Variation in gaze-following between two Asian colobine monkeys

Primates - Tập 58 - Trang 525-534 - 2017
Tao Chen1, Jie Gao2,3, Jingzhi Tan4,5, Ruoting Tao6, Yanjie Su1
1School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
2School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
3Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
4Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, USA
5Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, USA
6Beijing National Day School, Beijing, China

Tóm tắt

Gaze-following is a basic cognitive ability found in numerous primate and nonprimate species. However, little is known about this ability and its variation in colobine monkeys. We compared gaze-following of two Asian colobines—François’ langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) and golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Although both species live in small polygynous family units, units of the latter form multilevel societies with up to hundreds of individuals. François’ langurs (N = 15) were less sensitive to the gaze of a human experimenter than were golden snub-nosed monkeys (N = 12). We then tested the two species using two classic inhibitory control tasks—the cylinder test and the A-not-B test. We found no difference between species in inhibitory control, which called into question the nonsocial explanation for François’ langur’s weaker sensitivity to human gaze. These findings are consistent with the social intelligence hypothesis, which predicted that golden snub-nosed monkeys would outperform François’ langurs in gaze-following because of the greater size and complexity of their social groups. Furthermore, our results underscore the need for more comparative studies of cognition in colobines, which should provide valuable opportunities to test hypotheses of cognitive evolution.

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