Biomechanical considerations in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis of the knee

Wiley - Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 423-435 - 2012
Heijink, Andras1, Gomoll, Andreas H.2, Madry, Henning3,4, Drobnič, Matej5, Filardo, Giuseppe6, Espregueira-Mendes, João7, Van Dijk, C. Niek1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
3Experimental Orthopaedics and Osteoarthritis Research and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
4Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
6III Clinic, Biomechanics Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
7Clínica Saúde Atlântica, Minho and Porto Universities, Porto, Portugal

Tóm tắt

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and a major cause of disability. The knee is the large joint most affected. While chronological age is the single most important risk factor of osteoarthritis, the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis in the young patient is predominantly related to an unfavorable biomechanical environment at the joint. This results in mechanical demand that exceeds the ability of a joint to repair and maintain itself, predisposing the articular cartilage to premature degeneration. This review examines the available basic science, preclinical and clinical evidence regarding several such unfavorable biomechanical conditions about the knee: malalignment, loss of meniscal tissue, cartilage defects and joint instability or laxity. Level of evidence IV.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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