Anti-VEGF Antibody Treatment of Glioblastoma Prolongs Survival But Results in Increased Vascular Cooption

Hosli, 1998, Malignant glioma: should chemotherapy be overthrown by experimental treatments?, Ann Oncol, 9, 589, 10.1023/A:1008267312782 Feigin, 1958, The endothelial hyperplasia of the cerebral blood vessels with brain tumors and its sarcomatous transformation, Cancer, 11, 264, 10.1002/1097-0142(195803/04)11:2<264::AID-CNCR2820110207>3.0.CO;2-D Fine, 2000, Phase II trial of the anti-angiogenic agent thalidomide in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas, J Clin Oncol, 18, 708, 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.4.708 Hanahan, 1996, Patterns and emerging mechanisms of the angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis, Cell, 86, 353, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80108-7 Takano, 1996, Concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor in the serum and tumor tissue of brain tumor patients, Cancer Res, 56, 2185 Berkman, 1993, Expression of the vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor gene in central nervous system neoplasms, J Clin Invest, 91, 153, 10.1172/JCI116165 Plate, 1992, Vascular endothelial growth factor is a potential tumour angiogenesis factor in human gliomas in vivo, Nature, 359, 845, 10.1038/359845a0 Kim, 1993, Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumour growth in vivo, Nature, 362, 841, 10.1038/362841a0 Samoto, 1995, Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its possible relation with neovascularization in human brain tumors, Cancer Res, 55, 1189 Im, 1999, Antiangiogenesis treatment for gliomas: transfer of anti-sense vascular endothelial growth factor inhibits tumor growth in vivo, Cancer Res, 59, 895 Millauer, 1996, Dominant negative inhibition of Flk-1 suppresses the growth of many tumor types in vivo, Cancer Res, 56, 1615 Saleh, 1996, Inhibition of growth of C6 glioma cells in vivo by expression of antisense vascular endothelial growth factor sequence, Cancer Res, 5, 393 Cheng, 1996, Suppression of glioblastoma angiogenicity and tumorigenicity by inhibition of endogenous expres sion of vascular endothelial growth factor, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 8502, 10.1073/pnas.93.16.8502 Olumi, 1998, A novel coculture technique demonstrates that normal human prostatic fibroblasts contribute to tumor formation of LNCaP cells by retarding cell death, Cancer Res, 58, 4525 Gladson, 1995, Cerebral microenvironment influences expression of the vitronectin gene in astrocytic tumors, J Cell Sci, 108, 947, 10.1242/jcs.108.3.947 Arap, 1998, Cancer treatment by targeted drug delivery to tumor vasculature in a mouse model, Science, 279, 377, 10.1126/science.279.5349.377 Presta, 1997, Humanization of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders, Cancer Res, 57, 4594 Westphal, 1994, Karyotype analyses of 20 human glioma cell lines, Acta Neurochir, 126, 17, 10.1007/BF01476489 Holmgren, 1995, Dormancy of micrometastases: balanced proliferation and apoptosis in the presence of angiogenesis suppression, Nat Med, 1, 149, 10.1038/nm0295-149 Parengi, 1996, Anti -angiogenic therapy of transgenic mice impairs de novo tumor growth, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 2002, 10.1073/pnas.93.5.2002 Gladson, 1996, Expression of integrin alpha V-beta 3 in small blood vessels of glioblastoma tumors, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 55, 1143, 10.1097/00005072-199611000-00005 Stewart, 1987, Quantitative study of microvessel ultrastructure in human peritumoral brain tissue, J Neurosurg, 67, 697, 10.3171/jns.1987.67.5.0697 Holash, 1999, Vessel cooption, regression, growth in tumors mediated by angiopoietins and VEGF, Science, 284, 1994, 10.1126/science.284.5422.1994 Graham, 1999, Hypoxia-mediated stimulation of carcinoma cell invasiveness via upregulation of urokinase receptor expression, Int J Cancer, 80, 617, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990209)80:4<617::AID-IJC22>3.0.CO;2-C