Scapular movement impairments in individuals with subacromial pain syndrome based on scapular assistance test and scapula reposition test outcomes

Borsa, 2003, Scapular-positioning patterns during humeral elevation in unimpaired shoulders, J. Athl. Train., 38, 12 Borstad, 2008, Measurement of pectoralis minor muscle length: validation and clinical application, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 38, 169, 10.2519/jospt.2008.2723 Borstad, 2006, Resting position variables at the shoulder: evidence to support a posture-impairment association, Phys. Ther., 86, 549, 10.1093/ptj/86.4.549 Borstad, 2005, The effect of long versus short pectoralis minor resting length on scapular kinematics in healthy individuals, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 35, 227, 10.2519/jospt.2005.35.4.227 Celik, 2012, Intrarater reliability of assessing strength of the shoulder and scapular muscles, J. Sport Rehabil., 3, 1 Cohen, 1988 Day, 2015, Scapular muscle performance in individuals with lateral epicondylalgia, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 1 Diercks, 2014, Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of subacromial pain syndrome: a multidisciplinary review by the Dutch Orthopaedic Association, Acta Orthop., 85, 314, 10.3109/17453674.2014.920991 Hebert, 2002, Scapular behavior in shoulder impingement syndrome, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 83, 60, 10.1053/apmr.2002.27471 Hurd, 2011, The effects of anthropometric scaling parameters on normalized muscle strength in uninjured baseball pitchers, J. Sport Rehabil., 20, 311, 10.1123/jsr.20.3.311 Johnson, 2001, New method to assess scapular upward rotation in subjects with shoulder pathology, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 31, 81, 10.2519/jospt.2001.31.2.81 Kardouni, 2015, Thoracic spine manipulation in individuals with subacromial impingement syndrome does not immediately alter thoracic spine kinematics, thoracic excursion, or scapular kinematics: a randomized controlled trial, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 45, 527, 10.2519/jospt.2015.5647 Kibler, 1998, The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function, Am. J. Sports Med., 26, 325, 10.1177/03635465980260022801 Kibler, 2013, Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: the 2013 consensus statement from the 'Scapular Summit', Br. J. Sports Med., 47, 877, 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092425 Kibler, 2010, Current concepts: scapular dyskinesis, Br. J. Sports Med., 44, 300, 10.1136/bjsm.2009.058834 Kibler, 2012, Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder injury, J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg., 20, 364, 10.5435/JAAOS-20-06-364 Kolber, 2012, The reliability and concurrent validity of scapular plane shoulder elevation measurements using a digital inclinometer and goniometer, Physiother. Theor. Pract., 28, 161, 10.3109/09593985.2011.574203 Kopkow, 2015, Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights, Man. Ther., 10.1016/j.math.2015.04.012 Larsen, 2014, Measurement properties of existing clinical assessment methods evaluating scapular positioning and function. A systematic review, Physiother. Theor. Pract., 30, 453, 10.3109/09593985.2014.899414 Lawrence, 2014, Comparison of 3-dimensional shoulder complex kinematics in individuals with and without shoulder pain, part 1: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 44, 636, 10.2519/jospt.2014.5339 Lewis, 2009, Rotator cuff tendinopathy/subacromial impingement syndrome: is it time for a new method of assessment?, Br. J. Sports Med., 43, 259, 10.1136/bjsm.2008.052183 Ludewig, 2011, Shoulder impingement: biomechanical considerations in rehabilitation, Man. Ther., 16, 33, 10.1016/j.math.2010.08.004 Ludewig, 2000, Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement, Phys. Ther., 80, 276, 10.1093/ptj/80.3.276 Ludewig, 1996, Three-dimensional scapular orientation and muscle activity at selected positions of humeral elevation, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 24, 57, 10.2519/jospt.1996.24.2.57 Ludewig, 2009, The association of scapular kinematics and glenohumeral joint pathologies, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 39, 90, 10.2519/jospt.2009.2808 Lukasiewicz, 1999, Comparison of 3-dimensional scapular position and orientation between subjects with and without shoulder impingement, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 29, 574, 10.2519/jospt.1999.29.10.574 McClure, 2012, Evaluation and management of scapular dysfunction, Sports Med Arthrosc, 20, 39, 10.1097/JSA.0b013e31824716a8 McClure, 2009, A clinical method for identifying scapular dyskinesis, part 1: reliability, J. Athl. Train., 44, 160, 10.4085/1062-6050-44.2.160 McClure, 2015, Staged approach for rehabilitation classification: shoulder disorders (STAR-Shoulder), Phys. Ther., 95, 791, 10.2522/ptj.20140156 McClure, 2006, Shoulder function and 3-dimensional scapular kinematics in people with and without shoulder impingement syndrome, Phys. Ther., 86, 1075, 10.1093/ptj/86.8.1075 McClure, 2001, Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo, J. Shoulder Elbow Surg., 10, 269, 10.1067/mse.2001.112954 Michener, 2005, Scapular muscle tests in subjects with shoulder pain and functional loss: reliability and construct validity, Phys. Ther., 85, 1128, 10.1093/ptj/85.11.1128 Michener, 2009, Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of 5 physical examination tests and combination of tests for subacromial impingement, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 90, 1898, 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.015 Paine, 2013, The role of the scapula, Int. J. Sports Physical. Therap., 8, 617 Park, 2005, Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the different degrees of subacromial impingement syndrome, J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am. Vol., 87, 1446 Pluim, 2013, Scapular dyskinesis: practical applications, Br. J. Sports Med., 47, 875, 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092722 Plummer, 2017, Observational scapular dyskinesis: known-groups validity in patients with and without shoulder pain, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 47, 530, 10.2519/jospt.2017.7268 Rabin, 2018, A positive scapular assistance test is equally present in various shoulder disorders but more commonly found among patients with scapular dyskinesis, Phys. Ther. Sport: offic J Associa. Chartered Physiotherap. Sports Med., 34, 129, 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.09.008 Rabin, 2006, The intertester reliability of the scapular assistance test, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 36, 653, 10.2519/jospt.2006.2234 Ratcliffe, 2014, Is there a relationship between subacromial impingement syndrome and scapular orientation? A systematic review, Br. J. Sports Med., 48, 1251, 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092389 Ribeiro, 2020, Comparison of scapular kinematics and muscle strength between those with a positive and a negative Scapular Assistance Test, Clin. Biomech., 73, 166, 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.12.030 Scibek, 2014, Validation of a new method for assessing scapular anterior-posterior tilt, Int. J. sports physical. therap., 9, 644 Seitz, 2015, A comparison of change in 3d scapular kinematics with maximal contractions and force production with scapular muscle tests between asymptomatic overhead athletes with and without scapular dyskinesis, Int. J. Sports Phys. Therapy, 10, 309 Seitz, 2012, The scapular assistance test results in changes in scapular position and subacromial space but not rotator cuff strength in subacromial impingement, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 42, 400, 10.2519/jospt.2012.3579 Struyf, 2014, Scapulothoracic muscle activity and recruitment timing in patients with shoulder impingement symptoms and glenohumeral instability, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 24, 277, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.12.002 Struyf, 2011, Scapular positioning and movement in unimpaired shoulders, shoulder impingement syndrome, and glenohumeral instability, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 21, 352, 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01274.x Struyf, 2011, Scapular positioning in overhead athletes with and without shoulder pain: a case-control study, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 21, 809, 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01115.x Struyf, 2014, Does scapular positioning predict shoulder pain in recreational overhead athletes?, Int. J. Sports Med., 35, 75 Struyf, 2014, Clinical assessment of the scapula: a review of the literature, Br. J. Sports Med., 48, 883, 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091059 Tate, 2009, A clinical method for identifying scapular dyskinesis, part 2: validity, J. Athl. Train., 44, 165, 10.4085/1062-6050-44.2.165 Tate, 2008, Effect of the Scapula Reposition Test on shoulder impingement symptoms and elevation strength in overhead athletes, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 38, 4, 10.2519/jospt.2008.2616 Timmons, 2012, Scapular kinematics and subacromial-impingement syndrome: a meta-analysis, J. Sport Rehabil., 21, 354, 10.1123/jsr.21.4.354 Tucker, 2012, Reliability and validity of measuring scapular upward rotation using an electrical inclinometer, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 22, 419, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.02.013 Watson, 2005, Measurement of scapula upward rotation: a reliable clinical procedure, Br. J. Sports Med., 39, 599, 10.1136/bjsm.2004.013243 Willmore, 2016, Scapular dyskinesia: evolution towards a systems-based approach, Shoulder Elbow, 8, 61, 10.1177/1758573215618857 Wright, 2013, Diagnostic accuracy of scapular physical examination tests for shoulder disorders: a systematic review, Br. J. Sports Med., 47, 886, 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091573