Calculating evaporation: resistance to factors

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology - Tập 73 - Trang 353-366 - 1995
J.S. Wallace1
1Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK

Tài liệu tham khảo

Agnew, 1991, Evaluation of a soil water balance model for the analysis of agricultural drought in the Sahel, IAHS Publ., 199, 583 Baumgartner, 1975 Bley, 1991, A risk-probability map for millet production in southwest Niger, IAHS Publ. No. 199, 571 Blyth, 1994, Using a simple SVAT scheme to describe the effect of scale on aggregation, Boundary Layer Meteorol. Brutsaert, 1982 1992 Calder, 1983, An objective assessment of soil-moisture deficit models, J. Hydrol., 60, 329, 10.1016/0022-1694(83)90030-6 Calder, 1979, Land use and upland water resources in Britain — a strategic look, Water Bull., 15, 1628, 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1979.tb01176.x Camillo, 1986, A resistance parameter for bare-soil evaporation models, Soil Sci., 141, 95, 10.1097/00010694-198602000-00001 Chanzy, 1991, Estimation de l'évaporation à partir d'informations accessibles par télédétection microonde: approches mechaniste,. semi-empirique et empirique, IAHS Publ. No. 199, 149 Charney, 1975, Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Sec., 101, 193, 10.1002/qj.49710142802 Choudhury, 1988, A four-layer model for the heat budget of homogeneous land surfaces, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 373, 10.1002/qj.49711448006 Cunnington, 1986, Simulations of the Saharan atmosphere-dependence on moisture and albedo, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Sec., 112, 971 De Bruin, 1983, A model for the Priestley-Taylor parameter, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 22, 572, 10.1175/1520-0450(1983)022<0572:AMFTPT>2.0.CO;2 Dickinson, 1988, Modelling tropical deforestation: a study of GCM landsurface parameterisations, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Sec., 114, 439, 10.1002/qj.49711448009 Dolman, 1993, A multiple-source land surface energy balance model for use in general circulation models, Agric. For. Meteorol., 65, 21, 10.1016/0168-1923(93)90036-H Doorenbos, 1977, Crop water requirements Fechter, 1991, An evaluation of the SWATRER and CERES-Millet models for southwest Niger, IAHS Publ., 199, 505 Feddes, 1978 Frère, 1979, Agrometeorological crop monitoring and forecasting Gunston, 1983, A comparison of the Priestley-Taylor and Penman methods for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration in tropical countries, Agric. Water Manage., 6, 65, 10.1016/0378-3774(83)90026-4 Kassam, 1975, Water use, energy balance and growth of Gero millet at Samaru, northern Nigeria, Agric. Meteorol., 15, 333, 10.1016/0002-1571(75)90030-8 Katerji, 1985, Determination of canopy resistance to water vapour and its various components: theoretical approach and experimental verification, Agric. For. Meteorol., 34, 105, 10.1016/0168-1923(85)90012-7 Lafleur, 1990, Application of an energy combination model for evaporation from sparse canopies, Agric. For. Meteorol., 49, 135, 10.1016/0168-1923(90)90047-A Lascano, 1991, Review of models for predicting soil water balance, IAHS Publ., 199, 443 Lascano, 1987, Energy and water balance of a sparse crop: simulated and measured soil and crop evaporation, Soil Sci. Sec. Am. J., 1113–1121 McNaughton, 1986, A mixed layer model for regional evaporation, Boundary Layer Metcorol., 34, 243, 10.1007/BF00122381 Monteith, 1965, Evaporation and environment, 205 Monteith, 1973 Monteith, 1981, Evaporation and surface temperature, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 107, 1, 10.1256/smsqj.45101 Penman, 1948, Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass, 193, 120 Penman, 1949, The dependence of transpiration on weather and soil conditions, J. Soil. Sci., 1, 74, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1950.tb00720.x Priestley, 1972, On the assessment of surface space heat flux and evaporation using large scale porometers, Mon. Weather Rev., 106, 81, 10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100<0081:OTAOSH>2.3.CO;2 Ritchie, 1972, Model for predicting evaporation from a row crop with incomplete cover, Water Resour. Res., 8, 1204, 10.1029/WR008i005p01204 Rutter, 1971, A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests: 1. Derivation of the model from observations in a plantation of Corsican Pine, Agric. Meteorol., 9, 367, 10.1016/0002-1571(71)90034-3 Rutter, 1975, A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests 11. Generalization of the model and comparison with observations in some coniferous and hardwood stands, J. Appl. Ecol., 12, 367, 10.2307/2401739 Shu Fen Sun, 1982, Moisture and heat transport in a soil layer forced by atmospheric conditions Shukla, 1990, Amazon deforestation and climate change, Science, 247, 1322, 10.1126/science.247.4948.1322 Shuttleworth, 1975, The concept of intrinsic surface resistance: energy budgets at a partially wet surface, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 8, 81, 10.1007/BF02579393 Shuttleworth, 1978, A simplified one-dimensional theoretical description of the vegetation-atmosphere interaction, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 14, 3, 10.1007/BF00123986 Shuttleworth, 1991, Evaporation models in hydrology Shuttleworth, 1993, Evaporation Shuttleworth, 1990, The theoretical relationship between foliage temperature and canopy resistance in sparse crops, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 116, 497, 10.1002/qj.49711649213 Shuttleworth, 1985, Evaporation from sparse crops—an energy combination theory, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 111, 839, 10.1256/smsqj.46909 Sivakumar, 1991, Soil water balance in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: need, relevance and objectives of the workshop, IAHS Publ., 199, 3 Smith, 1988, Inferring stomatal resistance of sparse crops from infrared measurements of foliage temperature, Agric. For. Meteorol., 42, 183, 10.1016/0168-1923(88)90076-7 Stewart, 1973, Energy budgets in pine forest, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 99, 154, 10.1002/qj.49709941913 Wallace, 1984, A comparison of methods for estimating aerodynamic resistance of heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) in the field, Agric. For. Meteorol., 32, 289, 10.1016/0168-1923(84)90055-8 Wallace, 1986, Measurement and prediction of actual evaporation from sparse dryland crops—scientific report on Phase II of ODA Project 149, ODA Rep. OD 149/3 Wallace, 1990, The estimation of transpiration from sparse dryland millet using stomatal conductance and vegetation area indices, Agric. For. Met., 51, 35, 10.1016/0168-1923(90)90040-D Wallace, 1993, Measurements of soil, plant and total evaporation from millet in Niger, Agric. For. Meteorol., 63, 149, 10.1016/0168-1923(93)90058-P Xue, 1990, Investigation of biogeophysical feedback on the African climate using a two-dimensional model, J. Climate, 3, 337, 10.1175/1520-0442(1990)003<0337:IOBFOT>2.0.CO;2