Magnetic nanoparticles incorporation into different substrates for dyes and heavy metals removal—A Review

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 27 - Trang 43526-43541 - 2020
Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan1, Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak1, Yie Hua Tan1, Rama Rao Karri2, Mohammad Khalid3, Rashmi Walvekar4, Ezzat Chan Abdullah5, Shaukat Ali Mazari6, Sabzoi Nizamuddin7
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Sarawak, Malaysia
2Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
3Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
4Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
5Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
6Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
7School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

Tóm tắt

Substantial discharge of hazardous substances, especially dyes and heavy metal ions to the environment, has become a global concern due to many industries neglecting the environmental protocols in waste management. A massive discharge of contaminantsfrom different anthropogenic activities, can pose alarming threats to living species and adverse effect to the ecosystem stability. In the process of treating the polluted water, various methods and materials are used. Hybrid nanocomposites have attained numerous interest due to the combination of remarkable features of the organic and inorganic elements in a single material. In this regards, carbon and polymer based nanocomposites have gained particular interest because of their tremendous magnetic properties and stability. These nanocomposites can be fabricated using several approaches that include filling, template, hydrothermal, pulsed-laser irradiation, electro-spinning, detonation induced reaction, pyrolysis, ball milling, melt-blending, and many more. Moreover, carbon-based and polymer-based magnetic nanocomposites have been utilized for an extensive number of applications such as removal of heavy metal and dye adsorbents, magnetic resonance imaging, and drug delivery. This review emphasized mainly on the production of magnetic carbon and polymer nanocomposites employing various approaches and their applications in water and wastewater treatment. Furthermore, the future opportunities and challenges in applying magnetic nanocomposites for heavy metal ion and dye removal from water and wastewater treatment plant.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Abdali N, Marjani A, Heidary F, Adimi M (2017) Fabrication of PVA coated PES/PVDF nanocomposite membranes embedded with in situ formed magnetite nanoparticles for removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions. New J Chem 41:6405–6414 Aksu Z (2005) Application of biosorption for the removal of organic pollutants: a review. Process Biochem 40:997–1026 Allia P, Sangermano M, Chiolerio A (2016): Magnetic properties of polymer nanocomposites. Functional and Physical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites; Dasari, A., Njuguna, J., Eds, 119–137 Althues H, Henle J, Kaskel S (2007) Functional inorganic nanofillers for transparent polymers. Chem Soc Rev 36:1454–1465 Anju M, Renuka N (2015) A novel template free synthetic strategy to graphene–iron oxide nanotube hybrid. RSC Adv 5:78648–78654 Aslan K, Lakowicz JR, Geddes CD (2004) Tunable plasmonic glucose sensing based on the dissociation of con A-aggregated dextran-coated gold colloids. Anal Chim Acta 517:139–144 Ates M (2016) A review on conducting polymer coatings for corrosion protection. J Adhes Sci Technol 30:1510–1536 Bagherzadeh M, Haddadi H, Iranpour M (2016) Electrochemical evaluation and surface study of magnetite/PANI nanocomposite for carbon steel protection in 3.5% NaCl. Progress in Organic Coatings 101:149–160 Bai C, Spontak R, Koch C, Saw C, Balik C (2000) Structural changes in poly (ethylene terephthalate) induced by mechanical milling. Polymer 41:7147–7157 Balazs AC, Emrick T, Russell TP (2006) Nanoparticle polymer composites: where two small worlds meet. Science 314:1107–1110 Bandari F, Safa F, Shariati S (2015) Application of response surface method for optimization of adsorptive removal of eriochrome black T using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite. Arab J Sci Eng 40:3363–3372 Barakat M (2011) New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arab J Chem 4:361–377 Barrera G, Tiberto P, Allia P, Bonelli B, Esposito S, Marocco A, Pansini M, Leterrier Y (2019) Magnetic properties of nanocomposites. Appl Sci 9:212 Batley G, Farrar Y (1978) Irradiation techniques for the release of bound heavy metals in natural waters and blood. Anal Chim Acta 99:283–292 Behrens S (2011) Preparation of functional magnetic nanocomposites and hybrid materials: recent progress and future directions. Nanoscale 3:877–892 Bespalov V, Boginskaya I, Bykov I, Vinogradov A, Gusev A, Dorofeenko A, Mailyan K, Ryzhikov I, Pebalk A (2010) Using the metal-polymer nanocomposite polyparaxylylene-Ag as a medium with assigned optical characteristics. J Opt Technol 77:726–728 Bhaumik M, Leswifi TY, Maity A, Srinivasu V, Onyango MS (2011) Removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by polypyrrole/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite. J Hazard Mater 186:150–159 Bodalo-Santoyo A, Gómez-Carrasco J, Gomez-Gomez E, Maximo-Martin F, Hidalgo-Montesinos A (2003) Application of reverse osmosis to reduce pollutants present in industrial wastewater. Desalination 155:101–108 Bonder M, Zhang Y, Kiick K, Papaefthymiou V, Hadjipanayis G (2007) Controlling synthesis of Fe nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol. J Magn Magn Mater 311:658–664 Burke N, Stover H, Dawson F, Lavers J, Jain P, Oka H (2001) Preparation and characterization of polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles. IEEE Trans Magn 37:2660–2662 Camargo PHC, Satyanarayana KG, Wypych F (2009) Nanocomposites: synthesis, structure, properties and new application opportunities. Mater Res 12:1–39 Chandra V, Park J, Chun Y, Lee JW, Hwang I-C, Kim KS (2010) Water-dispersible magnetite-reduced graphene oxide composites for arsenic removal. ACS Nano 4:3979–3986 Chen H, Lv K, Du Y, Ye H, Du D (2016a) Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of Fe2O3/ACF hybrid for high efficient as (V) removal. J Alloys Compd 674:399–405 Chen L, Xiong D (2015) Magnetic techniques for mineral processing, Progress in filtration and separation. Elsevier, pp:287–324 Chen M, Shao L-L, Li J-J, Pei W-J, Chen M-K, Xie X-H (2016b) One-step hydrothermal synthesis of hydrophilic Fe 3 O 4/carbon composites and their application in removing toxic chemicals. RSC Adv 6:35228–35238 Cheng J, Wang B, Park CM, Wu Y, Huang H, Nie F (2013) CNT@ Fe3O4@ C coaxial nanocables: one-pot, additive-free synthesis and remarkable lithium storage behavior. Chem Eur J 19:9866–9874 Cheremisinoff NP (2018) Introduction to polymer rheology and processing. Crc Press Chu Y, Zhang P, Hu J, Yang W, Wang C (2009) Synthesis of monodispersed co (Fe)/carbon nanocomposite microspheres with very high saturation magnetization. J Phys Chem C 113:4047–4052 Cirtiu CM, Raychoudhury T, Ghoshal S, Moores A (2011) Systematic comparison of the size, surface characteristics and colloidal stability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles pre-and post-grafted with common polymers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 390:95–104 Dean JG, Bosqui FL, Lanouette KH (1972) Removing heavy metals from wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology 6:518–522 Delogu F, Gorrasi G, Sorrentino A (2017) Fabrication of polymer nanocomposites via ball milling: present status and future perspectives. Prog Mater Sci 86:75–126 Dobson J (2006): Magnetic micro-and nano-particle-based targeting for drug and gene delivery Dong X, Chen H, Zhao W, Li X, Shi J (2007) Synthesis and magnetic properties of mesostructured γ-Fe2O3/carbon composites by a co-casting method. Chem Mater 19:3484–3490 Ebnesajjad S, Morgan R (2019): Fluoropolymer additives. William Andrew Ebrahimi Zarandi MJ, Sohrabi MR, Khosravi M, Mansouriieh N, Davallo M, Khosravan A (2016) Optimizing cu (II) removal from aqueous solution by magnetic nanoparticles immobilized on activated carbon using Taguchi method. Water Sci Technol 74:38–47 Ehyaee M, Safa F, Shariati S (2017) Magnetic nanocomposite of multi-walled carbon nanotube as an effective adsorbent for methyl violet removal from aqueous solutions: response surface modelling and kinetic study. Korean J Chem Eng 34:1051–1061 Farghali MA, El-Din TAS, Al-Enizi AM, El Bahnasawy RM (2015) Graphene/magnetite nanocomposite for potential environmental application. Int J Electrochem Sci 10:529–537 Fayazi M, Ghanei-Motlagh M, Taher MA (2015) The adsorption of basic dye (alizarin red S) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon/γ-Fe2O3 nano-composite: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Mater Sci Semicond Process 40:35–43 Ge W, Encinas A, Araujo E, Song S (2017) Magnetic matrices used in high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS): a review. Results in physics 7:4278–4286 Georgakilas V, Tzitzios V, Gournis D, Petridis D (2005) Attachment of magnetic nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes and their soluble derivatives. Chem Mater 17:1613–1617 Ghorbani M, Eisazadeh H, Katal R (2010) Fixed-bed column study of the removal of anions and heavy metals from cotton textile wastewater by using polyaniline and its nanocomposite containing nanometer-size Fe3O4. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 16:217–221 Gonçalves GR, Schettino MA, Morigaki MK, Nunes E, Cunha AG, Emmerich FG, Passamani EC, Baggio-Saitovitch E, Freitas JC (2015) Synthesis of nanostructured iron oxides dispersed in carbon materials and in situ XRD study of the changes caused by thermal treatment. J Nanopart Res 17:303 Gorrasi G, Sorrentino A (2015) Mechanical milling as a technology to produce structural and functional bio-nano composites. Green Chem 17:2610–2625 Graf C, Vossen DL, Imhof A, van Blaaderen A (2003) A general method to coat colloidal particles with silica. Langmuir 19:6693–6700 Greaves A, Ribaud C, Manfre F, Haupt K, Bui JBTS (2019): Molecularly imprinted polymers of sol-gel type and their use as an anti-dandruff agent. Google Patents Guo R, Jiao T, Li R, Chen Y, Guo W, Zhang L, Zhou J, Zhang Q, Peng Q (2018) Sandwiched Fe3O4/carboxylate graphene oxide nanostructures constructed by a layer-by-layer assembly for highly efficient and magnetically recyclable dye removal. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:1279–1288 Gupta BS, Afshari M (2018) Polyacrylonitrile fibers, handbook of properties of textile and technical Fibres. Elsevier, pp.:545–593 Gupta V, Agarwal S, Saleh TA (2011) Chromium removal by combining the magnetic properties of iron oxide with adsorption properties of carbon nanotubes. Water Res 45:2207–2212 Hariani PL, Faizal M, Setiabudidaya D (2018) Removal of Procion red MX-5B from songket’s industrial wastewater in South Sumatra Indonesia using activated carbon-Fe3O4 composite. Sustainable Environment Research 28:158–164 He Y, Huang L, Cai J-S, Zheng X-M, Sun S-G (2010) Structure and electrochemical performance of nanostructured Fe3O4/carbon nanotube composites as anodes for lithium ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 55:1140–1144 Hejazian M, Li W, Nguyen N-T (2015) Lab on a chip for continuous-flow magnetic cell separation. Lab Chip 15:959–970 Hoan V, Thi N, Thu A, Thi N, Duc HV, Cuong ND, Quang Khieu D (2016) Vo V (2016): Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite: synthesis and its application for toxic metal ion removal. Journal of Chemistry Holmberg K, Matthews A (2009) Coatings tribology: properties, mechanisms, techniques and applications in surface engineering. Elsevier Hu J, Lo IM, Chen G (2005) Fast removal and recovery of Cr (VI) using surface-modified jacobsite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles. Langmuir 21:11173–11179 Hu Y, Jensen JO, Zhang W, Cleemann LN, Xing W, Bjerrum NJ, Li Q (2014) Hollow spheres of iron carbide nanoparticles encased in graphitic layers as oxygen reduction catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed 53:3675–3679 Huong PTL, Lan H, An TT, Van Quy N, Tuan PA, Alonso J, Phan M-H, Le A-T (2018) Magnetic iron oxide-carbon nanocomposites: impacts of carbon coating on the as (V) adsorption and inductive heating responses. J Alloys Compd 739:139–148 Ianoş R, Păcurariu C, Muntean SG, Muntean E, Nistor MA, Nižňanský D (2018) Combustion synthesis of iron oxide/carbon nanocomposites, efficient adsorbents for anionic and cationic dyes removal from wastewaters. J Alloys Compd 741:1235–1246 Ji L, Zhou L, Bai X, Shao Y, Zhao G, Qu Y, Wang C, Li Y (2012) Facile synthesis of multiwall carbon nanotubes/iron oxides for removal of tetrabromobisphenol a and Pb (II). J Mater Chem 22:15853–15862 Jiang R, Zhu H-y, Zeng G-m, Xiao L, Guan Y-j (2010) Synergy of adsorption and visible light photocatalysis to decolor methyl orange by activated carbon/nanosized CdS/chitosan composite. J Cent S Univ Technol 17:1223–1229 Kalia S, Kango S, Kumar A, Haldorai Y, Kumari B, Kumar R (2014) Magnetic polymer nanocomposites for environmental and biomedical applications. Colloid Polym Sci 292:2025–2052 Khan FSA, Mubarak NM, Khalid M, Walvekar R, Abdullah EC, Mazari SA, Nizamuddin S, Karri RR (2020) Magnetic nanoadsorbents’ potential route for heavy metals removal—a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res:1–15 Kireeti KV, Chandrakanth G, Kadam MM, Jha N (2016) A sodium modified reduced graphene oxide–Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite for efficient lead (II) adsorption. RSC Adv 6:84825–84836 Korneva G, Ye H, Gogotsi Y, Halverson D, Friedman G, Bradley J-C, Kornev KG (2005) Carbon nanotubes loaded with magnetic particles. Nano Lett 5:879–884 Kumagai M, Imai Y, Nakamura T, Yamasaki Y, Sekino M, Ueno S, Hanaoka K, Kikuchi K, Nagano T, Kaneko E (2007) Iron hydroxide nanoparticles coated with poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (aspartic acid) block copolymer as novel magnetic resonance contrast agents for in vivo cancer imaging. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces 56:174–181 Kumar CS (2010) Nanocomposites. John Wiley & Sons Kuroda CS, Shimura T, Maeda M, Tada M, Handa H, Sandhu A, Abe M (2006) “Ferrite route” preparation of iron nanoparticles and their encapsulation in styrene-GMA co-polymer for biomedical applications. IEEE Trans Magn 42:3569–3571 Laoutid F, Bonnaud L, Alexandre M, Lopez-Cuesta J-M, Dubois P (2009) New prospects in flame retardant polymer materials: from fundamentals to nanocomposites. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports 63:100–125 Lei Y, Chen F, Luo Y, Zhang L (2014) Three-dimensional magnetic graphene oxide foam/Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite as an efficient absorbent for Cr (VI) removal. J Mater Sci 49:4236–4245 Leng C, Wei J, Liu Z, Shi J, Pan C (2010) Synthesis of polyaniline-Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites and their conductivity and magnetic properties. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed 25:760–764 Li J-h, Hong, R-y, Luo G-h, Zheng Y, Li, H-Z, Wei D-G (2010) An easy approach to encapsulating Fe3O4 nanoparticles in multiwalled carbon nanotubes. New Carbon Materials 25:192–198 Li Y-H, Di Z, Ding J, Wu D, Luan Z, Zhu Y (2005) Adsorption thermodynamic, kinetic and desorption studies of Pb2+ on carbon nanotubes. Water Res 39:605–609 Liu J, Qiao SZ, Hu QH, Lu GQ (2011) Magnetic nanocomposites with mesoporous structures: synthesis and applications. Small 7:425–443 Liu J, Wang C, Xiong Z (2015) Adsorption behavior of magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the simultaneous adsorption of furazolidone and cu (II) from aqueous solutions. Environ Eng Sci 32:960–969 Livingston JD (1996): Driving force: the natural magic of magnets. Harvard University Press Loste J, Lopez-Cuesta J-M, Billon L, Garay H, Save M (2019) Transparent polymer nanocomposites: an overview on their synthesis and advanced properties. Prog Polym Sci 89:133–158 Lu X, Mao H, Chao D, Zhang W, Wei Y (2006) Ultrasonic synthesis of polyaniline nanotubes containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles. J Solid State Chem 179:2609–2615 Maghrabi IA, Alghamdi S, Alrobaian M, Eldeab HA (2016) Green technique-solvent free microwave synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new thiopyridine arabinosides. Molecules 21:477 Mahdieh A, Mahdavian AR, Salehi-Mobarakeh H (2017) Chemical modification of magnetite nanoparticles and preparation of acrylic-base magnetic nanocomposite particles via miniemulsion polymerization. J Magn Magn Mater 426:230–238 Mehta D, Mazumdar S, Singh S (2015) Magnetic adsorbents for the treatment of water/wastewater—a review. Journal of Water Process Engineering 7:244–265 Michel M, Toniazzo V, Ruch D, Ball V (2012) Deposition mechanisms in layer-by-layer or step-by-step deposition methods: from elastic and impermeable films to soft membranes with ion exchange properties. ISRN Materials Science 2012:1–13 Moeser GD, Roach KA, Green WH, Alan Hatton T, Laibinis PE (2004) High-gradient magnetic separation of coated magnetic nanoparticles. AICHE J 50:2835–2848 Moghim MH, Zebarjad SM (2015) Fabrication and structural characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotube/Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 25:1260–1266 Mohan YM, Lee K, Premkumar T, Geckeler KE (2007) Hydrogel networks as nanoreactors: a novel approach to silver nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. Polymer 48:158–164 Mubarak N, Kundu A, Sahu J, Abdullah E, Jayakumar N (2014) Synthesis of palm oil empty fruit bunch magnetic pyrolytic char impregnating with FeCl3 by microwave heating technique. Biomass Bioenergy 61:265–275 Mukherjee A, Fryar AE (2008) Deeper groundwater chemistry and geochemical modeling of the arsenic affected western Bengal basin, West Bengal, India. Appl Geochem 23:863–894 Nas MS, Kuyuldar E, Demirkan B, Calimli MH, Demirbaş O, Sen F (2019) Magnetic nanocomposites decorated on multiwalled carbon nanotube for removal of Maxilon blue 5G using the sono-Fenton method. Sci Rep 9:1–11 Nata IF, Sureshkumar M, Lee C-K (2011) One-pot preparation of amine-rich magnetite/bacterial cellulose nanocomposite and its application for arsenate removal. RSC Adv 1:625–631 Ning L, Xiaojie L, Xiaohong W, Honghao Y, Fei M, Wei S (2009) Preparation and magnetic behavior of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles by detonation method. Compos Sci Technol 69:2554–2558 Ozkan SZ, Dzidziguri E, Karpacheva G, Chernavskii P, Efimov M, Bondarenko G (2015) A magnetic metal/polymer nanocomposite material based on poly (diphenylamine) and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. Russ Chem Bull 64:196–201 Park J-E, Atobe M, Fuchigami T (2005) Sonochemical synthesis of conducting polymer–metal nanoparticles nanocomposite. Electrochim Acta 51:849–854 Park J, Jeong S, Jeong M, Kim J, Cho B (2008) Synthesis of carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles by pulsed laser irradiation of solution. Carbon 46:1369–1377 Petrič M, Knehtl B, Krause A, Militz H, Pavlič M, Pétrissans M, Rapp A, Tomažič M, Welzbacher C, Gérardin P (2007) Wettability of waterborne coatings on chemically and thermally modified pine wood. J Coat Technol Res 4:203–206 Qiu J, Li Y, Wang Y, An Y, Zhao Z, Zhou Y, Li W (2004) Preparation of carbon-coated magnetic iron nanoparticles from composite rods made from coal and iron powders. Fuel Process Technol 86:267–274 Rane AV, Kanny K, Abitha V, Thomas S (2018) Methods for synthesis of nanoparticles and fabrication of nanocomposites, synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials. Elsevier, pp 121–139 Ranjithkumar V, Sangeetha S, Vairam S (2014) Synthesis of magnetic activated carbon/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite and its application in the removal of acid yellow 17 dye from water. J Hazard Mater 273:127–135 Rao JP, Gruenberg P, Geckeler KE (2015) Magnetic zero-valent metal polymer nanoparticles: current trends, scope, and perspectives. Prog Polym Sci 40:138–147 Rau C, Kulisch W (1994) Mechanisms of plasma polymerization of various silico-organic monomers. Thin Solid Films 249:28–37 Ravichandran K, Praseetha PK, Arun T, Gobalakrishnan S (2018) Synthesis of nanocomposites, Synthesis of Inorganic Nanomaterials. Elsevier, pp 141–168 Reiss G, Hütten A (2005) Applications beyond data storage. Nat Mater 4:725–726 Ren L, Huang S, Fan W, Liu T (2011) One-step preparation of hierarchical superparamagnetic iron oxide/graphene composites via hydrothermal method. Appl Surf Sci 258:1132–1138 Ritter JA, Ebner AD, Daniel KD, Stewart KL (2004) Application of high gradient magnetic separation principles to magnetic drug targeting. J Magn Magn Mater 280:184–201 Roeder L, Bender P, Tschöpe A, Birringer R, Schmidt AM (2012) Shear modulus determination in model hydrogels by means of elongated magnetic nanoprobes. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 50:1772–1781 Rykowska I, Wasiak W, Byra J (2008) Extraction of copper ions using silica gel with chemically modified surface. Chem Pap 62:255–259 Samadishadlou M, Farshbaf M, Annabi N, Kavetskyy T, Khalilov R, Saghfi S, Akbarzadeh A, Mousavi S (2018) Magnetic carbon nanotubes: preparation, physical properties, and applications in biomedicine. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology 46:1314–1330 Schnoor JL (1996) Environmental modeling: fate and transport of pollutants in water, air, and soil. John Wiley and Sons Shabani NM, Ghoreishi S, Eghbali BH, Jafari Y (2015) Direct electrosynthesis of polyaniline-Fe2O3 nanocomposite coating on aluminum alloy 5052 and its corrosion protection performance Shen J, Qin C, Hu Y, Li N, Ye M (2010) Facile synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle–coated single-walled carbon nanotubes and its functional modification in epoxy resin. Polym Compos 31:2035–2041 Siddiqui M, Nizamuddin S, Baloch HA, Mubarak N, Dumbre DK, Asiri AM, Bhutto A, Srinivasan M, Griffin G (2018) Synthesis of magnetic carbon nanocomposites by hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis. Environ Chem Lett 16:821–844 Singh J, Dhaliwal A (2018) Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior of silver nanoparticles containing superabsorbent based on grafted copolymer of polyacrylic acid/guar gum. Vacuum 157:51–60 Soler MA (2018) Layer-by-layer assembled iron oxide based polymeric nanocomposites. J Magn Magn Mater 467:37–48 Srivastava V, Weng C, Singh V, Sharma Y (2011) Adsorption of nickel ions from aqueous solutions by nano alumina: kinetic, mass transfer, and equilibrium studies. J Chem Eng Data 56:1414–1422 Starsich FH, Hirt AM, Stark WJ, Grass RN (2014) Gas-phase synthesis of magnetic metal/polymer nanocomposites. Nanotechnology 25:505602 Stoffelbach F, Aqil A, Jérôme C, Jérôme R, Detrembleur C (2005) An easy and economically viable route for the decoration of carbon nanotubes by magnetite nanoparticles, and their orientation in a magnetic field. Chem Commun:4532–4533 Suganya V, Anuradha V (2017) Microencapsulation and nanoencapsulation: a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9:233–239 Surpăţeanu M, Zaharia C (2004) Advanced oxidation processes for decolorization of aqueous solution containing acid red G azo dye. Open Chemistry 2:573–588 Svoboda J, Fujita T (2003) Recent developments in magnetic methods of material separation. Miner Eng 16:785–792 Szekely G, Livingston AG (2019) Sustainable nanoscale engineering: from materials design to chemical processing. Elsevier Tan F, Fan X, Zhang G, Zhang F (2007) Coating and filling of carbon nanotubes with homogeneous magnetic nanoparticles. Mater Lett 61:1805–1808 Tang L-C, Zhao L, Qiang F, Wu Q, Gong L-X, Peng J-P (2019) Mechanical properties of rubber nanocomposites containing carbon nanofillers, carbon-based nanofiller and their rubber nanocomposites. Elsevier, pp 367–423 Thiry D, Konstantinidis S, Cornil J, Snyders R (2016) Plasma diagnostics for the low-pressure plasma polymerization process: a critical review. Thin Solid Films 606:19–44 Verma D, Goh KL (2019) Functionalized graphene-based nanocomposites for energy applications, functionalized graphene nanocomposites and their derivatives. Elsevier, pp 219–243 Walsh FC, Reade GW (1994) Electrochemical techniques for the treatment of dilute metal-ion solutions, Studies in environmental science. Elsevier, pp 3–44 Wang C, Feng C, Gao Y, Ma X, Wu Q, Wang Z (2011) Preparation of a graphene-based magnetic nanocomposite for the removal of an organic dye from aqueous solution. Chem Eng J 173:92–97 Wang R-M, Zheng S-R, Zheng YG (2011) Polymer matrix composites and technology. Elsevier Wang S, Gao B, Zimmerman AR, Li Y, Ma L, Harris WG, Migliaccio KW (2015) Removal of arsenic by magnetic biochar prepared from pinewood and natural hematite. Bioresour Technol 175:391–395 Wang Y, He Q, Qu H, Zhang X, Guo J, Zhu J, Zhao G, Colorado HA, Yu J, Sun L (2014) Magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites: nanoparticles growth mechanism and property analysis. J Mater Chem C 2:9478–9488 Whitesides GM, Boncheva M (2002) Beyond molecules: self-assembly of mesoscopic and macroscopic components. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99:4769–4774 Wu W, He Q, Jiang C (2008) Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and surface functionalization strategies. Nanoscale Res Lett 3:397–415 Wu Y, Li Z, Chen J, Yu C, Huang X, Zhao C, Duan L, Yang Y, Lü W (2015) Graphene nanosheets decorated with tunable magnetic nanoparticles and their efficiency of wastewater treatment. Mater Res Bull 68:234–239 Wu Z, Li W, Webley PA, Zhao D (2012) General and controllable synthesis of novel mesoporous magnetic iron oxide@ carbon encapsulates for efficient arsenic removal. Adv Mater 24:485–491 Xing Y, Chen X, Wang D (2007) Electrically regenerated ion exchange for removal and recovery of Cr (VI) from wastewater. Environmental science & technology 41:1439–1443 Xuan S, Hao L, Jiang W, Gong X, Hu Y, Chen Z (2007) Preparation of water-soluble magnetite nanocrystals through hydrothermal approach. J Magn Magn Mater 308:210–213 Yan Q, Street J, Yu F (2015) Synthesis of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles from wood derived sugars by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and their application to convert bio-syngas into liquid hydrocarbons. Biomass Bioenergy 83:85–95 Yao Y, Miao S, Liu S, Ma LP, Sun H, Wang S (2012) Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption properties of magnetic Fe3O4@ graphene nanocomposite. Chem Eng J 184:326–332 Yavuz CT, Prakash A, Mayo J, Colvin VL (2009) Magnetic separations: from steel plants to biotechnology. Chem Eng Sci 64:2510–2521 Yu R, Jiang C-F, Chu W, Ran M-F, Sun W-J (2017) Decoration of CNTs’ surface by Fe3O4 nanoparticles: influence of ultrasonication time on the magnetic and structural properties. Chin Chem Lett 28:302–306 Zaitsev VS, Filimonov DS, Presnyakov IA, Gambino RJ, Chu B (1999) Physical and chemical properties of magnetite and magnetite-polymer nanoparticles and their colloidal dispersions. J Colloid Interface Sci 212:49–57 Zaman S, Zainelabdin A, Amin G, Nur O, Willander M (2011) Effect of the polymer emission on the electroluminescence characteristics of n-ZnO nanorods/p-polymer hybrid light emitting diode. Applied Physics A 104:1203–1209 Zamboulis D, Peleka EN, Lazaridis NK, Matis KA (2011) Metal ion separation and recovery from environmental sources using various flotation and sorption techniques. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 86:335–344 Zare EN, Lakouraj MM, Ramezani A (2016) Efficient sorption of Pb (II) from an aqueous solution using a poly (aniline-co-3-aminobenzoic acid)-based magnetic core–shell nanocomposite. New J Chem 40:2521–2529 Zare EN, Motahari A, Sillanpää M (2018) Nanoadsorbents based on conducting polymer nanocomposites with main focus on polyaniline and its derivatives for removal of heavy metal ions/dyes: a review. Environ Res 162:173–195 Zhang J, Wang J, Lin T, Wang CH, Ghorbani K, Fang J, Wang X (2014) Magnetic and mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites with hybrid nanofillers–graphene oxide tethered with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Chem Eng J 237:462–468 Zhang L-H, Sun Q, Liu D-H, Lu A-H (2013) Magnetic hollow carbon nanospheres for removal of chromium ions. J Mater Chem A 1:9477–9483 Zhang Y, Tang Y, Gao S, Jia D, Ma J, Liu L (2017) Sandwich-like CNT@ Fe3O4@ C coaxial nanocables with enhanced lithium-storage capability. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9:1453–1458 Zheng X, Zhou S, Xiao Y, Yu X, Li X, Wu P (2009) Shape memory effect of poly (d, l-lactide)/Fe3O4 nanocomposites by inductive heating of magnetite particles. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces 71:67–72 Zhou C, Zhu H, Wang Q, Wang J, Cheng J, Guo Y, Zhou X, Bai R (2017) Adsorption of mercury (II) with an Fe 3 O 4 magnetic polypyrrole–graphene oxide nanocomposite. RSC Adv 7:18466–18479 Zhu J, Wei S, Chen M, Gu H, Rapole SB, Pallavkar S, Ho TC, Hopper J, Guo Z (2013) Magnetic nanocomposites for environmental remediation. Adv Powder Technol 24:459–467 Zhu M, Diao G (2011) Review on the progress in synthesis and application of magnetic carbon nanocomposites. Nanoscale 3:2748–2767 Zhu X, Qian F, Liu Y, Zhang S, Chen J (2015) Environmental performances of hydrochar-derived magnetic carbon composite affected by its carbonaceous precursor. RSC Adv 5:60713–60722 Zhu Y, Zhang JC, Zhai J, Zheng YM, Feng L, Jiang L (2006) Multifunctional carbon nanofibers with conductive, magnetic and superhydrophobic properties. Chemphyschem: a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry 7:336–341