Polydipsia in rhesus monkeys deficient in omega-3 fatty acids

Alling, 1974, The effect of different dietary levels of essential fatty acids on lipids of rat cerebrum during maturation, J. Neurochem., 23, 1263, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb12226.x Anderson, 1989, Rapid modulation of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acid levels in the brain and retina of the newly hatched chick, J. Lipid Res., 30, 433, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38358-9 Anding, 1986, Effects of dietary linolenate on the fatty acid composition of brain lipids in rats, Lipids, 21, 697, 10.1007/BF02537243 Aveldano, 1983, Molecular species of phosphatidylcholine, nolamine, -serine, and -inositol in microsomal and photoreceptor membranes of bovine retina, J. Lipid Res., 24, 620, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)37967-0 Bazan, 1986, Metabolism of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in the retina, Prog. Lipid Res., 25, 595, 10.1016/0163-7827(86)90122-0 Bourre, 1984, Alterations in the fatty acid composition of rat brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes) and of subcellular fractions (myelin and synaptosomes) induced by a diet devoid of n-3 fatty acids, J. Neurochem., 43, 342, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00906.x Breckenridge, 1973, Adult rat brain synaptic vesicles. II. Lipid composition, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 320, 681, 10.1016/0304-4165(73)90148-7 Brenner, 1984, Effect of unsaturated acids on membrane structure and enzyme kinetics, Prog. Lipid Res., 23, 69, 10.1016/0163-7827(84)90008-0 Burr, 1929, A new deficiency disease produced by the rigid exclusion of fat from the diet, J. Biol. Chem., 82, 345, 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)78281-5 Burr, 1930, On the nature and role of the fatty acids essential in nutrition, J. Biol. Chem., 86, 587, 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)78929-5 Connor, 1984, Dietary deprivation of linolenic acid in rhesus monkeys: Effects on plasma and tissue fatty acid composition and on visual function, Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians, 97, 1 Connor, 1990, Dietary effects upon brain fatty acid composition: The reversibility of n-3 fatty acid deficiency and turnover of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain, erythrocytes, and plasma of rhesus monkeys, J. Lipid Res., 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)43209-2 Conroy, 1986, The effects of dietary (n-3) fatty acid supplementation on lipid dynamics and composition in rat lymphocytes and liver microsomes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 861, 457, 10.1016/0005-2736(86)90454-2 Cotman, 1969, Lipid composition of synaptic plasma membranes isolated from rat brain by zonal centrifugation, Biochemistry, 8, 4606, 10.1021/bi00839a056 Crawford, 1976, The long chain metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids in liver and brain in herbivores and carnivores, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 54B, 395 Crawford, 1977, Metabolism of essential fatty acids in the human fetus and neonate, Nutr. Metab., 21, 187, 10.1159/000176156 Dantzer, 1988, Schedule-induced polydipsia experience decreases plasma corticosterone levels but increases plasma prolactin levels, Physiol. Behav., 43, 275, 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90187-4 Dantzer, 1988, The propensity for schedule-induced polydipsia is related to differences in conditioned avoidance behaviour and in defense reactions in a defeat test, Physiol. Behav., 43, 269, 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90186-2 Davidson, 1988, Essential fatty acids modulate apomorphine activity at dopamine receptors in cat caudate slices, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 149, 317, 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90662-0 Dratz, 1987, Studies of the essential role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 22:6ω-3, in visual excitation, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 28, 96 Elliott, 1985, Physiologic effects of columbinic acid and its metabolites on rat skin, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 835, 158, 10.1016/0005-2760(85)90043-8 Feldmahn, 1960, Diurnal patterns of micturition and drinking in rhesus monkeys, Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 85, 828, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1960.tb50006.x Foot, 1983, Effect of dietary lipid on synaptosomal acetylcholinesterase activity, Biochem. J., 211, 507, 10.1042/bj2110507 Fregly, 1988, Augmentation of isoproterenol-induced drinking by acute treatment with certain dopaminergic agonists, Physiol. Behav., 44, 473, 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90308-3 Futterman, 1971, Effect of dssential fatty acid deficiency on the fatty acid composition, morphology, and electroretinographic response of the retina, Invest. Opthalmol., 10, 151 Galli, 1971, Effects of dietary fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of brain ethanolamine phosphoglyceride: Reciprocal replacement of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 248, 449, 10.1016/0005-2760(71)90233-5 Galli, 1974, The (n-6) pentaene: (n-3) hexaene fatty acid ratio as an index of linolenic acid deficiency, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 369, 142, 10.1016/0005-2760(74)90247-1 Gillette-Bellingham, 1986, Effects of scheduled food and water deprivation on food intake, water intake and body weight of cage-adapted and cage-naive rats, Appetite, 7, 19, 10.1016/S0195-6663(86)80039-3 Granstrom, 1987, Biochemistry of the eicosanoids: Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 59 Hadjiagapiou, 1986, Eicosapentaenoic acid utilization by bovine aortic endothelial cells: effects on prostacyclin production, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 875, 369, 10.1016/0005-2760(86)90188-8 Hadjiagapiou, 1987, Docosahexaenoic acid metabolism and effect on prostacyclin production in endothelial cells, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 253, 1, 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90631-X Hansen, 1983, Dietary essential fatty acids and in vivo prostaglandin production in mammals, World Rev. Nutr. Diet., 42, 102, 10.1159/000408352 Holman, 1968, Essential fatty acid deficiency, Prog. Chem. Fat Lipids, 9, 275, 10.1016/0079-6832(71)90030-9 Holman, 1986, Nutritional and biochemical evidence of acyl interaction with respect to essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, Prog. Lipid Res., 25, 29, 10.1016/0163-7827(86)90008-1 Houtsmuller, 1975, Specific biological effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 331 Hu, 1988, Protein fatty acylation: a novel mechanism for association of proteins with membranes and its role in transmembrane regulatory pathways, BioFactors, 1, 219 Lamptey, 1976, A possible essential role for dietary linolenic acid in the development of the young rat, J. Nutr., 106, 86, 10.1093/jn/106.1.86 Lands, 1986, Renewed questions about polyunsaturated fatty acids, Nutr. Rev., 44, 189, 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1986.tb07625.x Leaf, 1988, Cardiovascular effects of n-3 fatty acids, N. Engl. J. Med., 318, 549, 10.1056/NEJM198803033180905 Marshall, 1982, Modulation of tissue prostaglandin synthesizing capacity by increased ratios of dietary alpha-linolenic acid to linoleic acid, Lipids, 17, 905, 10.1007/BF02534586 Miller, 1971, Patterns of eating and drinking in socially-isolated rhesus monkeys, Physiol. Behav., 7, 127, 10.1016/0031-9384(71)90272-1 Mohrhauer, 1963, Alteration of the fatty acid composition of brain lipids by varying levels of dietary essential fatty acids, J. Neurochem., 10, 523, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1963.tb09855.x Morrison, 1964, Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride-methanol, J. Lipid Res., 5, 600, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40190-7 Neuringer, 1984, Dietary omega-3 fatty acid deficiency and visual loss in infant rhesus monkeys, J. Clin. Invest., 73, 272, 10.1172/JCI111202 Neuringer, 1986, Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal n-3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys, 83, 4021 Neuringer, 1988, The essentiality of n-3 fatty acids for the development and function of the retina and brain, Annu. Rev. Nutr., 8, 517, 10.1146/annurev.nu.08.070188.002505 O'Brien, 1965, Fatty acid and fatty aldehyde composition of the major brain lipids in normal human gray matter, white matter and myelin, J. Lipid Res., 6, 545, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)39620-6 Okuyama, 1987, Re-evaluation of the essentiality of alpha-linolenic acid in rats, 296 Paoletti, 1972, Effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the central nervous system in the growing rat, 121 Porcellati, 1963, Metabolism of phosphoglycerides, Handbook Neurochem., 3, 133 Portman, 1967, Nutritional control of arterial lipid composition in squirrel monkeys: Major ester classes and types of phospholipids, J. Nutr., 91, 35, 10.1093/jn/91.1.35 Reisbick, 1989, Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency increases water intake, Fed. Am. Soc. Biol. J., 3, A949 Rose, 1965, Improved procedure for the extraction of lipids from human erythrocytes, J. Lipid Res., 6, 428, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)39314-7 Spector, 1988, Lipid and lipoprotein effects on endothelial eicosanoid formation, Semin. Thromb. Hemost., 14, 196, 10.1055/s-2007-1002776 Sprecher, 1986, The metabolism of (n-3) and (n-6) fatty acids and their oxygenation by platelet cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, Prog. Lipid Res., 25, 19, 10.1016/0163-7827(86)90007-X Sterner, 1985, Stimulation of the Ca2+-dependent polymerization of synexin by cis-unsaturated fatty acids, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 132, 505, 10.1016/0006-291X(85)91162-3 Stubbs, 1984, The modification of mammalian membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in relation to membrane fluidity and function, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 779, 89, 10.1016/0304-4157(84)90005-4 Sun, 1983, Enzymes of lipid metabolism, Handbook Neurochem., 4, 367, 10.1007/978-1-4899-1881-9_15 Svennerholm, 1968, Distribution and fatty acid composition of phosphoglycerides in normal human brain, J. Lipid Res., 9, 570, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)42702-6 Svennerholm, 1972, Effects on offspring of maternal malnutrition in the rat, 141 Tazi, 1988, Schedule-induced polydipsia experience decreases locomotor response to amphetamine, Brain Res., 445, 211, 10.1016/0006-8993(88)91180-8 Tikal, 1987, Effect of beta-sympathotropic agents on water intake under stress: hunger and a new environment, Activ. Nerv. Super., 29, 168 Tinoco, 1971, Evidence for nonessentiality of linolenic acid in the diet of the rat, J. Nutr., 101, 937, 10.1093/jn/101.7.937 Tinoco, 1978, Linolenic acid deficiency: Changes in fatty acid patterns in female and male rats raised on a linolenic acid-deficient diet for two generations, Lipids, 13, 6, 10.1007/BF02533360 Tinoco, 1982, Dietary requirements and functions of alpha-linolenic acid in animals, Prog. Lipid Res., 21, 1, 10.1016/0163-7827(82)90015-7 Vaswani, 1983, Stress induced differential intake of various diets and water by rat: The role of the opiate system, Life Sci., 32, 1983, 10.1016/0024-3205(83)90050-4 Wheeler, 1975, Visual membranes: Specificity of fatty acid precursors for the electrical response to illumination, Science, 188, 1312, 10.1126/science.1145197 Yamamoto, 1988, Effects of the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. II. Discrimination process, extinction process and glycolipid compositions, J. Lipid Res., 29, 1013, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38463-7 Yamamoto, 1987, Effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid composition and learning ability of rats, J. Lipid Res., 28, 143, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38713-7 Yeh, 1986, Possible mechanisms for increased beta-adrenergic dipsogenic response in food-deprived rats, Am. J. Physiol., 251, R1170