaine in the squirrel monkey, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 275, 1551 Hu, 2010, Serotonin 1B receptor imaging in alcohol dependence, Biol Psychiatry, 67, 800, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.028 Huang, 2009, Repeated cocaine administration decreases 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated serotonergic enhancement of synaptic activity in rat medial prefrontal cortex, Neuropsychopharmacology, 34, 1979, 10.1038/npp.2009.10 Huang, 2013, A single in vivo cocaine administration impairs 5-HT(1B) receptor-induced long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens, J Neurochem, 125, 809, 10.1111/jnc.12227 Hui, 1993, 5-HT3 antagonists reduce morphine self-administration in rats, Br J Pharmacol, 110, 1341, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13966.x Huston, 2013, What's conditioned in conditioned place preference?, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 34, 162, 10.1016/j.tips.2013.01.004 Hyman, 2006, Neural mechanisms of addiction: the role of reward-related learning and memory, Ann Rev Neurosci, 29, 565, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113009 Hynes, 1985, Fluoxetine, a selective inhibitor of serotonin uptake, potentiates morphine analgesia without altering its discriminative stimulus properties or affinity for opioid receptors, Life Sci, 36, 2317, 10.1016/0024-3205(85)90321-2 Ikeda, 2011, Pharmacodynamic interactions between MDMA and concomitants in MDMA tablets on extracellular dopamine and serotonin in the rat brain, Eur J Pharmacol, 660, 318, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.03.050 Iordanidou, 2010, Association of polymorphisms of the serotonergic system with smoking initiation in Caucasians, Drug Alcohol Depend, 108, 70, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.11.015 It-Daoud, 2012, Preliminary evidence for cue-induced alcohol craving modulated by serotonin transporter gene polymorphism rs1042173, Front Psychiatry, 3, 6 Ivanova, 2002, Effect of monoamine oxidase A knockout on resistance to long-term exposure to ethanol, Bull Exp Biol Med, 133, 603, 10.1023/A:1020254430169 Ivanova, 1997, Nicotine-induced decreases in VTA electrical self-stimulation thresholds: blockade by haloperidol and mecamylamine but not scopolamine or ondansetron, Psychopharmacology, 134, 187, 10.1007/s002130050441 Jackson, 1994, Dopamine receptor antagonists block amphetamine and phencyclidine-induced motor stimulation in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 48, 465, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90554-1 Jakubczyk, 2012, The CC genotype in HTR2A T102C polymorphism is associated with behavioral impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients, J Psychiatr Res, 46, 44, 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.09.001 Javaid, 1993, Repeated cocaine administration does not affect 5-Ht receptor subtypes (5-Ht(1A), 5-Ht2) in several rat-brain regions, Eur J Pharmacol, 238, 425, 10.1016/0014-2999(93)90880-Q Jean, 2012, The nucleus accumbens 5-HTR(4)-CART pathway ties anorexia to hyperactivity, Transl Psychiatry, 2, e203, 10.1038/tp.2012.131 Ji, 2006, Disruption of PTEN coupling with 5-HT2C receptors suppresses behavioral responses induced by drugs of abuse, Nat Med, 12, 324, 10.1038/nm1349 Johanson, 1976, Self-administration of psychomotor stimulant drugs: the effects of unlimited access, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 4, 45, 10.1016/0091-3057(76)90174-X Johanson, 1993, The discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in pigeons, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 267, 1 Joharchi, 1993, Effect of 5-Ht(3) receptor antagonists on the discriminative stimulus properties of morphine in rats, Psychopharmacology, 112, 111, 10.1007/BF02247370 Johnson, 2000, Ondansetron for reduction of drinking among biologically predisposed alcoholic patients: a randomized controlled trial, JAMA, 284, 963, 10.1001/jama.284.8.963 Johnson, 2002, Ondansetron reduces the craving of biologically predisposed alcoholics, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 160, 408, 10.1007/s00213-002-1002-9 Johnson, 2003, Ondansetron reduces mood disturbance among biologically predisposed, alcohol-dependent individuals, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 27, 1773, 10.1097/01.ALC.0000095635.46911.5D Johnson, 2010, Association between genotype of the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region of the serotonin transporter gene and age of onset of methamphetamine use: a preliminary analysis, Front Psychiatry, 1, 145, 10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00145 Johnson, 2013, Determination of genotype combinations that can predict the outcome of the treatment of alcohol dependence using the 5-HT(3) antagonist ondansetron, Am J Psychiatry, 170, 1020, 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12091163 Johnson, 1993, Effects of chronic cocaine administration on the serotonergic system in the rat-brain, Pharmacol Bioch Behav, 46, 289, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90355-W Johnson, 2008, A preliminary randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 11, 1, 10.1017/S1461145707007778 Kalivas, 1988, Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute and daily cocaine administration in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 245, 485 Kalivas, 2005, The neural basis of addiction: a pathology of motivation and choice, Am J Psychiatry, 162, 1403, 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1403 Kalivas, 2006, Animal models and brain circuits in drug addiction, Mol Interv, 6, 339, 10.1124/mi.6.6.7 Kankaanpaa, 1998, The acute effects of amphetamine derivatives on extracellular serotonin and dopamine levels in rat nucleus accumbens, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 59, 1003, 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00527-3 Kankaanpaa, 2002, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist MDL 72222 attenuates cocaine- and mazindol-, but not methylphenidate-induced neurochemical and behavioral effects in the rat, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 159, 341, 10.1007/s00213-001-0939-4 Karg, 2011, The serotonin transporter promoter variant (5-HTTLPR), stress, and depression meta-analysis revisited: evidence of genetic moderation, Arch Gen Psychiatry, 68, 444, 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.189 Kasper, 2013, The serotonin-2 receptor modulator (−)-trans-PAT, decreases voluntary ethanol consumption in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 718, 98, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.008 Kassai, 2012, Effect of 5-HT5A antagonists in animal models of schizophrenia, anxiety and depression, Behav Pharmacol, 23, 397, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283565248 Kehne, 1996, Effects of the selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL 100,907 on MDMA-induced locomotor stimulation in rats, Neuropsychopharmacology, 15, 116, 10.1016/0893-133X(95)00160-F Kelai, 2003, Alcohol intake after serotonin transporter inactivation in mice, Alcohol Alcohol, 38, 386, 10.1093/alcalc/agg095 Kelley, 2002, The neuroscience of natural reward: relevance to addictive drugs, J Neurosci, 22, 3306, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-09-03306.2002 Kelley, 2004, Memory and addiction: shared neural circuitry and molecular mechanisms, Neuron, 44, 161, 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.016 Kenna, 2010, Medications acting on the serotonergic system for the treatment of alcohol dependent patients, Curr Pharm Des, 16, 2126, 10.2174/138161210791516396 Kenny, 2001, Nicotine regulates 5-HT(1A) receptor gene expression in the cerebral cortex and dorsal hippocampus, Eur J Neurosci, 13, 1267, 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01501.x King, 1993, Withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine – effects of Nan-190 on cocaine-induced locomotion, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 44, 253, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90459-7 King, 1994, 5-HT3 receptor modulation of behavior during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 47, 399, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90135-X King, 2000, Long-term blockade of the expression of cocaine sensitization by ondansetron, a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, Eur J Pharmacol, 394, 97, 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00926-7 Kitanaka, 2005, Inhibition of methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in mice by clorgyline, a monoamine oxidase-a inhibitor, through alteration of the 5-hydroxytriptamine turnover in the striatum, Neuroscience, 130, 295, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.026 Kitanaka, 2005, Repeated clorgyline treatment inhibits methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice, Neurochem Res, 30, 445, 10.1007/s11064-005-2679-z Klein, 2009, Reduced sensitivity to the locomotor-stimulant effects of cocaine is associated with increased sensitivity to its discriminative stimulus properties, Behav Pharmacol, 20, 67, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283242fdd Kleven, 1998, Discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine: enhancement by monoamine reuptake blockers, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 284, 1015 Knapp, 1992, Zacopride, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, reduces voluntary ethanol consumption in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 41, 847, 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90237-A Koch, 1997, MDMA induced dopamine release in vivo: Role of endogenous serotonin, J Neural Transm, 104, 135, 10.1007/BF01273176 Koetzner, 1995, Facilitating role of m-chlorophenylbiguanide in a cocaine discrimination, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 52, 815, 10.1016/0091-3057(95)00176-W Kohut, 2013, Effects of methcathinone and 3-Cl-methcathinone (PAL-434) in cocaine discrimination or self-administration in rhesus monkeys, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 16, 1985, 10.1017/S146114571300059X Kolb, 2003, Amphetamine or cocaine limits the ability of later experience to promote structural plasticity in the neocortex and nucleus accumbens, Proc Nat Acad Sci USA, 100, 10523, 10.1073/pnas.1834271100 Koob, 2009, Neurobiological substrates for the dark side of compulsivity in addiction, Neuropharmacology, 56, 18, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.043 Koob, 2013, Addiction is a reward deficit and stress surfeit disorder, Front Psychiatry, 4, 72, 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00072 Koob, 1997, Drug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation, Science, 278, 52, 10.1126/science.278.5335.52 Koob, 2008, Addiction and the brain antireward system, Ann Rev Psychol, 59, 29, 10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093548 Kotler, 1999, No association between the serotonin transporter promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and the dopamine D3 receptor (Ball D2DR) polymorphisms and heroin addiction, Mol Psychiatry, 4, 313, 10.1038/sj.mp.4000499 Kramer, 1967, Amphetamine abuse – pattern and effects of high doses taken intravenously, J Am Med Assoc, 201, 89, 10.1001/jama.1967.03130050039011 Kranzler, 1994, Buspirone treatment of anxious alcoholics. A placebo-controlled trial, Arch Gen Psychiatry, 51, 720, 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950090052008 Kranzler, 1995, Placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine as an adjunct to relapse prevention in alcoholics, Am J Psychiatry, 152, 391, 10.1176/ajp.152.3.391 Kranzler, 1996, Fluoxetine treatment seems to reduce the beneficial effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy in type B alcoholics, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 20, 1534, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01696.x Kranzler, 2003, Effects of ondansetron in early- versus late-onset alcoholics: a prospective, open-label study, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 27, 1150, 10.1097/01.ALC.0000075547.77464.76 Kranzler, 2012, The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism moderates the effect of stressful life events on drinking behavior in college students of African descent, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 159B, 484, 10.1002/ajmg.b.32051 Kristjansson, 2012, The relationship between rs3779084 in the dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene and alcohol consumption is mediated by drinking motives in regular smokers, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 36, 162, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01596.x Kruszewska, 1986, Differents effects of zimelidine on the reinforcing effects of d-amphetamine and morphine on conditioned place preference in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 125, 283, 10.1016/0014-2999(86)90038-5 Kuczenski, 1989, Concomitant characterization of behavioral and striatal neurotransmitter response to amphetamine using invivo microdialysis, J Neurosci, 9, 2051, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.09-06-02051.1989 Kuczenski, 1995, Hippocampus norepinephrine, caudate dopamine and serotonin, and behavioral-responses to the stereoisomers of amphetamine and methamphetamine, J Neurosci, 15, 1308, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-02-01308.1995 Kuczenski, 1999, Sensitization of amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviors during the acute response, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 288, 699 Kuroki, 1996, R(+)-8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, inhibits amphetamine-induced serotonin and dopamine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex, Brain Res, 743, 357, 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01111-0 Kusljic, 2003, Differential role of serotonergic projections arising from the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in locomotor hyperactivity and prepulse inhibition, Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, 2138, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300277 Kusljic, 2006, Differential involvement of 5-HT projections within the amygdala in prepulse inhibition but not in psychotomimetic drug-induced hyperlocomotion, Behav Brain Res, 168, 74, 10.1016/j.bbr.2005.10.013 Kweon, 2005, Association of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with Korean male alcoholics, J Psychiatr Res, 39, 371, 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.10.005 Lakoski, 1988, Cocaine interaction with central monoaminergic systems: electrophysiological approaches, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 9, 177, 10.1016/0165-6147(88)90034-X Lamb, 2013, Ethanol self-administration in serotonin transporter knockout mice: unconstrained demand and elasticity, Genes Brain Behav, 12, 741 Lamb, 2014, Ethanol effects on multiple fixed-interval, fixed-ratio responding in mice with deletions of the serotonin transporter gene, Behav Pharmacol, 25, 92, 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000011 Landabaso, 1998, A randomized trial of adding fluoxetine to a naltrexone treatment programm for heroin addicts, Addiction, 93, 739, 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.9357399.x Lane, 1992, Failure of ondansetron to block the discriminative or reinforcing stimulus effects of cocaine in the rat, Drug Alcohol Depend, 30, 151, 10.1016/0376-8716(92)90020-D Langen, 2002, Acute effect of ethanol on anxiety and 5-HT in the prefrontal cortex of rats, Alcohol, 27, 135, 10.1016/S0741-8329(02)00219-7 Lanteri, 2008, Drugs of abuse specifically sensitize noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons via a non-dopaminergic mechanism, Neuropsychopharmacology, 33, 1724, 10.1038/sj.npp.1301548 Laucht, 2009, Impact of psychosocial adversity on alcohol intake in young adults: moderation by the LL genotype of the serotonin transporter polymorphism, Biol Psychiatry, 66, 102, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.010 Layer, 1992, Effect of Serotonergic agonists in the nucleus-accumbens on d-amphetamine-stimulated locomotion, Life Sci, 50, 813, 10.1016/0024-3205(92)90187-T Leccese, 1984, The effects of putative 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor active agents on d-amphetamine self-administration in controls and rats with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine median forebrain bundle lesions, Brain Res, 303, 153, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90223-3 Lee, 2009, The relationship between serotonin receptor 1B polymorphisms A-161T and alcohol dependence, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 33, 1589, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00990.x Lee, 2010, Role of the serotonergic system in appetite and ingestion control, 331 Lehmann, 2000, When injected into the fimbria-fornix/cingular bundle, not in the raphe, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine prevents amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, Behav Brain Res, 114, 213, 10.1016/S0166-4328(00)00246-1 Lende, 2007, Functional methamphetamine use: the insider's perspective, Addict Res Ther, 15, 465, 10.1080/16066350701284552 Lenoir, 2007, Intense sweetness surpasses cocaine reward, PLoS ONE, 2, e698, 10.1371/journal.pone.0000698 Lerer, 2006, Why do young women smoke? II. Role of traumatic life experience, psychological characteristics and serotonergic genes, Mol Psychiatry, 11, 771, 10.1038/sj.mp.4001855 Lerman, 2001, Tryptophan hydroxylase gene variant and smoking behavior, Am J Med Gen, 105, 518, 10.1002/ajmg.1476 Lesch, 1996, Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region, Science, 274, 1527, 10.1126/science.274.5292.1527 Levin, 2009, Ketanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, decreases nicotine self-administration in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 600, 93, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.016 Levin, 2011, Lorcaserin, a 5-HT2C agonist, decreases nicotine self-administration in female rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 338, 890, 10.1124/jpet.111.183525 Levran, 2008, Genetic susceptibility to heroin addiction: a candidate gene association study, Genes Brain Behav, 7, 720, 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2008.00410.x Levran, 2009, Heroin addiction in African Americans: a hypothesis-driven association study, Genes Brain Behav, 8, 531, 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2009.00501.x Li, 2002, Allelic association analysis of the dopamine D2, D3, 5-HT2A, and GABA(A)gamma 2 receptors and serotonin transporter genes with heroin abuse in Chinese subjects, Am J Med Gen, 114, 329, 10.1002/ajmg.10200 Li, 2013, Role of GABAA receptors in dorsal raphe nucleus in stress-induced reinstatement of morphine-conditioned place preference in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 230, 537, 10.1007/s00213-013-3182-x Li, 2011, Effects of direct- and indirect-acting serotonin receptor agonists on the antinociceptive and discriminative stimulus effects of morphine in rhesus monkeys, Neuropsychopharmacology, 36, 940, 10.1038/npp.2010.232 Li, 2013, Modification of the behavioral effects of morphine in rats by serotonin 5-HT(1)A and 5-HT(2)A receptor agonists: antinociception, drug discrimination, and locomotor activity, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 225, 791, 10.1007/s00213-012-2870-2 Li, 2002, Allelic association analysis of the dopamine D2, D3, 5-HT2A, and GABA(A)gamma2 receptors and serotonin transporter genes with heroin abuse in Chinese subjects, Am J Med Genet, 114, 329, 10.1002/ajmg.10200 Liang, 2008, Effect of novel neurotensin analog, NT69L, on nicotine-induced alteration in monoamine levels in rat brain, Brain Res, 1231, 6, 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.07.037 Liechti, 2000, Acute psychological effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”) are attenuated by the serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram, Neuropsychopharmacology, 22, 513, 10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00148-7 Liechti, 2000, Psychological and physiological effects of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) after pretreatment with the 5-HT(2) antagonist ketanserin in healthy humans, Neuropsychopharmacology, 23, 396, 10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00126-3 Lin, 2012, The association between availability of serotonin transporters and time to relapse in heroin users: a two-isotope SPECT small sample pilot study, Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 22, 647, 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.01.002 Lipska, 1992, Serotonin depletion causes long-term reduction of exploration in the rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 43, 1247, 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90510-M Little, 1998, Striatal [125I]RTI-55 binding sites in cocaine-abusing humans, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 22, 455, 10.1016/S0278-5846(98)00017-7 Liu, 2006, Serotonin2C receptors (5-HT2C R) control expression of cocaine-induced conditioned hyperactivity, Drug Alcohol Depend, 81, 275, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.07.007 Liu, 2013, Effects of escitalopram on attentional bias to cocaine-related stimuli and inhibitory control in cocaine-dependent subjects, J Psychopharmacol, 27, 801, 10.1177/0269881113492898 Loh, 1990, Break-points on a progressive ratio schedule reinforced by intravenous cocaine increase following depletion of forebrain serotonin, Psychopharmacology, 101, 262, 10.1007/BF02244137 Lotfipour, 2011, The monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor tranylcypromine enhances nicotine self-administration in rats through a mechanism independent of MAO inhibition, Neuropharmacology, 61, 95, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.007 Lovinger, 1991, Ethanol potentiation of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor-mediated ion current in neuroblastoma cells and isolated adult mammalian neurons, Mol Pharmaco, 40, 263 Lovinger, 2000, Ethanol and trichloroethanol alter gating of 5-HT3 receptor-channels in NCB-20 neuroblastoma cells, Neuropharmacology, 39, 561, 10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00164-1 Lu, 1993, Ethanol consumption following acute fenfluramine, fluoxetine, and dietary tryptophan, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 44, 931, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90027-Q Lu, 1994, Ethanol consumption following acute treatment with methysergide, fluoxetine, fenfluramine, and their combination, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 18, 60, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00881.x Lunden, 2013, Opiate exposure and withdrawal dynamically regulate mRNA expression in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus, Neuroscience, 254, 160, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.08.071 Lutz, 2011, Sequential and opposing alterations of 5-HT(1A) receptor function during withdrawal from chronic morphine, Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 21, 835, 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.02.002 Lyness, 1980, Increased self-administration of d-amphetamine after destruction of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 12, 937, 10.1016/0091-3057(80)90456-6 Ma, 2005, Effects on serotonin of (−)nicotine and dimethylphenylpiperazinium in the dorsal raphe and nucleus accumbens of freely behaving rats, Neuroscience, 135, 949, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.074 Maguire, 2013, Effects of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) and quipazine on heroin self-administration in rhesus monkeys, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 225, 173, 10.1007/s00213-012-2803-0 Maj, 1996, The synergistic effect of fluoxetine on the locomotor hyperactivity induced by MK-801, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, J Neural Transm, 103, 131, 10.1007/BF01292622 Maleki, 2008, Potentiation of morphine-induced conditioned place preference with concurrent use of amantadine and fluvoxamine by the intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injection in rat, Behav Brain Res, 190, 189, 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.027 Mangiavacchi, 2001, Long-term behavioral and neurochemical effects of chronic stress exposure in rats, J Neurochem, 79, 1113, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00665.x Mannelli, 2005, Polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and response to treatment in African American cocaine and alcohol-abusing individuals, Addict Biol, 10, 261, 10.1080/13556210500235540 Mannelli, 2006, Polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and moderators of prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in African-American cocaine abusers and controls, Psychiatry Res, 144, 99, 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.01.012 Mansbach, 1998, The role of monoamine neurotransmitter systems in the nicotine discriminative stimulus, Drug Alcohol Depend, 52, 125, 10.1016/S0376-8716(98)00085-4 Manvich, 2012, The serotonin 2C receptor antagonist SB 242084 exhibits abuse-related effects typical of stimulants in squirrel monkeys, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 342, 761, 10.1124/jpet.112.195156 Manvich, 2012, Effects of serotonin 2C receptor agonists on the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine in squirrel monkeys, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 341, 424, 10.1124/jpet.111.186981 Markou, 1992, Construct-validity of a self-stimulation threshold paradigm – effects of reward and performance manipulations, Physiol Behav, 51, 111, 10.1016/0031-9384(92)90211-J Markou, 1998, Neurobiological similarities in depression and drug dependence: A self-medication hypothesis, Neuropsychopharmacology, 18, 135, 10.1016/S0893-133X(97)00113-9 Markou, 2005, Paroxetine combined with a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist reversed reward deficits observed during amphetamine withdrawal in rats, Psychopharmacology, 178, 133, 10.1007/s00213-004-2008-2 Marona-Lewicka, 1997, 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonists potentiate the discriminative cue of (+)-amphetamine in the rat, Neuropharmacology, 36, 1471, 10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00106-8 Marona-Lewicka, 2011, Potential serotonin 5-HT(1A) and dopamine D(4) receptor modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of amphetamine in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 22, 508, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e328349fc31 Marques, 2006, Influence of the serotonin transporter gene on comorbid disorders among alcohol-dependent individuals, Psychiatr Genet, 16, 125, 10.1097/01.ypg.0000199449.07786.7d Marquis, 2007, WAY-163909 [(7bR,10aR)-1,2,3,4,8,9,10,10a-octahydro-7bH-cyclopenta-[b][1,4]diazepino[6,7,1hi]indole]: A novel 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor-selective agonist with preclinical antipsychotic-like activity, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 320, 486, 10.1124/jpet.106.106989 Martin-Santos, 2010, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, mood disorders and MDMA use in a 3-year follow-up study, Addict Biol, 15, 15, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00180.x Maurel, 1997, Substitution of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine and paroxetine for the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 130, 404, 10.1007/s002130050257 Maurel, 1998, Role of 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the generalization of 5-HT receptor agonists to the ethanol cue in the rat, Behav Pharmacol, 9, 337, 10.1097/00008877-199807000-00005 Maurel, 1999, 5-HT receptor ligands differentially affect operant oral self-administration of ethanol in the rat, Eur J Pharmacol, 370, 217, 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00125-9 Maurel, 1999, Comparison of the effects of the selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram and fluvoxamine in alcohol-preferring cAA rats, Alcohol, 17, 195, 10.1016/S0741-8329(98)00046-9 Maurel, 1999, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C/5-HT1B receptors are differentially involved in alcohol preference and consummatory behavior in cAA rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 62, 89, 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00115-4 McBride, 1990, Serotonin, dopamine and GABA involvement in alcohol drinking of selectively bred rats, Alcohol, 7, 199, 10.1016/0741-8329(90)90005-W McBride, 1992, Serotonin and alcohol consumption, 59 McBride, 1998, Animal models of alcoholism: neurobiology of high alcohol-drinking behavior in rodents, Crit Rev Neurobiol, 12, 339, 10.1615/CritRevNeurobiol.v12.i4.40 McBride, 1999, Localization of brain reinforcement mechanisms: intracranial self-administration and intracranial place-conditioning studies, Behav Brain Res, 101, 129, 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00022-4 McBride, 2004, Serotonin-3 receptors in the actions of alcohol, alcohol reinforcement, and alcoholism, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 28, 257, 10.1097/01.ALC.0000113419.99915.DA McBride, 2010, Role of serotonin in brain reward and regulation of alcohol drinking behavior, 399 McCann, 1993, Reinforcing subjective effects of (+/−) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) may be separable from its neurotoxic actions: clinical evidence, J Clin Psychopharmacol, 13, 214, 10.1097/00004714-199306000-00011 McClung, 2010, Reinstatement of extinguished amphetamine self-administration by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its enantiomers in rhesus monkeys, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 210, 75, 10.1007/s00213-010-1818-7 McCorvy, 2011, A 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonist potentiates a low dose amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference, Neurosci Lett, 505, 10, 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.07.036 McCreary, 1990, Pharmacological studies of the acute and chronic effects of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on locomotor activity: Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(1B/1D) receptors, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 290, 965 McGregor, 1993, l-Tryptophan decreases the breaking point under a progressive ratio schedule of intravenous cocaine reinforcement in the rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 44, 651, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90181-R McKenzie-Quirk, 2003, 5-HT1A agonists: alcohol drinking in rats and squirrel monkeys, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 167, 145, 10.1007/s00213-003-1395-0 McKinzie, 1998, Serotonin3 receptor antagonism of alcohol intake: effects of drinking conditions, Alcohol, 15, 291, 10.1016/S0741-8329(97)00132-8 McKinzie, 2000, Effects of MDL 72222, a serotonin3 antagonist, on operant responding for ethanol by alcohol-preferring P rats, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 24, 1500, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04567.x McMahon, 1999, Antagonism of 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) receptors attenuates hyperactivity induced by cocaine: putative role for 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 291, 300 McMahon, 2001, Differential regulation of the mesoaccumbens circuit by serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A and 5-HT2C receptors, J Neurosci, 21, 7781, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07781.2001 Mechan, 2002, The pharmacology of the acute hyperthermic response that follows administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) to rats, Br J Pharmacol, 135, 170, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704442 Mello, 2013, Effects of chronic buspirone treatment on cocaine self-administration, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 455, 10.1038/npp.2012.202 Mello, 2013, Effects of chronic buspirone treatment on nicotine and concurrent nicotine+cocaine self-administration, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 1264, 10.1038/npp.2013.25 Miczek, 1982, Disruption of primate social-behavior by d-amphetamine and cocaine – differential antagonism by antipsychotics, Psychopharmacology, 76, 163, 10.1007/BF00435272 Millan, 1998, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 286, 1356 Millan, 1999, Contrasting mechanisms of action and sensitivity to antipsychotics of phencyclidine versus amphetamine: importance of nucleus accumbens 5-HT2A sites for PCP-induced locomotion in the rat, Eur J Neurosci, 11, 4419, 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00858.x Miller-Tutzauer, 1991, Marriage and alcohol use: a longitudinal study of “maturing out”, J Stud Alcohol, 52, 434, 10.15288/jsa.1991.52.434 Minnix, 2011, Self-efficacy mediates the effect of depression on smoking susceptibility in adolescents, Nicotine Tob Res, 13, 699, 10.1093/ntr/ntr061 Miranda, 2007, Modulatory role of 5-HT1B receptors in the discriminative signal of amphetamine in the conditioned taste aversion paradigm, Pharmacol Rep, 59, 517 Miszkiel, 2012, The effect of serotonin 5HT1B receptor ligands on amphetamine self-administration in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 677, 111, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.12.033 Miszkiel, 2013, Effects of serotonin (5-HT)1B receptor ligands on amphetamine-seeking behavior in rats, Pharmacol Rep, 65, 813, 10.1016/S1734-1140(13)71062-4 Miyamoto, 2007, Effects of acute paroxetine treatment on the consumption of cigarette smoking and caffeine in depressed patients, Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp, 22, 483, 10.1002/hup.871 Moeller, 2007, Citalopram combined with behavioral therapy reduces cocaine use: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 33, 367, 10.1080/00952990701313686 Molina, 2001, l-Tryptophan attenuation of the dopaminergic and behavioral responses to cocaine, Life Sci, 69, 1897, 10.1016/S0024-3205(01)01276-0 Morrow, 1996, Serotonergic lesions alter cocaine-induced locomotor behavior and stress-activation of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, Synapse, 23, 174, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199607)23:3<174::AID-SYN6>3.0.CO;2-5 Moser, 1992, The effect of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists on the discriminative stimulus effects of amphetamine, Eur J Pharmacol, 212, 271, 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90342-2 Moser, 1996, Reversal of amphetamine-induced behaviours by MDL 100,907, a selective 5-HT2A antagonist, Behav Brain Res, 73, 163, 10.1016/0166-4328(96)00090-3 Mosner, 1997, Serotonergic receptors modify the voluntary intake of alcohol and morphine but not of cocaine and nicotine by rats, Pharmacology, 54, 186, 10.1159/000139486 Müller, 2002, The selective serotonin(1A)-receptor antagonist WAY 100635 blocks behavioral stimulating effects of cocaine but not ventral striatal dopamine increase, Behav Brain Res, 134, 337, 10.1016/S0166-4328(02)00042-6 Müller, 2002, Cocaine increases serotonergic activity in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in vivo: 5-HT1a-receptor antagonism blocks behavioral but potentiates serotonergic activation, Synapse, 45, 67, 10.1002/syn.10083 Müller, 2003, Serotonin1A-receptor agonism attenuates the cocaine-induced increase in serotonin levels in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens but potentiates hyperlocomotion: an in vivo microdialysis study, Neuropharmacology, 44, 592, 10.1016/S0028-3908(03)00046-7 Müller, 2004, Hippocampus 5-HT(1A)-receptors attenuate cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion and the increase in hippocampal but not nucleus accumbens 5-HT, Hippocampus, 14, 710, 10.1002/hipo.10209 Müller, 2004, Nucleus accumbens serotonin1A receptors control cocaine-induced hyperactivity but not local serotonin increase: an in vivo microdialysis study, Neuropharmacology, 47, 205, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.03.020 Müller, 2006, Determining the region-specific contributions of 5-HT receptors to the psychostimulant effects of cocaine, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 27, 105, 10.1016/j.tips.2005.12.003 Müller, 2006, Intracellular 5-HT 2C-receptor dephosphorylation: a new target for treating drug addiction, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 27, 455, 10.1016/j.tips.2006.07.003 Müller, 2007, Double dissociating effects of sensory stimulation and cocaine on serotonin activity in the occipital and temporal cortices, Neuropharmacology, 52, 854, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.10.002 Müller, 2007, Serotonin and psychostimulant addiction: focus on 5-HT1A-receptors, Prog Neurobiol, 81, 133, 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.01.001 Müller, 2011, Drugs as an instrument: a new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use, Behav Brain Sci, 34, 293, 10.1017/S0140525X11000057 Müller, 2011, To use or not to use: expanding the view on non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption and its implications, Behav Brain Sci, 34, 328, 10.1017/S0140525X1100135X Müller, 2013, Episodic memories and their relevance for psychoactive drug use and addiction, Front Behav Neurosci, 7, 34, 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00034 Munafo, 2009, 5-HTTLPR genotype anxiety-related personality traits: a meta-analysis and new data, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 150B, 271, 10.1002/ajmg.b.30808 Munn, 2002, Increases in the release and metabolism of serotonin in nucleus parafascicularis thalami following systemically administered morphine in the rat, Neurosci Lett, 332, 151, 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00949-7 Munzar, 1999, Effects of dopamine and serotonin-releasing agents on methamphetamine discrimination and self-administration in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 141, 287, 10.1007/s002130050836 Munzar, 1999, Effects of various serotonin agonists, antagonists, and uptake inhibitors on the discriminative stimulus effects of methamphetamine in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 291, 239 Munzar, 2002, Differential involvement of 5-HT(2A) receptors in the discriminative-stimulus effects of cocaine and methamphetamine, Eur J Pharmacol, 436, 75, 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01598-9 Murnane, 2013, Serotonin 2A receptors differentially contribute to abuse-related effects of cocaine and cocaine-induced nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine overflow in nonhuman primates, J Neurosci, 33, 13367, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1437-13.2013 Murnane, 2013, Selective serotonin 2A receptor antagonism attenuates the effects of amphetamine on arousal and dopamine overflow in non-human primates, J Sleep Res, 22, 581, 10.1111/jsr.12045 Murphy, 1982, Regional brain levels of monoamines in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring lines of rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 16, 145, 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90026-0 Murphy, 1985, Monoamine uptake inhibitors attenuate ethanol intake in alcohol-preferring (P) rats, Alcohol, 2, 349, 10.1016/0741-8329(85)90073-4 Murphy, 1987, Contents of monoamines in forebrain regions of alcohol-preferring (P) and -nonpreferring (NP) lines of rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 26, 389, 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90134-1 Murphy, 1988, Effects of fluoxetine on the intragastric self-administration of ethanol in the alcohol preferring P line of rats, Alcohol, 5, 283, 10.1016/0741-8329(88)90066-3 Murray, 2014, Stress and withdrawal from d-amphetamine alter 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex, Neurosci Lett, 559, 44, 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.11.028 Nader, 1994, Blockade of the discriminative stimulus effects of d-amphetamine in rhesus-monkeys with serotonin 5-Ht1A agonists, Behav Pharmacol, 5, 591, 10.1097/00008877-199410000-00004 Nagata, 2011, Diabetes modulates ethanol-induced increase in serotonin release from rat hippocampus: an in vivo microdialysis study, Nutr Neurosci, 14, 96, 10.1179/1476830511Y.0000000006 Nair, 2013, Differential effect of viral overexpression of nucleus accumbens shell 5-HT1B receptors on stress- and cocaine priming-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 112, 89, 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.09.009 Nakamura, 2006, Modification of cocaine-induced behavioral and neurochemical effects by serotonin1A receptor agonist/antagonst in mice, Synapse, 60, 479, 10.1002/syn.20323 Naranjo, 1987, The serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram attenuates ethanol intake, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 41, 266, 10.1038/clpt.1987.27 Naranjo, 1994, Fluoxetine attenuates alcohol intake and desire to drink, Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 9, 163, 10.1097/00004850-199409000-00004 Neal, 1986, Mianserin attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in rats acutely or chronically dependent upon morphine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 236, 157 Neal, 1986, Ketanserin and pirenperone attenuate acute morphine-withdrawal in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 132, 299, 10.1016/0014-2999(86)90620-5 Neisewander, 2007, Stimulation of 5-HT2C receptors attenuates cue and cocaine-primed reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 18, 791, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3282f1c94b Neisewander, 2014, Dopamine D3 and 5-HT1B receptor dysregulation as a result of psychostimulant intake and forced abstinence: Implications for medications development, Neuropharmacology, 76, 301, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.08.014 Nestler, 2002, Common molecular and cellular substrates of addiction and memory, Neurobiol Learn Mem, 78, 637, 10.1006/nlme.2002.4084 Neumaier, 2002, Elevated expression of 5-HT1B receptors in nucleus accumbens efferents sensitizes animals to cocaine, J Neurosc, 22, 10856, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10856.2002 Neumaier, 2009, Acquisition of and withdrawal from cocaine self-administration regulates 5-HT mRNA expression in rat striatum, J Neurochem, 111, 217, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06313.x Niaura, 2002, Multicenter trial of fluoxetine as an adjunct to behavioral smoking cessation treatment, J Cons Clin Psychol, 70, 887, 10.1037/0022-006X.70.4.887 Nic Dhonnchadha, 2009, Blockade of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor suppresses cue-evoked reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in a rat self-administration model, Behav Neurosci, 123, 382, 10.1037/a0014592 Nielsen, 2008, TPH2 and TPH1: association of variants and interactions with heroin addiction, Behav Genet, 38, 133, 10.1007/s10519-007-9187-7 Nomikos, 1988, Effects of ritanserine on the rewarding properties of d-amphetamine, morphine and diazepam revealed by conditioned place preference in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 30, 853, 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90110-4 Nonkes, 2010, Orbitofrontal cortex and amygdalar over-activity is associated with an inability to use the value of expected outcomes to guide behaviour in serotonin transporter knockout rats, Neurobiol Learn Mem, 94, 65, 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.04.002 Nonkes, 2012, Serotonin transporter knockout rats show improved strategy set-shifting and reduced latent inhibition, Learn Mem, 19, 190, 10.1101/lm.025908.112 Nonkes, 2012, Behavioural therapy based on distraction alleviates impaired fear extinction in male serotonin transporter knockout rats, J Psychiatry Neurosci, 37, 224, 10.1503/jpn.110116 Nonkes, 2013, Improved cognitive flexibility in serotonin transporter knockout rats is unchanged following chronic cocaine self-administration, Addict Biol, 18, 434, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00351.x Nonkes, 2013, Perseverative instrumental and Pavlovian responding to conditioned stimuli in serotonin transporter knockout rats, Neurobiol Learn Mem, 100, 48, 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.12.004 Oakly, 2014, A genetic deletion of the serotonin transporter greatly enhances the reinforcing properties of MDMA in rats, Mol Psychiatry, 19, 534, 10.1038/mp.2013.75 Ohmoto, 2013, Effects of moderating factors including serotonin transporter polymorphisms on smoking behavior: a systematic review and meta-analysis update, Nicotine Tob Res, 15, 572, 10.1093/ntr/nts149 Ohmura, 2011, 5-Hydroxytryptophan attenuates somatic signs of nicotine withdrawal, J Pharmacol Sci, 117, 121, 10.1254/jphs.11074SC O‘Leary, 2010, The behavioral genetics of seroton: relevance to anxiety and depression, 749 Oliveto, 2012, Sertraline delays relapse in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients with depressive symptoms, Addiction, 107, 131, 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03552.x Olivier, 2008, A study in male and female 5-HT transporter knockout rats: an animal model for anxiety and depression disorders, Neuroscience, 152, 573, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.12.032 O‘Neill, 1999, 5-HT2 receptor antagonism reduces hyperactivity induced by amphetamine, cocaine, and MK-801 but not D1 agonist C-APB, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 63, 237, 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00240-8 Olausson, 1999, Behavioral sensitization to nicotine is associated with behavioral disinhibition; counteraction by citalopram, Psychopharmacology, 142, 111, 10.1007/s002130050869 Olausson, 2001, Behavioral and neurochemical consequences of repeated nicotine treatment in the serotonin-depleted rat, Psychopharmacology, 155, 348, 10.1007/s002130100710 Olausson, 2001, Effects of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptor agonists on the behavioral and neurochemical consequences of repeated nicotine treatment, Eur J Pharmacol, 420, 45, 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00939-6 Olds, 1954, Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain, J Comp Physiol Psychol, 47, 419, 10.1037/h0058775 Olmstead, 2006, Animal models of drug addiction: Where do we go from here?, Q J Exp Psychol (Colchester), 59, 625, 10.1080/17470210500356308 Orejarena, 2011, Involvement of 5-HT2A receptors in MDMA reinforcement and cue-induced reinstatement of MDMA-seeking behaviour, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 14, 927, 10.1017/S1461145710001215 Overstreet, 1997, Selective inhibition of alcohol intake in diverse alcohol-preferring rat strains by the 5-HT2A antagonists amperozide and FG 5974, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 21, 1448, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1997.tb04475.x Panocka, 1995, The 5-HT4 receptor antagonist, GR113808, reduces ethanol intake in alcohol-preferring rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 52, 255, 10.1016/0091-3057(95)00078-B Papla, 2002, Effect of intra-tegmental microinjections of 5-HT1B receptor ligands on the amphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity in rats, Pol J Pharmacol, 54, 351 Pardo-Lozano, 2012, Clinical pharmacology of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA “ecstasy”): the influence of gender and genetics (CYP2D6, COMT, 5-HTT), PLoS ONE, 7, e47599, 10.1371/journal.pone.0047599 Paris, 1991, Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists do not alter the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 104, 475, 10.1007/BF02245652 Parsons, 1993, Serotonin and dopamine sensitization in the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, and dorsal raphe nucleus following repeated cocaine administration, J Neurochem, 61, 1611, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb09794.x Parsons, 1995, Serotonin dysfunction in the nucleus-accumbens of rats during withdrawal after unlimited access to intravenous cocaine, Pharmacol Exp Ther, 274, 1182 Parsons, 1998, Serotonin1B receptor stimulation enhances cocaine reinforcement, J Neurosci, 18, 10078, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-23-10078.1998 Patkar, 2001, Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to cocaine dependence among African-American individuals, Addict Biol, 6, 337, 10.1080/13556210020077064 Patkar, 2002, No association between polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene and susceptibility to cocaine dependence among African-American individuals, Psychiatr Genet, 12, 161, 10.1097/00041444-200209000-00007 Patkar, 2004, Relationship between serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and platelet serotonin transporter sites among African-American cocaine-dependent individuals and healthy volunteers, Psychiatr Genet, 14, 25, 10.1097/00041444-200403000-00004 Paulus, 1993, Quantitative assessment of the microstructure of rat behavior 2. Distinctive effects of dopamine releasers and uptake inhibitors, Psychopharmacology, 113, 187, 10.1007/BF02245696 Payer, 2012, Effects of methamphetamine abuse and serotonin transporter gene variants on aggression and emotion-processing neurocircuitry, Transl Psychiatry, 2, e80, 10.1038/tp.2011.73 Pei, 1993, 5-Ht3 receptor antagonists inhibit morphine-induced stimulation of mesolimbic dopamine release and function in the rat, Eur J Pharmacol, 230, 63, 10.1016/0014-2999(93)90410-J Pelloux, 2007, Compulsive drug seeking by rats under punishment: effects of drug taking history, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 194, 127, 10.1007/s00213-007-0805-0 Pelloux, 2012, Reduced forebrain serotonin transmission is causally involved in the development of compulsive cocaine seeking in rats, Neuropsychopharmacology, 37, 2505, 10.1038/npp.2012.111 Peltier, 1993, Effects of serotonergic manipulations on cocaine self-administration in rats, Psychopharmacology, 110, 390, 10.1007/BF02244643 Pentkowski, 2009, Stimulation of 5-HT(1B) receptors enhances cocaine reinforcement yet reduces cocaine-seeking behavior, Addict Biol, 14, 419, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00162.x Pentkowski, 2010, Stimulation of medial prefrontal cortex serotonin 2C (5-HT(2C)) receptors attenuates cocaine-seeking behavior, Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 2037, 10.1038/npp.2010.72 Pentkowski, 2012, Protracted withdrawal from cocaine self-administration flips the switch on 5-HT(1B) receptor modulation of cocaine abuse-related behaviors, Biol Psychiatry, 72, 396, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.03.024 Pergamin-Hight, 2012, Variations in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and biased attention for emotional information: a meta-analysis, Biol Psychiatry, 71, 373, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.10.030 Peroutka, 1998, Subjective effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in recreational users, Neuropsychopharmacology, 1, 273 Perret, 1998, Downregulation of 5-HT1A receptors in rat hypothalamus and dentate gyrus after “binge” pattern cocaine administration, Synapse, 30, 166, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199810)30:2<166::AID-SYN6>3.0.CO;2-A Perrine, 2010, MDMA administration decreases serotonin but not N-acetylaspartate in the rat brain, Neurotoxicology, 31, 654, 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.08.005 Pickard, 2012, The purpose in chronic addiction, AJOB Neurosci, 3, 40, 10.1080/21507740.2012.663058 Pinelli, 1997, Effects of ondansetron administration on opioid withdrawal syndrome observed in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 340, 111, 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01349-6 Pinto, 2008, The short allele of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism influences relapse in alcohol dependence, Alcohol Alcohol, 43, 398, 10.1093/alcalc/agn015 Pitts, 1986, Electrophysiological effects of cocaine on central monoaminergic neurons, Eur J Pharmacol, 131, 95, 10.1016/0014-2999(86)90520-0 Pitts, 1987, Cocaine modulation of central monoaminergic neurotransmission, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 26, 453, 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90147-X Platt, 1999, Discriminative stimulus effects of morphine in squirrel monkeys: Stimulants, opioids, and stimulant-opioid combinations, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 290, 1092 Pockros, 2011, Blockade of 5-HT2A receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex attenuates reinstatement of cue-elicited cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 213, 307, 10.1007/s00213-010-2071-9 Pockros, 2012, 5-HT(2A) receptor blockade and 5-HT(2C) receptor activation interact to reduce cocaine hyperlocomotion and Fos protein expression in the caudate-putamen, Synapse, 66, 989, 10.1002/syn.21592 Polina, 2009, The serotonin 2A receptor gene in alcohol dependence and tobacco smoking, Drug Alcohol Depend, 101, 128, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.11.001 Popova, 2000, Altered behavior and alcohol tolerance in transgenic mice lacking MAO A: a comparison with effects of MAO A inhibitor clorgyline, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 67, 719, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00417-2 Porrino, 1989, Differential effects of the pharmacological manipulation of serotonin systems on cocaine and amphetamine self-administration in rats, Life Sci, 45, 1529, 10.1016/0024-3205(89)90418-9 Powell, 1994, Serotonin Involvement in the discriminative stimulus effects of mu-opioids and kappa-opioids in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 5, 255 Pradhan, 1978, Correlation of behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute administration of cocaine in rats, Life Sci, 22, 1737, 10.1016/0024-3205(78)90626-4 Proudnikov, 2006, Association analysis of polymorphisms in serotonin 1B receptor (HTR1B) gene with heroin addiction: a comparison of molecular and statistically estimated haplotypes, Pharmacogenet Genomics, 16, 25, 10.1097/01.fpc.0000182782.87932.d6 Przegalinski, 1997, Stimulation of serotonin (5-HT)1A receptors attenuates the locomotor, but not the discriminative, effects of amphetamine and cocaine in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 8, 699, 10.1097/00008877-199712000-00004 Przegalinski, 2000, Activation of serotonin (5-HT)(1A) receptors inhibits amphetamine sensitization in mice, Life Sci, 66, 1011, 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00666-9 Przegalinski, 2001, Effect of serotonin (5-HT)1B receptor ligands on cocaine sensitization in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 12, 109, 10.1097/00008877-200104000-00004 Przegalinski, 2001, Role of 5-HT(1B) receptors in the sensitization to amphetamine in mice, Eur J Pharmacol, 422, 91, 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01079-2 Przegalinski, 2002, Effects of 5-HT1B receptor ligands microinjected into the accumbal shell or core on the cocaine-induced locomotor hyperactivity in rats, J Physiol Pharmacol, 53, 383 Przegalinski, 2003, Withdrawal from chronic cocaine up-regulates 5-HT1B receptors in the rat brain, Neurosci Lett, 351, 169, 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.08.007 Przegalinski, 2004, Effects of 5-HT1B receptor ligands microinjected into the ventral tegmental area on the locomotor and sensitizating effects of cocaine in rats, Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 14, 217, 10.1016/S0924-977X(03)00106-8 Przegalinski, 2007, Effects of serotonin 5-HT1B receptor ligands on the cocaine- and food-maintained self-administration in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 559, 165, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.12.012 Pullagurla, 2004, Modulation of the stimulus effects of (+)amphetamine by the 5-HT6 antagonist MS-245, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 78, 263, 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.03.017 Pum, 2007, Dissociating effects of cocaine and d-amphetamine on dopamine and serotonin in the perirhinal, entorhinal, and prefrontal cortex of freely moving rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 193, 375, 10.1007/s00213-007-0791-2 Pum, 2008, Visual sensory-motor gating by serotonin activation in the medial prefrontal and occipital, but not in the rhinal, cortices in rats, Neuroscience, 153, 361, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.029 Pum, 2008, Role of medial prefrontal, entorhinal, and occipital 5-HT in cocaine-induced place preference and hyperlocomotion: evidence for multiple dissociations, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 201, 391, 10.1007/s00213-008-1296-3 Quarta, 2007, The serotonin 2C receptor agonist Ro-60-0175 attenuates effects of nicotine in the five-choice serial reaction time task and in drug discrimination, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 193, 391, 10.1007/s00213-007-0802-3 Ramos, 2005, Administration of SCH 23390 into the medial prefrontal cortex blocks the expression of MDMA-induced behavioral sensitization in rats: an effect mediated by 5-HT2C receptor stimulation and not by D1 receptor blockade, Neuropsychopharmacology, 30, 2180, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300735 Rapoza, 1993, Buspirone fails to affect the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 45, 179, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90102-Y Rasmussen, 1997, Nicotine withdrawal leads to increased sensitivity of serotonergic neurons to the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT, Psychopharmacology, 133, 343, 10.1007/s002130050411 Rasmussen, 1997, Serotonin-1A antagonists attenuate the effects of nicotine withdrawal on the auditory startle response, Synapse, 27, 145, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199710)27:2<145::AID-SYN5>3.0.CO;2-E Rasmussen, 2000, The novel 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) antagonist LY426965: effects on nicotine withdrawal and interactions with fluoxetine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 294, 688 Rasmussen, 2009, Lack of association of the serotonin transporter gene promoter region polymorphism, 5-HTTLPR, including rs25531 with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet, 150B, 575, 10.1002/ajmg.b.30880 Reavill, 1998, 5-HT4 receptor antagonism does not affect motor and reward mechanisms in the rat, Eur J Pharmacol, 357, 115, 10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00564-0 Reith, 1990, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists attenuate cocaine-induced locomotion in mice, Eur J Pharmacol, 186, 327, 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90454-E Reith, 1997, Extracellular dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats during intracerebral dialysis following systemic administration of cocaine and other uptake blockers, Psychopharmacology, 134, 309, 10.1007/s002130050454 Reuter, 2007, The role of the TPH1 and TPH2 genes for nicotine dependence: a genetic association study in two different age cohorts, Neuropsychobiology, 56, 47, 10.1159/000110728 Reveron, 2010, Behavioral, thermal and neurochemical effects of acute and chronic 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”) self-administration, Behav Brain Res, 207, 500, 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.10.038 Rezvani, 1994, Suppression of alcohol consumption by fenfluramine in Fawn-Hooded rats with serotonin dysfunction, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 48, 105, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90505-3 Ribeiro, 1993, Effects of systemic nicotine on serotonin release in rat-brain, Brain Res, 621, 311, 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90121-3 Ricci, 2004, Subregion-specific down-regulation of 5-HT3 immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens shell during the induction of cocaine sensitization, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 77, 415, 10.1016/j.pbb.2003.10.005 Richardson, 1996, Progressive ratio schedules in drug self-administration studies in rats: a method to evaluate reinforcing efficacy, J Neurosci Meth, 66, 1, 10.1016/0165-0270(95)00153-0 Risch, 2009, Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful life events, and risk of depression: a meta-analysis, JAMA, 301, 2462, 10.1001/jama.2009.878 Risner, 1980, Intravenous self-administration of cocaine and norcocaine by dogs, Psychopharmacology, 71, 83, 10.1007/BF00433258 Ritz, 1989, Relationship between self-administration of amphetamine and monoamine receptors in brain – comparison with cocaine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 248, 1010 Robbins, 1996, Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation, Curr Opin Neurobiol, 6, 228, 10.1016/S0959-4388(96)80077-8 Robbins, 1999, Drug addiction: bad habits add up, Nature, 398, 567, 10.1038/19208 Robbins, 2008, Drug addiction and the memory systems of the brain, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1141, 1, 10.1196/annals.1441.020 Roberts, 2002, Patterns of cocaine self-administration in rats produced by various access conditions under a discrete trials procedure, Drug Alcohol Depend, 67, 291, 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00083-2 Robinson, 1993, The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction, Brain Res Rev, 18, 247, 10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-P Robinson, 2003, Addict Ann Rev Psychol, 54, 25, 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145237 Robinson, 2004, Structural plasticity associated with exposure to drugs of abuse, Neuropharmacology, 47, 33, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.06.025 Rocha, 1998, Increased vulnerability to cocaine in mice lacking the serotonin-1B receptor, Nature, 393, 175, 10.1038/30259 Rocha, 2002, Enhanced locomotor, reinforcing, and neurochemical effects of cocaine in serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor mutant mice, J Neurosci, 22, 10039, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-22-10039.2002 Rocher, 2001, Effects of repeated systemic administration of d-Fenfluramine on serotonin and glutamate release in rat ventral hippocampus: comparison with methamphetamine using in vivo microdialysis, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 363, 422, 10.1007/s002100000381 Rodd, 2005, Intracranial self-administration of cocaine within the posterior ventral tegmental area of Wistar rats: evidence for involvement of serotonin-3 receptors and dopamine neurons, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 313, 134, 10.1124/jpet.104.075952 Rodd, 2010, Serotonin-3 receptors in the posterior ventral tegmental area regulate ethanol self-administration of alcohol-preferring (P) rats, Alcohol, 44, 245, 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.01.002 Rodd-Henricks, 2000, Effects of 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists on daily alcohol intake under acquisition, maintenance, and relapse conditions in alcohol-preferring (P) rats, Alcohol, 21, 73, 10.1016/S0741-8329(00)00083-5 Rodsiri, 2011, Acute concomitant effects of MDMA binge dosing on extracellular 5-HT, locomotion and body temperature and the long-term effect on novel object discrimination in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 213, 365, 10.1007/s00213-010-1921-9 Rose, 2003, Effects of buspirone in withdrawal from opiates, Am J Addict, 12, 253, 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2003.tb00653.x Rossi, 2005, The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic antagonists on nicotine-induced cerebral neurotransmitter changes, Neurochem Res, 30, 541, 10.1007/s11064-005-2689-x Rowland, 1992, Effect of dexfenfluramine on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring “P” rats, Alcohol, 9, 559, 10.1016/0741-8329(92)90097-T Rowlett, 2004, Cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of hero: modulation by selective monoamine transport inhibitors, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 310, 342, 10.1124/jpet.104.065631 Roychoudhury, 1996, Prevention of morphine discontinuation phenomenon in mice by ondansetron, a selective 5-HT3 antagonist, Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 18, 677 Rozeske, 2011, Voluntary wheel running produces resistance to inescapable stress-induced potentiation of morphine conditioned place preference, Behav Brain Res, 219, 378, 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.01.030 Rueter, 1997, A critical review of 5-HT brain microdialysis and behavior, Rev Neurosci, 8, 117, 10.1515/REVNEURO.1997.8.2.117 Ruedi-Bettschen, 2010, Attenuation of cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug seeking in squirrel monkeys: kappa opioid and serotonergic mechanisms, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 210, 169, 10.1007/s00213-009-1705-2 Rutter, 1995, Systemic uptake inhibition decreases serotonin release via somatodendritic autoreceptor activation, Synapse, 20, 225, 10.1002/syn.890200306 Rutter, 1998, Systemically administered cocaine alters stimulus-evoked responses of thalamic somatosensory neurons to perithreshold vibrissae stimulation, Brain Res, 798, 7, 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00320-5 Sabol, 1998, Reserpine attenuates d-amphetamine and MDMA-induced transmitter release in vivo: a consideration of dose, core temperature and dopamine synthesis, Brain Res, 806, 69, 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00720-3 Sachs, 2014, Congenital brain serotonin deficiency leads to reduced ethanol sensitivity and increased ethanol consumption in mice, Neuropharmacology, 77, 177, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.09.010 Saiz, 2008, Association between heroin dependence and 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphisms, Eur Addiction Res, 14, 47, 10.1159/000110410 Saiz, 2009, Differential role of serotonergic polymorphisms in alcohol and heroin dependence, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 33, 695, 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.03.016 Salomon, 2007, Paradoxical constitutive behavioral sensitization to amphetamine in mice lacking 5-HT2A receptors, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 194, 11, 10.1007/s00213-007-0810-3 Sano, 2008, Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced catalepsy-like immobilization is mediated by decreased 5-HT neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens due to the action of glutamate-containing neurons, Neuroscience, 151, 320, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.10.026 Sanchis-Segura, 2006, Behavioural assessment of drug reinforcement and addictive features in rodents: an overview, Addict Biol, 11, 2, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00012.x Sari, 2013, Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT1B) receptors in the regulation of ethanol intake in rodents, J Psychopharmacol, 27, 3, 10.1177/0269881112463126 Sasaki, 1995, The discriminative stimulus effects of methamphetamine in pigeons, Psychopharmacology, 120, 303, 10.1007/BF02311178 Sastre-Coll, 2002, Supersensitivity of 5-HT1A autoreceptors and alpha2-adrenoceptors regulating monoamine synthesis in the brain of morphine-dependent rats, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 365, 210, 10.1007/s00210-001-0508-8 Satel, 1995, Tryptophan depletion and attenuation of cue-induced craving for cocaine, Am J Psychiatry, 152, 778, 10.1176/ajp.152.5.778 Saules, 2004, Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in smoking cessation treatment including nicotine patch and cognitive-behavioral group therapy, Am J Addictions, 13, 438, 10.1080/10550490490512762 Sawyer, 2012, Neurobiological changes mediating the effects of chronic fluoxetine on cocaine use, Neuropsychopharmacology, 37, 1816, 10.1038/npp.2012.29 Scanzello, 1993, Serotonergic recovery after (+/−)3,4-(methylenedioxy) methamphetamine injury: observations in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 264, 1484 Scearce-Levie, 1999, Locomotor response to MDMA is attenuated in knockout mice lacking the 5-HT1B receptor, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 141, 154, 10.1007/s002130050819 Schama, 1997, Serotonergic modulation of the discriminative-stimulus effects of cocaine in squirrel monkeys, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 132, 27, 10.1007/s002130050316 Schechter, 1972, Nicotine as a discriminative stimulus in rats depleted of norepinephrine or 5-hydroxytryptamine, Psychopharmacologia, 24, 417, 10.1007/BF00402536 Schechter, 1988, Serotonergic-dopaminergic mediation of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Mdma, Ecstasy), Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 31, 817, 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90390-5 Schechter, 1992, Further evidence for the mechanisms that may mediate nicotine discrimination, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 41, 807, 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90231-4 Schechter, 1991, Effect of serotonin depletion by p-chlorophenylalanine upon discriminative behaviours, Gen Pharmacol, 22, 889, 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90226-V Scheel-Krüger, 1977, Cocaine: discussion of the role of dopamine in the biochemical mechanism of action, 373, 10.1007/978-1-4684-3087-5_19 Schenk, 2000, Effects of the serotonin 5-HT(2) antagonist, ritanserin, and the serotonin 5-HT(1A) antagonist, WAY 100635, on cocaine-seeking in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 67, 363, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00377-4 Schenk, 2011, Dopaminergic mechanisms of reinstatement of MDMA-seeking behaviour in rats, Br J Pharmacol, 162, 1770, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01193.x Schenk, 2013, Effects of repeated exposure to MDMA on 5HT1a autoreceptor function: behavioral and neurochemical responses to 8-OHDPAT, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 227, 355, 10.1007/s00213-013-2980-5 Schiffer, 2001, Topiramate selectively attenuates nicotine-induced increases in monoamine release, Synapse, 42, 196, 10.1002/syn.10000 Schmidt, 1987, Invitro and invivo neurochemical effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine on striatal monoaminergic systems in the rat-brain, Biochem Pharmacol, 36, 747, 10.1016/0006-2952(87)90729-5 Schmidt, 1987, Acute administration of methylenedioxymethamphetamine – comparison with the neurochemical effects of Its N-desmethyl and N-ethyl analogs, Eur J Pharmacol, 136, 81, 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90782-5 Schmidt, 1988, Direct central effects of acute methylenedioxymethamphetamine on serotonergic neurons, Eur J Pharmacol, 156, 121, 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90154-9 Segal, 1975, Behavioral characterization of d-amphetamine and l-amphetamine – neurochemical implications, Science, 190, 475, 10.1126/science.1166317 Segal, 1997, Repeated binge exposures to amphetamine and methamphetamine: behavioral and neurochemical characterization, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 282, 561 Seiden, 1993, Amphetamine – effects on catecholamine systems and behavior, Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 33, 639, 10.1146/annurev.pa.33.040193.003231 Selim, 1996, Effect of ethanol on extracellular 5-HT and glutamate in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex: comparison between the Lewis and Fischer 344 rat strains, Brain Res, 716, 157, 10.1016/0006-8993(95)01385-7 Sellers, 1994, Clinical efficacy of the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron in alcohol abuse and dependence, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 18, 879, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00054.x Semba, 2008, Chronic effect of nicotine on serotonin transporter mRNA in the raphe nucleus of rats: reversal by co-administration of bupropion, Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 62, 435, 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2008.01822.x Semenova, 2010, The alpha2 adrenergic receptor antagonist idazoxan, but not the serotonin-2A receptor antagonist M100907, partially attenuated reward deficits associated with nicotine, but not amphetamine, withdrawal in rats, Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 20, 731, 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.05.003 Seneviratne, 2009, Characterization of a functional polymorphism in the 3′ UTR of SLC6A4 and its association with drinking intensity, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 33, 332, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00837.x Seneviratne, 2013, Association, interaction, and replication analysis of genes encoding serotonin transporter and 5-HT3 receptor subunits A and B in alcohol dependence, Hum Genet, 132, 1165, 10.1007/s00439-013-1319-y Series, 1994, P-Chloroamphetamine (Pca), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Mdma) and d-fenfluramine pretreatment attenuates d-fenfluramine-evoked release of 5-HT in-vivo, Psychopharmacology, 116, 508, 10.1007/BF02247485 Serretti, 2009, TPH2 gene variants and anxiety during alcohol detoxification outcome, Psychiatry Res, 167, 106, 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.12.006 Sershen, 1996, Effect of ibogaine on cocaine-induced efflux of [3H] dopamine and [3H] serotonin from mouse striatum, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 53, 863, 10.1016/0091-3057(95)02098-5 Shaham, 2003, The reinstatement model of drug relapse: history, methodology and major findings, Psychopharmacology, 168, 3, 10.1007/s00213-002-1224-x Shankar, 2000, Effect of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron on amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and stereotypy in rats, Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 44, 355 Shearman, 2005, Locally administered loc nicotine-induced neurotransmitter changes in areas of cognitive function, Neurochem Res, 30, 1055, 10.1007/s11064-005-7132-9 Shelton, 2013, Efficacy of buspirone for attenuating cocaine and methamphetamine reinstatement in rats, Drug Alcohol Depend, 129, 210, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.01.003 Shimizu, 1992, In vivo measurement of hypothalamic serotonin release by intracerebral microdialysis: significant enhancement by immobilization stress in rats, Brain Res Bull, 28, 727, 10.1016/0361-9230(92)90252-S Shioe, 2003, No association between genotype of the promoter region of serotonin transporter gene and serotonin transporter binding in human brain measured by PET, Synapse, 48, 184, 10.1002/syn.10204 Shuster, 1977, Sensitization to cocaine stimulation in mice, Psychopharmacology, 52, 185, 10.1007/BF00439108 Sills, 1997, Fluoxetine attenuated morphine-induced locomotion and blocks morphine-sensitization, Eur J Pharmacol, 337, 161, 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01308-3 Sills, 1999, Acute fluoxetine treatment potentiates amphetamine hyperactivity and amphetamine-induced nucleus accumbens dopamine release: possible pharmacokinetic interaction, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 141, 421, 10.1007/s002130050852 Sills, 1999, The potentiating effect of sertraline and fluoxetine on amphetamine-induced locomotor activity is not mediated by serotonin, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 143, 426, 10.1007/s002130050968 Sills, 2000, Subchronic fluoxetine treatment induces a transient potentiation of amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion: possible pharmacokinetic interaction, Behav Pharmacol, 11, 109, 10.1097/00008877-200004000-00002 Silverstone, 1992, Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, partially attenuates the effects of amphetamine: a pilot study in healthy volunteers, Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 7, 37, 10.1097/00004850-199200710-00005 Singer, 2004, Nicotine-induced changes in neurotransmitter levels in brain areas associated with cognitive function, Neurochem Res, 29, 1779, 10.1023/B:NERE.0000035814.45494.15 Singh, 2003, Fluoxetine suppresses morphine tolerance and dependence: modulation of NO-cGMP/DA/serotonergic pathways, Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 25, 273, 10.1358/mf.2003.25.4.769675 Sizemore, 2000, Ventral pallidal extracellular fluid levels of dopamine, serotonin, gamma amino butyric acid, and glutamate during cocaine self-administration in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 150, 391, 10.1007/s002130000456 Smith, 1986, Dietary tryptophan supplements attenuate amphetamine self-administration in the rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 25, 849, 10.1016/0091-3057(86)90397-7 Smith, 1987, Effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions of the nucleus-accumbens on rat intravenous morphine self-administration, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 26, 607, 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90173-0 Smith, 1999, Ethanol exposure differentially alters central monoamine neurotransmission in alcohol-preferring versus -nonpreferring rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 288, 1223 Solinas, 2008, Reversal of cocaine addiction by environmental enrichment, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, 17145, 10.1073/pnas.0806889105 Sora, 1998, Cocaine reward models: conditioned place preference can be established in dopamine- and in serotonin-transporter knockout mice, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 7699, 10.1073/pnas.95.13.7699 Sora, 2001, Molecular mechanisms of cocaine reward: combined dopamine and serotonin transporter knockouts eliminate cocaine place preference, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98, 5300, 10.1073/pnas.091039298 Sorensen, 1993, Characterization of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist MDL 100907 as a putative atypical antipsychotic: behavioral, electrophysiological and neurochemical studies, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 266, 684 Soto, 2009, Citalopram enhances cocaine's subjective effects in rats, Behav Pharmacol, 20, 759, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e328333a267 Spanagel, 2009, a systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behavior, Physiol Rev, 89, 649, 10.1152/physrev.00013.2008 Spealman, 1993, Modification of behavioral-effects of cocaine by selective serotonin and dopamine uptake inhibitors in squirrel-monkeys, Psychopharmacology, 112, 93, 10.1007/BF02247368 Sperling, 2011, Shifting topographic activation and 5-HT1A receptor-mediated inhibition of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons produced by nicotine exposure and withdrawal, Eur J Neurosci, 33, 1866, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07677.x Spring, 1991, Weight-gain and withdrawal symptoms after smoking cessation – a preventive intervention using d-fenfluramine, Health Psychol, 10, 216, 10.1037/0278-6133.10.3.216 Spring, 1995, Efficacies of dexfenfluramine and fluoxetine in preventing weight-gain after smoking cessation, Am J Clin Nutrition, 62, 1181, 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1181 Spring, 2007, Fluoxetine, smoking, and history of major depression: a randomized controlled trial, J Cons Clin Psychol, 75, 85, 10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.85 Sprouse, 1989, Mdma (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) inhibits the firing of dorsal raphe neurons in brain-slices via release of serotonin, Eur J Pharmacol, 167, 375, 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90446-9 Sprouse, 1990, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced release of serotonin and inhibition of dorsal raphe cell firing – potentiation by l-tryptophan, Eur J Pharmacol, 178, 313, 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90110-R Spyraki, 1987, Intravenous cocaine-induced place preference: attenuation by haloperidol, Behav Brain Res, 26, 57, 10.1016/0166-4328(87)90016-7 Spyraki, 1988, Drug-induced place preference in rats with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions of the nucleus accumbens, Behav Brain Res, 29, 127, 10.1016/0166-4328(88)90060-5 Staiti, 2011, A microdialysis study of the medial prefrontal cortex of adolescent and adult rats, Neuropharmacology, 61, 544, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.04.005 Starr, 2008, MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)-mediated distortion of somatosensory signal transmission and neurotransmitter efflux in the ventral posterior medial thalamus, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 327, 20, 10.1124/jpet.108.139337 Starr, 2012, Effects of repeated 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine administration on neurotransmitter efflux and sensory-evoked discharge in the ventral posterior medial thalamus, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 340, 73, 10.1124/jpet.111.185728 Staub, 2012, Morphine history sensitizes postsynaptic GABA receptors on dorsal raphe serotonin neurons in a stress-induced relapse model in rats, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, 859, 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.10.002 Steed, 2011, Serotonergic involvement in methamphetamine-induced locomotor activity: a detailed pharmacological study, Behav Brain Res, 220, 9, 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.01.026 Stolerman, 1983, Nicotine cue in rats analysed with drugs acting on cholinergic and 5-hydroxytryptamine mechanisms, Neuropharmacology, 22, 1029, 10.1016/0028-3908(83)90021-7 Storvik, 2012, Whole-hemisphere autoradiography of 5-HT(1)B receptor densities in postmortem alcoholic brains, Psychiatry Res, 202, 264, 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.11.001 Subhan, 2000, Potentiation of opioid-induced conditioned place preference by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, Eur J Pharmacol, 390, 137, 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00909-7 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Results from the 2010 national survey on drug use and health: volume I. Summary of national findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011. Sudakov, 2007, Self-administration of morphine by rats causes monoamine release in the anterior cingulate cortex, Bull Exp Biol Med, 144, 210, 10.1007/s10517-007-0291-8 Suemaru, 2001, Cessation of chronic nicotine administration enhances wet-dog shake responses to 5-HT2 receptor stimulation in rats, Psychopharmacology, 159, 38, 10.1007/s002130100866 Summers, 1995, Effects of local and repeated systemic administration of (−)nicotine on extracellular levels of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in rat cortex, Neurochem Res, 20, 753, 10.1007/BF01705545 Suriyaprom, 2012, Association of HTTLPR and 5-HT(2)A T102C polymorphisms with smoking characteristics and anthropometric profiles of Thai males, Genet Mol Res, 11, 4360, 10.4238/2012.October.15.2 Suzuki, 1992, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists block cocaine- and methamphetamine-induced place preference, Yakubutsu Seishin Kodo, 12, 33 Suzuki, 1997, Attenuation of mecamylamine-precipitated nicotine-withdrawal aversion by the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron, Life Sci, 61, L249, 10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00745-5 Svensson, 1993, Involvement of the serotonergic system in ethanol intake in the rat, Alcohol, 10, 219, 10.1016/0741-8329(93)90039-Q Svingos, 1992, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists block cocaine-induced locomotion via a PCPA-sensitive mechanism, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 43, 871, 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90420-K Szumlinski, 2003, Pretreatment with serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists produces no observable blockade of long-term motor sensitization to cocaine in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 165, 329, 10.1007/s00213-002-1274-0 Szumlinski, 2004, Dissociable roles for the dorsal and median raphe in the faciliatory effect of 5-HT1A receptor stimulation upon cocaine-induced locomotion and sensitization, Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 1675, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300473 Takamatsu, 2006, Fluoxetine as a potential pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine dependence: studies in mice, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1074, 295, 10.1196/annals.1369.026 Takamatsu, 2011, The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine, but not fluvoxamine, decreases methamphetamine conditioned place preference in mice, Curr Neuropharmacol, 9, 68, 10.2174/157015911795017236 Tan, 1999, Evidence for an association between heroin dependence and a VNTR polymorphism at the serotonin transporter locous, Mol Psychiatry, 4, 215, 10.1038/sj.mp.4000541 Tao, 1994, Increased extracellular serotonin in rat-brain after systemic or intraraphe administration of morphine, J Neurochem, 63, 517, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63020517.x Tao, 1995, Involvement of the dorsal raphe but not median raphe nucleus in morphine-induced increases in serotonin release in the rat forebrain, Neuroscience, 68, 553, 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00154-B Tao, 1998, Alteration in regulation of serotonin release in rat dorsal raphe nucleus after prolonged exposure to morphine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 286, 481 Tao, 2002, GABAergic and glutamatergic afferents in the dorsal raphe nucleus mediate morphine-induced increases in serotonin efflux in the rat central nervous system, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 303, 704, 10.1124/jpet.102.038133 Taylor, 2003, Systemic morphine-induced release of serotonin in the rostroventral medulla is not mimicked by morphine microinjection into the periaqueuctal gray, J Neurochem, 86, 1129, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01907.x Teneud, 1996, Systemic and local cocaine increase extracellular serotonin in the nucleus accumbens, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 53, 747, 10.1016/0091-3057(95)02087-X Thielen, 2001, Effects of ethanol on the dorsal raphe nucleus and its projections to the caudate putamen, Alcohol, 23, 131, 10.1016/S0741-8329(01)00126-4 Thielen, 2002, Ethanol-stimulated serotonin release in the ventral hippocampus: an absence of rapid tolerance for the alcohol-preferring P rat and insensitivity in the alcohol-nonpreferring NP rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 71, 111, 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00633-5 Thomsen, 2009, Dramatically decreased cocaine self-administration in dopamine but not serotonin transporter knock-out mice, J Neurosci, 29, 1087, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4037-08.2009 Thompson, 2012, Serotonin receptor, SERT mRNA and correlations with symptoms in males with alcohol dependence and suicide, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 126, 165, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01816.x Tizabi, 2001, Nicotine attenuates DOI-induced head-twitch response in mice: Implications for Tourette syndrome, Prog Neuropsychopharm Biol Psychiatry, 25, 1445, 10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00194-4 Tomkins, 1994, Low doses of the 5-HT1A agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin (8-OH DPAT) increase ethanol intake, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 115, 173, 10.1007/BF02244769 Tomkins, 1994, Median and dorsal raphe injections of the 5-HT1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, and the GABAA agonist, muscimol, increase voluntary ethanol intake in Wistar rats, Neuropharmacology, 33, 349, 10.1016/0028-3908(94)90065-5 Tomkins, 2000, Effect of 5-HT(1B) receptor ligands on self-administration of ethanol in an operant procedure in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 66, 129, 10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00232-X Tomkins, 2002, An investigation of the role of 5-HT(2C) receptors in modifying ethanol self-administration behaviour, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 71, 735, 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00710-9 Toth, 1992, Effect of nicotine on extracellular levels of neurotransmitters assessed by microdialysis in various brain regions: role of glutamic acid, Neurochem Res, 17, 265, 10.1007/BF00966669 Touiki, 2008, Chronic intermittent nicotine treatment dose-dependently alters serotonergic neurons response to citalopram in the rat, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 89, 338, 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.01.005 Tran-Nguyen, 1999, Serotonin depletion attenuates cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, Psychopharmacology, 146, 60, 10.1007/s002130051088 Tran-Nguyen, 2001, Serotonin depletion attenuates cocaine seeking but enhances sucrose seeking and the effects of cocaine priming on reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 157, 340, 10.1007/s002130100822 Trigo, 2007, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine self-administration is abolished in serotonin transporter knockout mice, Biol Psychiatry, 62, 669, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.11.005 Tristan-Noguero, 2013, Lack of association between the LPR and VNTR polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene and cocaine dependence in a Spanish sample, Psychiatry Res, 210, 1287, 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.09.004 Trummer, 2006, The serotonin transporter gene polymorphism is not associated with smoking behavior, Pharmacogenomics J, 6, 397, 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500389 Tzschentke, 2007, Measuring reward with the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm: update of the last decade, Addict Biol, 12, 227, 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2007.00070.x Vaht M, Merenakk L, Maestu J, Veidebaum T, Harro J. Serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and alcohol use in general population: interaction effect with birth cohort. Psychopharmacology (Berl); 2014, in press. van den Buuse, 2011, Enhanced effects of amphetamine but reduced effects of the hallucinogen, 5-MeO-DMT, on locomotor activity in 5-HT(1A) receptor knockout mice: implications for schizophrenia, Neuropharmacology, 61, 209, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.04.001 van der Zwaluw, 2010, A serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) predicts the development of adolescent alcohol use, Drug Alcohol Depend, 112, 134, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.06.001 Van Dyck, 2004, Central serotonin transporter availability measured with [123I]beta-CIT SPECT in relation to serotonin transporter genotype, Am J Psychiatry, 161, 525, 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.3.525 van Gaalen, 2010, 5-HT6 antagonism attenuates cue-induced relapse to cocaine seeking without affecting cocaine reinforcement, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 13, 961, 10.1017/S1461145710000428 van Wel, 2012, Effects of acute MDMA intoxication on mood and impulsivity: role of the 5-HT2 and 5-HT1 receptors, PLoS ONE, 7, e40187, 10.1371/journal.pone.0040187 Van Wijngaarden, 1990, The concept of selectivity in 5-HT receptor research, Eur J Pharmacol, 188, 301, 10.1016/0922-4106(90)90190-9 Vanderschuren, 2000, Alterations in dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission in the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization: a critical review of preclinical studies, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 151, 99, 10.1007/s002130000493 Vanderschuren, 2004, Drug seeking becomes compulsive after prolonged cocaine self-administration, Science, 305, 1017, 10.1126/science.1098975 Varela, 2011, Sensitization to MDMA locomotor effects and changes in the functionality of 5-HT(2A) and D(2) receptors in mice, Behav Pharmacol, 22, 362, 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283487346 Veletza, 2009, Psychological vulnerability differences in students--carriers or not of the serotonin transporter promoter allele S: effect of adverse experiences, Synapse, 63, 193, 10.1002/syn.20598 Villegier, 2006, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors allow locomotor and rewarding responses to nicotine, Neuropsychopharmacology, 31, 1704, 10.1038/sj.npp.1300987 Vollenweider, 1998, Psychological and cardiovascular effects and short-term sequelae of MDMA (“ecstasy”) in MDMA-naive healthy volunteers, Neuropsychopharmacology, 19, 241, 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00013-X Wagner, 2002, From first drug use to drug dependence; developmental periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol, Neuropsychopharmacology, 26, 479, 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00367-0 Walsh, 1994, Fluoxetine alters the effects of intravenous cocaine in humans, J Clin Psychopharmacol, 14, 396, 10.1097/00004714-199412000-00005 Waldorf, 1991 Wang, 1995, Further studies to examine the nature of dexfenfluramine-induced suppression of heroin self-administration, Psychopharmacology, 120, 134, 10.1007/BF02246185 Watanabe, 2013, Enhancement of alcohol drinking in mice depends on alterations in RNA editing of serotonin 2C receptors, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 1 Waters, 2012, Effects of the selective 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist SB-269970 in animal models of psychosis and cognition, Behav Brain Res, 228, 211, 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.12.009 Weinstein, 2014, Treatment of cannabis dependence using escitalopram in combination with cognitive-behavior therapy: a double-blind placebo-controlled study, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 40, 16, 10.3109/00952990.2013.819362 West, 1996, Randomised controlled trial of odansetron in smoking cessation, Psychopharmacology, 126, 95, 10.1007/BF02246417 West, 1995, Stimulus effects of d-amphetamine II: DA, NE, and 5-HT mechanisms, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 51, 69, 10.1016/0091-3057(94)00361-L White, 1996, Addictive drugs as reinforcers: multiple partial actions on memory systems, Addiction, 91, 921, 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb03586.x White, 2011, Cigarette smoking in young adults: the influence of the HTR2A T102C polymorphism and punishment sensitivity, Drug Alcohol Depend, 114, 140 Whitelaw, 1996, Excitotoxic lesions of the basolateral amygdala impair the acquisition of cocaine-seeking behaviour under a second-order schedule of reinforcement, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 127, 213, 10.1007/BF02805996 Wiens, 2008, Chronic intake of fermented floral nectar by wild treeshrews, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, 10426, 10.1073/pnas.0801628105 Will, 2004, Electrolytic lesions and pharmacological inhibition of the dorsal raphe nucleus prevent stressor potentiation of morphine conditioned place preference in rats, Psychopharmacology, 171, 191, 10.1007/s00213-003-1572-1 Wilson, 1996, The 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT reduces ethanol intake and maintained behavior in female Sprague-Dawley rats, Alcohol, 13, 407, 10.1016/0741-8329(95)02110-8 Winstanley, 2011, A randomized controlled trial of fluoxetine in the treatment of cocaine dependence among methadone-maintained patients, J Subst Abuse Treat, 40, 255, 10.1016/j.jsat.2010.11.010 Winter, 1977, Morphine and ethanol as discriminative stimuli – absence of antagonism by para-chlorophenylalanine methyl-ester, cinanserin, or Bc-105, Psychopharmacology, 53, 159, 10.1007/BF00426486 Wise, 2002, Brain reward circuitry: insights from unsensed incentives, Neuron, 36, 229, 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00965-0 Witkin, 1999, Behavioral, toxic, and neurochemical effects of sydnocarb, a novel psychomotor stimulant: comparisons with methamphetamine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 288, 1298 Wooters, 2009, Neuropharmacology of the interoceptive stimulus properties of nicotine, Curr Drug Abuse Rev, 2, 243, 10.2174/1874473710902030243 Wrzosek, 2012, Serotonin 2A receptor gene (HTR2A) polymorphism in alcohol-dependent patients, Pharmacol Rep, 64, 449, 10.1016/S1734-1140(12)70787-9 Xiong, 2011, Psychotropic and nonpsychotropic cannabis derivatives inhibit human 5-HT(3A) receptors through a receptor desensitization-dependent mechanism, Neuroscience, 184, 28, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.066 Yamamoto, 1995, Modulation of methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced striatal dopamine release by the interaction between serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric-acid in the substantia-nigra, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 273, 1063 Yan, 1999, Extracellular dopamine and serotonin after ethanol monitored with 5-minute microdialysis, Alcohol, 19, 1, 10.1016/S0741-8329(99)00006-3 Yang, 1999, Infusion of nicotine into the LHA enhances dopamine and 5-HT release and suppresses food intake, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 64, 155, 10.1016/S0091-3057(99)00111-2 Yang, 2010, The effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on 5-HT3 receptors depends on the current density, Neuroscience, 171, 40, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.044 Yang, 2010, The nonpsychoactive cannabinoid cannabidiol inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine3A receptor-mediated currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 333, 547, 10.1124/jpet.109.162594 Yang, 2013, Serotonin transporter and receptor genes significantly impact nicotine dependence through genetic interactions in both European American and African American smokers, Drug Alcohol Depend, 129, 217, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.007 Yasuda, 2002, Effect of nicotine cessation on the central serotonergic systems in mice: involvement of 5-HT2 receptors, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 366, 276, 10.1007/s00210-002-0592-4 Yeh, 1991, Cocaine-induced locomotor-activity in rats, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 39, 723, 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90154-T Yokel, 1973, Self-administration of optical isomers of amphetamine and methylamphetamine by rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 187, 27 Yoo, 2006, Involvement of 5-HT receptors in the development and expression of methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization: 5-HT receptor channel and binding study, J Neurochem, 99, 976, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04137.x Yoshimoto, 1987, Reexamination of the relationship between alcohol preference and brain monoamines in inbred strains of mice including senescence-accelerated mice, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 27, 317, 10.1016/0091-3057(87)90575-2 Yoshimoto, 1992, Ethanol enhances the release of dopamine and serotonin in the nucleus accumbens of HAD and LAD lines of rats, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 16, 781, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1992.tb00678.x Yoshimoto, 1992, Alcohol stimulates the release of dopamine and serotonin in the nucleus accumbens, Alcohol, 9, 17, 10.1016/0741-8329(92)90004-T Yoshimoto, 2000, Alcohol enhances characteristic releases of dopamine and serotonin in the central nucleus of the amygdala, Neurochem Int, 37, 369, 10.1016/S0197-0186(00)00037-1 Yoshimoto, 2012, Serotonin2C receptors in the nucleus accumbens are involved in enhanced alcohol-drinking behavior, Eur J Neurosci, 35, 1368, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08037.x Young, 2006, Modulation of a (+)amphetamine discriminative stimulus in rats by 8-hydroxy-2-(N,N-di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH DPAT), Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 83, 612, 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.03.025 Young, 2006, Effect of the 5-HT(6) serotonin antagonist MS-245 on the actions of (−)nicotine, Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 85, 170, 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.07.029 Yu, 1986, Fluoxetine-induced attenuation of amphetamine self-administration in rats, Life Sci, 39, 1383, 10.1016/0024-3205(86)90337-1 Yubero-Lahoz, 2012, Effects of MDMA and related analogs on plasma 5-HT: relevance to 5-HT transporters in blood and brain, Eur J Pharmacol, 674, 337, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.10.033 Zaniewska, 2007, Effects of the serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor ligands on the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine in rats, Eur J Pharmacol, 571, 156, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.05.067 Zaniewska, 2010, Differential effects of serotonin (5-HT)2 receptor-targeting ligands on locomotor responses to nicotine-repeated treatment, Synapse, 64, 511, 10.1002/syn.20756 Zaniewska, 2010, Effects of serotonin (5-HT)2 receptor ligands on depression-like behavior during nicotine withdrawal, Neuropharmacology, 58, 1140, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.02.006 Zavitsanou, 2010, Cannabinoid administration increases 5HT1A receptor binding and mRNA expression in the hippocampus of adult but not adolescent rats, Neuroscience, 169, 315, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.04.005 Zayara, 2011, Blockade of nucleus accumbens 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors prevents the expression of cocaine-induced behavioral and neurochemical sensitization in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 213, 321, 10.1007/s00213-010-1996-3 Zhang, 2007, Reversal of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and associated phosphorylation of the NR2B and GluR1 subunits of the NMDA and AMPA receptors, Neuropsychopharmacology, 32, 377, 10.1038/sj.npp.1301101 Zhou, 1991, Immunostained serotonergic fibers are decreased in selected brain regions of alcohol-preferring rats, Alcohol, 8, 425, 10.1016/S0741-8329(91)90034-T Zhou, 1994, Reduced serotonergic immunoreactive fibers in the forebrain of alcohol-preferring rats, Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 18, 571, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00912.x Zhou, 1998, Alcohols potentiate the function of 5-HT3 receptor-channels on NCB-20 neuroblastoma cells by favouring and stabilizing the open channel state, J Physiol, 507, 335, 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.335bt.x Zorick, 2011, Poor response to sertraline in methamphetamine dependence is associated with sustained craving for methamphetamine, Drug Alcohol Depend, 118, 500, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.04.015