Sexual dysfunction and infertility as late effects of cancer treatment

American Cancer Society, 2012 Sadovsky, 2010, Cancer and sexual problems, J Sex Med, 7, 349, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01620.x Rowland, 2013, Cancer survivorship research in Europe and the United States: where have we been, where are we going, and what can we learn from each other?, Cancer, Suppl. 119, 2094, 10.1002/cncr.28060 Hall, 2012, Young adult cancer survivors’ psychosocial well-being: a cross-sectional study assessing quality of life, unmet needs, and health behaviors, Support Care Cancer, 20, 1333, 10.1007/s00520-011-1221-x Li, 2013, Interpreting differences in patterns of supportive care needs between patients with breast cancer and patients with colorectal cancer, Psychooncology, 22, 792, 10.1002/pon.3068 McCallum, 2012, Sexual health and gynecological cancer: conceptualizing patient needs and overcoming barriers to seeking and accessing services, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 33, 135, 10.3109/0167482X.2012.709291 Knight, 2009, Sexual side effects and prostate cancer treatment decisions: patient information needs and preferences, Cancer J, 15, 41, 10.1097/PPO.0b013e31819764cc Reese, 2011, Sexual concerns in lung cancer patients: an examination of predictors and moderating effects of age and gender, Support Care Cancer, 19, 161, 10.1007/s00520-010-1000-0 Steinsvik, 2012, Can sexual bother after radical prostatectomy be predicted preoperatively? Findings from a prospective national study of the relation between sexual function, activity and bother, BJU Int, 109, 1366, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10598.x van Londen GJ, Beckjord EB, Dew MA, Cooper KL, Davidson NE, Bovbjerg DH et al. Associations between adjuvant endocrine therapy and onset of physical and emotional concerns among breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2013, November 24 [Epublication ahead of print]. Milbury, 2013, The association between psychosocial and medical factors with long-term sexual dysfunction after treatment for colorectal cancer, Support Care Cancer, 21, 793, 10.1007/s00520-012-1582-9 Puts, 2012, A systematic review of unmet needs of newly diagnosed older cancer patients undergoing active cancer treatment, Support Care Cancer, 20, 1377, 10.1007/s00520-012-1450-7 Baumgart, 2013, Sexual dysfunction in women on adjuvant endocrine therapy after breast cancer, Menopause, 20, 162, 10.1097/GME.0b013e31826560da Den Oudsten, 2012, Higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction in colon and rectal cancer survivors compared with the normative population: a population-based study, Eur J Cancer, 48, 3161, 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.04.004 Froeding LP, Ottosen C, Rung-Hansen H, Svane D, Mosgaard BJ, Jensen PT. Sexual functioning and vaginal changes after radical vaginal trachelectomy in early stage cervical cancer patients: a longitudinal study. J Sex Med 2013, November 29 [Epublication ahead of print]. Hedgepeth, 2010, Body image and bladder cancer specific quality of life in patients with ileal conduit and neobladder urinary diversions, Urology, 76, 671, 10.1016/j.urology.2010.01.087 Kyrdalen, 2013, A national study of adverse effects and global quality of life among candidates for curative treatment for prostate cancer, BJU Int, 111, 221, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11198.x Le Borgne, 2013, Quality of life in long-term cervical cancer survivors: a population-based study, Gynecol Oncol, 129, 222, 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.12.033 Lind, 2011, Late symptoms in long-term gynaecological cancer survivors after radiation therapy: a population-based cohort study, Br J Cancer, 104, 737, 10.1038/bjc.2011.315 Resnick, 2013, Long-term functional outcomes after treatment for localized prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 368, 436, 10.1056/NEJMoa1209978 Lindau, 2011, Communication about sexuality and intimacy in couples affected by lung cancer and their clinical-care providers, Psychooncology, 20, 179, 10.1002/pon.1787 Thygesen, 2012, The impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on sexuality: a systematic review of the literature, Bone Marrow Transplant, 47, 716, 10.1038/bmt.2011.169 Henry M, Habib LA, Morrison M, Yang JW, Li XJ, Lin S et al. Head and neck cancer patients want us to support them psychologically in the posttreatment period: Survey results. Palliat Support Care 2013, October 24 [Epublication ahead of print]. Bober, 2013, Sexual function in childhood cancer survivors: a report from Project REACH, J Sex Med, 10, 2084, 10.1111/jsm.12193 Zebrack, 2010, Sexual functioning in young adult survivors of childhood cancer, Psychooncology, 198, 814, 10.1002/pon.1641 Strasser, 2006, The impact of hypogonadism and autonomic dysfunction on fatigue, emotional function, and sexual desire in male patients with advanced cancer: a pilot study, Cancer, 107, 2949, 10.1002/cncr.22339 Dunberger, 2010, Self-reported symptoms of faecal incontinence among long-term gynaecological cancer survivors and population-based controls, Eur J Cancer, 46, 606, 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.023 Tekkis, 2009, Measuring sexual and urinary outcomes in women after rectal cancer excision, Dis Colon Rectum, 52, 46, 10.1007/DCR.0b013e318197551e Frey AU, Sønksen J, Fode M. Neglected side effects after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review. J Sex Med 2013, November 25 [Epublication ahead of print]. Barnas, 2004, The prevalence and nature of orgasmic dysfunction after radical prostatectomy, BJU Int, 94, 603, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2004.05009.x Dalkin, 2008, Potent men undergoing radical prostatectomy: a prospective study measuring sexual health outcomes and the impact of erectile dysfunction treatments, Urol Oncol, 26, 281, 10.1016/j.urolonc.2007.02.012 Kimura, 2011, Factors predicting early and late phase decline of sexual health related quality of life following radical prostatectomy, J Sex Med, 8, 2935, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02387.x Nelson, 2013, Back to baseline: erectile function recovery after radical prostatectomy from the patients’ perspective, J Sex Med, 6, 1636, 10.1111/jsm.12135 Budäus, 2012, Functional outcomes and complications following radiation therapy for prostate cancer: a critical analysis of the literature, Eur Urol, 61, 112, 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.09.027 Lilleby, 2013, Intensity-modulated radiotherapy to the pelvis and androgen deprivation in men with locally advanced prostate cancer: a study of adverse effects and their relation to quality of life, Prostate, 73, 1038, 10.1002/pros.22651 Sheets, 2012, Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, proton therapy, or conformal radiation therapy and morbidity and disease control in localized prostate cancer, JAMA, 18, 1611 Bekelman, 2011, Outcomes after intensity-modulated versus conformal radiotherapy in older men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 81, e325, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.02.006 Whaley, 2012, Sexual function and the use of medical devices or drugs to optimize potency after prostate brachytherapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 82, e765, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.004 Incrocci, 2013, Pelvic radiotherapy and sexual function in men and women, J Sex Med, 10, 53, 10.1111/jsm.12010 Johansson, 2011, Long-term quality-of-life outcomes after radical prostatectomy or watchful waiting: the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-4 randomised trial, Lancet Oncol, 12, 891, 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70162-0 Taylor, 2012, Long-term disease-specific functioning among prostate cancer survivors and noncancer controls in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial, J Clin Oncol, 30, 2768, 10.1200/JCO.2011.41.2767 Mohamed NE, Chaoprang Herrera P, Hudson S, Revenson TA, Lee CT, Quale DZ et al. Muscle invasive bladder cancer: examining survivors’ burden and unmet needs. J Urol 2013, July 30 [Epublication ahead of print] PMID: 23911603. Traa MJ, De Vries J, Roukema JA, Rutten HJ, Den Oudsten BL. The sexual health care needs after colorectal cancer: the view of patients, partners, and health care professionals. Support Care Cancer 2013, November 18 [Epublication ahead of print]. Bentzen, 2013, Impaired health-related quality of life after chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer: late effects in a national cohort of 128 survivors, Acta Oncol, 52, 736, 10.3109/0284186X.2013.770599 Kiserud, 2009, Do male lymphoma survivors have impaired sexual function?, J Clin Oncol, 27, 6019, 10.1200/JCO.2009.23.2280 Aksoy, 2008, Erectile dysfunction in successfully treated lymphoma, Support Care Cancer, 16, 291, 10.1007/s00520-007-0307-y Yau, 2009, Risk of hypogonadism from scatter radiation during pelvic radiation in male patients with rectal cancer, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 74, 1481, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.10.011 Herman, 2013, The quality-of-life effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 85, e15, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.09.006 Tal, 2013, Erectile dysfunction in men treated for testicular cancer, BJU Int Willemse, 2013, Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in chemotherapy-treated testicular germ cell tumour survivors, Br J Cancer, 109, 60, 10.1038/bjc.2013.226 Recklitis, 2010, Sanchez Varela V, Ng A, Mauch P, Bober S. Sexual functioning in long-term survivors of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Psychooncology, 19, 1229, 10.1002/pon.1679 Mulhall, 2013, Standard operating procedure for the preservation of erectile function outcomes after radical prostatectomy, J Sex Med, 10, 195, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02885.x Schover, 2008, Premature ovarian failure and its consequences: vasomotor symptoms, sexuality, and fertility, J Clin Oncol, 26, 753, 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.1655 Finch, 2012, BRCA carriers, prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy and menopause: clinical management considerations and recommendations, Womens Health (Lond Engl)., 8, 543, 10.2217/whe.12.41 Bober, 2013, Psychosexual functioning and body image following a diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ, J Sex Med, 10, 370, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02852.x Ochsenkühn, 2011, Menopausal status in breast cancer patients with past chemotherapy determines long-term hypoactive sexual desire disorder, J Sex Med, 8, 1486, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02220.x Provencher, 2010, Quality of life and tumor control after short split-course chemoradiation for anal canal carcinoma, Radiation Oncol, 5, 41, 10.1186/1748-717X-5-41 Hirsch, 2012, Female genital chronic graft-versus-host disease: importance of early diagnosis to avoid severe complications, Transplantation, 93, 1265, 10.1097/TP.0b013e31824f3dcd Carr, 2011, Communication about sexuality and cancer, 307 Fitch, 2013, Challenges having conversations about sexuality in ambulatory settings: part II–health care provider perspectives, Can Oncol Nurs J, 23, 182, 10.5737/1181912x233182188 Hordern, 2007, Constructions of sexuality and intimacy after cancer: patient and health professional perspectives, Soc Sci Med, 64, 1704, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.12.012 Flynn, 2012, Patient experiences with communication about sex during and after treatment for cancer, Psychooncology, 21, 594, 10.1002/pon.1947 Ussher, 2013, Talking about sex after cancer: a discourse analytic study of health care professional accounts of sexual communication with patients, Psychol Health, 28, 1370, 10.1080/08870446.2013.811242 Julien, 2010, Identification of barriers to sexual health assessment in oncology nursing practice, Oncol Nursing Forum, 37, E186, 10.1188/10.ONF.E186-E190 Takahashi, 2006, Attitudes and practices of breast cancer consultations regarding sexual issues: a nationwide survey of Japanese surgeons, J Clin Oncol, 24, 5763, 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.9146 Platano, 2008, Psychosocial factors and therapeutic approaches in the context of sexual history taking in men: a study conducted among Swiss general practitioners and urologists, J Sex Med, 5, 2533, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00973.x Parish, 2007, Sexual medicine education: review and commentary, J Sex Med, 4, 259, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00430.x Zeng, 2011, Chinese nurses’ attitudes and beliefs toward sexuality care in cancer patients, Cancer Nurs, 34, E14, 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181f04b02 Flynn, 2011, Sexual functioning along the cancer continuum: focus group results from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®), Psychooncology, 20, 378, 10.1002/pon.1738 de Vocht, 2011, Stepped skills: A team approach towards communication about sexuality and intimacy in cancer and palliative care, Austral Med J, 4, 610, 10.4066/AMJ.2011.1047 Dyer K, das Nair R. Why don’t healthcare professionals talk about sex? A systematic review of recent qualitative studies conducted in the United Kingdom. J Sex Med 2012, July 30 [Epublication ahead of print]. Forbat, 2012, Discussing the sexual consequences of treatment in radiotherapy and urology consultations with couples affected by prostate cancer, BJU Int, 109, 98, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10257.x Reese, 2010, Coping with sexual concerns after cancer: the use of flexible coping, Support Care Cancer, 18, 785, 10.1007/s00520-010-0819-8 Thompson, 2013, An exploratory study of oncology specialists’ understanding of the preferences of young people living with cancer, Soc Work in Health Care, 52, 166, 10.1080/00981389.2012.737898 White, 2013, The re-construction of women’s sexual lives after pelvic radiotherapy: a critique of social constructionist and biomedical perspectives on the study of female sexuality after cancer treatment, Soc Sci Med, 76, 186, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.10.025 Nicolai, 2013, Discussing sexual function in the cardiology practice, Clin Res Cardiol, 102, 329, 10.1007/s00392-013-0549-2 Lamont, 2012, Female sexual health consensus clinical guidelines, J Obstet Gynaecol Can, 34, 769, 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35341-5 Sobecki, 2012, What we don’t talk about when we don’t talk about sex: results of a national survey of U.S. obstetrician/gynecologists, J Sex Med, 9, 1285, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02702.x Abdolrasulnia, 2010, Management of female sexual problems: perceived barriers, practice patterns, and confidence among primary care physicians and gynecologists, J Sex Med, 7, 2499, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01857.x Jiwa, 2010, Psychosexual problems in general practice: measuring consultation competence using two different measures, Qual Prim Care, 18, 243 Miller, 2012, Practicing psychologists’ sexual intervention self-efficacy and willingness to treat sexual issues, Arch Sex Behav, 41, 1041, 10.1007/s10508-011-9877-3 Ghanem, 2008, An evidence-based perspective to commonly performed erectile dysfunction investigations, J Sex Med, 5, 1582, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00665.x Latif, 2013, Arriving at the diagnosis of female sexual dysfunction, Fertil Steril, 100, 898, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.006 Althof, 2013, Clinical interviewing techniques and sexuality questionnaires for male and female cancer patients, J Sex Med, 10, 35, 10.1111/jsm.12035 Chipman, 2014, Measuring and predicting prostate cancer related quality of life changes using EPIC for clinical practice, J Urol, 191, 638, 10.1016/j.juro.2013.09.040 Baser, 2012, Psychometric validation of the female sexual function index (FSFI) in cancer survivors, Cancer, 118, 4606, 10.1002/cncr.26739 Flynn, 2013, Development of the NIH PROMIS® sexual function and satisfaction measures in patients with cancer, J Sex Med, 10, 43, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02995.x Hill, 2011, Assessing gynecologic and breast cancer survivors’ sexual health care needs, Cancer, 117, 2643, 10.1002/cncr.25832 Huyghe, 2009, Needs assessment survey to justify establishing a reproductive health clinic at a comprehensive cancer center, J Sex Med, 6, 149, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01005.x Schover, 2002, The use of treatments for erectile dysfunction among survivors of prostate carcinoma, Cancer, 95, 2397, 10.1002/cncr.10970 Prasad, 2010, Utilization of pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction following treatment for prostate cancer, J Sex Med, 7, 1062, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01644.x Holm, 2012, Participation in cancer rehabilitation and unmet needs: a population-based cohort study, Support Care Cancer, 20, 2913, 10.1007/s00520-012-1420-0 Park, 2012, Unmet needs and their relationship with quality of life among women with recurrent breast cancer, J Breast Cancer, 15, 454, 10.4048/jbc.2012.15.4.454 Adams E, Boulton MG, Horne A, Rose PW, Durrant L, Collingwood M et al. The effects of pelvic radiotherapy on cancer survivors: symptom profile, psychological morbidity and quality of life. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2013, August 28 [Epublication ahead of print]. Hansen, 2013, Association between unmet needs and quality of life of cancer patients: a population-based study, Acta Oncol, 52, 391, 10.3109/0284186X.2012.742204 Juraskova, 2012, Quantity vs. quality: an exploration of the predictors of posttreatment sexual adjustment for women affected by early stage cervical and endometrial cancer, J Sex Med, 9, 2952, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02860.x Schover, 2012, A randomized trial of internet-based versus traditional sexual counseling for couples after localized prostate cancer treatment, Cancer, 118, 500, 10.1002/cncr.26308 Perz, 2013, Constructions of sex and intimacy after cancer: Q methodology study of people with cancer, their partners, and health professionals, BMC Cancer, 13, 270, 10.1186/1471-2407-13-270 Beck, 2013, Sexual values as the key to maintaining satisfying sex after prostate cancer treatment: the physical pleasure—relational intimacy model of sexual motivation, Arch Sex Behav, 42, 1637, 10.1007/s10508-013-0168-z Gilbert, 2010, Renegotiating sexuality and intimacy in the context of cancer: the experiences of carers, Arch Sex Behav, 39, 998, 10.1007/s10508-008-9416-z Carter, 2011, Simple strategies for vaginal health promotion in cancer survivors, J Sex Med, 8, 549, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01988.x Salonia, 2008, Acceptance of and discontinuation rate from erectile dysfunction oral treatment in patients following bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, Eur Urol, 53, 564, 10.1016/j.eururo.2007.08.016 Bergman, 2009, Erectile aid use by men treated for localized prostate cancer, J Urol, 182, 649, 10.1016/j.juro.2009.04.001 Stephenson, 2005, Treatment of erectile dysfunction following therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer: patient reported use and outcomes from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results prostate cancer outcomes study, J Urol, 174, 646, 10.1097/01.ju.0000165342.85300.14 Mulhall, 2013, A phase 3, placebo controlled study of the safety and efficacy of avanafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction after nerve sparing radical prostatectomy, J Urol, 189, 2229, 10.1016/j.juro.2012.11.177 Carvalheira, 2012, Dropout in the treatment of erectile dysfunction with PDE5: a study on predictors and a qualitative analysis of reasons for discontinuation, J Sex Med, 9, 2361, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02787.x Conaglen, 2012, Couples’ reasons for adherence to, or discontinuation of, PDE type 5 inhibitors for men with erectile dysfunction at 12 to 24-month follow-up after a 6-month free trial, J Sex Med, 9, 857, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02625.x Derouet, 1999, Treatment of erectile dysfunction with external vacuum devices, Andrologia, 31, 85 Dutta, 1999, Vacuum constriction devices for erectile dysfunction: a long-term, prospective study of patients with mild, moderate, and severe dysfunction, Urology, 54, 691, 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)00264-2 Tal, 2011, Penile implant utilization following treatment for prostate cancer: analysis of the SEER-Medicare database, J Sex Med, 8, 1797, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02240.x Brand, 2012, Can an educational intervention improve compliance with vaginal dilator use in patients treated with radiation for a gynecological malignancy?, Int J Gynecol Cancer, 22, 897, 10.1097/IGC.0b013e31824d7243 Cullen, 2012, From, “sex toy” to intrusive imposition: a qualitative examination of women’s experiences with vaginal dilator use following treatment for gynecological cancer, J Sex Med, 9, 1162, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02639.x Kao, 2012, Biopsychosocial predictors of postmenopausal dyspareunia: the role of steroid hormones, vulvovaginal atrophy, cognitive–emotional factors, and dyadic adjustment, J Sex Med, 9, 2066, 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02771.x Stute, 2013, Is vaginal hyaluronic acid as effective as vaginal estriol for vaginal dryness relief?, Arch Gynecol Obstet, 288, 1199, 10.1007/s00404-013-3068-5 Coste, 2012, Safety and efficacy of an intravaginal prebiotic gel in the prevention of recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a randomized double-blind study, Obstet Gynecol Int, 2012, 147867, 10.1155/2012/147867 Cui Y, Zong H, Yan H, Li N, Zhang Y. The efficacy and safety of ospemifene in treating dyspareunia associated with postmenopausal vulvar and vaginal atrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sex Med 2013, November 20 [Epublication ahead of print]. Pinkerton JV, Stanczyk FZ. Clinical effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators on vulvar and vaginal atrophy. Menopause 2013, June 18 [Epublication ahead of print]. Schover, 2013, Efficacy trial of an internet-based intervention for cancer-related female sexual dysfunction, J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 11, 1389, 10.6004/jnccn.2013.0162 Giesler, 2005, Improving the quality of life of patients with prostate carcinoma: a randomized trial testing the efficacy of a nurse-driven intervention, Cancer, 104, 752, 10.1002/cncr.21231 Weinrich, 2012, Internet interventions for improving psychological well-being in psycho-oncology: review and recommendations, Psychooncology, 21, 1016, 10.1002/pon.1993 Coker, 2012, Association of intimate partner violence and childhood sexual abuse with cancer-related well-being in women, J Womens Health (Larchmt), 21, 1180, 10.1089/jwh.2012.3708 International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2012. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr; 2012 [cited 1 February 2014]. Salonia, 2013, Sperm banking is of key importance in patients with prostate cancer, Fertil Steril, 100, 367, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.049 Bujan, 2013, Impact of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for testicular germ cell tumors on spermatogenesis and sperm DNA: a multicenter prospective study from the CECOS network, Fertil Steril, 100, 673, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.05.018 Eisenberg, 2013, Increased risk of cancer among azoospermic men, Fertil Steril, 100, 681, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.05.022 Schüler, 2013, Ovarian epithelial tumors and reproductive factors: a systematic review, Arch Gynecol Obstet, 2871187 Anderson KN, Schwab RB, Martinez ME. Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer subtypes: a review of the literature. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print]. Tea, 2013, Association of BRCA1/2 mutations with FMR1 genotypes: effects on menarcheal and menopausal age, Maturitas., 75, 148, 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.03.002 Gracia, 2012, Impact of cancer therapies on ovarian reserve, Fertil Steril, 97, 134, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.10.040 Meistrich, 2013, Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on spermatogenesis in humans, Fertil Steril, 100, 1180, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.010 Roness, 2013, Ovarian follicle burnout: a universal phenomenon?, Cell Cycle, 12, 3245, 10.4161/cc.26358 Hyman, 2013, Fertility preservation options after gonadotoxic chemotherapy, Clin Med Insights Reprod Health, 7, 61, 10.4137/CMRH.S10848 Anderson, 2013, Pretreatment anti-Müllerian hormone predicts for loss of ovarian function after chemotherapy for early breast cancer, Eur J Cancer, 49, 3404, 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.07.014 Dewailly D, Andersen CY, Balen A, Broekmans F, Dilaver N, Fanchin R et al. The physiology and clinical utility of anti-Mullerian hormone in women. Hum Reprod Update 2014, Jan 29 [Epub ahead of print]. Rustamov, 2012, Anti-Mullerian hormone: poor assay reproducibility in a large cohort of subjects suggests sample instability, Hum Reprod, 27, 3085, 10.1093/humrep/des260 Azim, 2013, Prognostic impact of pregnancy after breast cancer according to estrogen receptor status: a multicenter retrospective study, J Clin Oncol, 31, 73, 10.1200/JCO.2012.44.2285 Stensheim, 2013, Birth outcomes among offspring of adult cancer survivors: a population-based study, Int J Cancer, 133, 2696 Wang, 2013, Optimizing fertility preservation for pre- and postpubertal males with cancer, Semin Reprod Med, 31, 274, 10.1055/s-0033-1345275 Berookhim BM, Mulhall JP. Outcomes of operative sperm retrieval strategies for fertility preservation among males scheduled to undergo cancer treatment. Fertil Steril 2014, Jan 11 [Epub ahead of print]. Signorello, 2012, Congenital anomalies in the children of cancer survivors: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study, J Clin Oncol, 30, 239, 10.1200/JCO.2011.37.2938 Winther, 2012, Genetic disease in the children of Danish survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer, J Clin Oncol, 30, 27, 10.1200/JCO.2011.35.0504 Dekrem, 2013, Effects of fetal exposure to maternal chemotherapy, Paediatr Drugs, 15, 329, 10.1007/s40272-013-0040-6 Pacey, 2012, Monitoring fertility (semen analysis) by cancer survivors who banked sperm prior to cancer treatment, Hum Reprod, 27, 3132, 10.1093/humrep/des300 Donnez, 2013, Restoration of ovarian activity and pregnancy after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue: a review of 60 cases of reimplantation, Fertil Steril, 99, 1503, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.030 Loren, 2013, American Society of Clinical Oncology Fertility preservation for patients with cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update, J Clin Oncol, 31, 2500, 10.1200/JCO.2013.49.2678 Prasath, 2014, First pregnancy and live birth resulting from cryopreserved embryos obtained from in vitro matured oocytes after oophorectomy in an ovarian cancer patient, Hum Reprod, 29, 276, 10.1093/humrep/det420 Nogueira, 2012, In vitro oocyte maturation: current status, Semin Reprod Med, 30, 199, 10.1055/s-0032-1311522 Cakmak, 2013, Ovarian stimulation in cancer patients, Fertil Steril, 99, 1476, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.029 Turan, 2013, Safety and feasibility of performing two consecutive ovarian stimulation cycles with the use of letrozole-gonadotropin protocol for fertility preservation in breast cancer patients, Fertil Steril, 100, 1681, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.030 van der Kaaij, 2010, Fertility preservation after chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma, Hematol Oncol, 28, 168, 10.1002/hon.939 van der Kaaij, 2012, Parenthood in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma: an EORTC-GELA general population case-control study, J Clin Oncol, 30, 3854, 10.1200/JCO.2011.40.8906 Irtan, 2013, Ovarian transposition in prepubescent and adolescent girls with cancer, Lancet Oncol, 14, e601, 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70288-2 Pareja, 2013, Surgical, oncological, and obstetrical outcomes after abdominal radical trachelectomy – a systematic literature review, Gynecol Oncol, 131, 77, 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.06.010 Zapardiel I, Diestro MD, Aletti G. Conservative treatment of early stage ovarian cancer: oncological and fertility outcomes. Eur J Surg Oncol 2013, Dec 13 [Epub ahead of print]. Hubbs, 2013, Systemic and local hormone therapy for endometrial hyperplasia and early adenocarcinoma, Obstet Gynecol, 121, 1172, 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31828d6186 Pacey AA, Eiser C. The importance of fertility preservation in cancer patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014, Feb 9 [Epub ahead of print]. Yee, 2013, A national study of the provision of oncology sperm banking services among Canadian fertility clinics, Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 22, 440, 10.1111/ecc.12045 Armuand, 2012, Sex differences in fertility-related information received by young adult cancer survivors, J Clin Oncol, 30, 2147, 10.1200/JCO.2011.40.6470 Schover, 2002, Oncologists’ attitudes and practices regarding banking sperm before cancer treatment, J Clin Oncol, 20, 1890, 10.1200/JCO.2002.07.174 Ginsberg, 2008, Sperm banking for adolescent and young adult cancer patients: sperm quality, patient, and parent perspectives, Pediatr Blood Cancer, 50, 594, 10.1002/pbc.21257 van der Kaaij, 2014, Cryopreservation, semen use and the likelihood of fatherhood in male Hodgkin lymphoma survivors: an EORTC-GELA Lymphoma Group cohort study., Hum Reprod, 29, 525, 10.1093/humrep/det430 Chambers, 2014, The impact of consumer affordability on access to assisted reproductive technologies and embryo transfer practices: an international analysis, Fertil Steril, 101, 191, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.005 Chandra, 1995, Infertility service use among U.S. women: 1995 and 2002, Fertil Steril, 2010, 725 Letourneau, 2012, Racial, soioeconomic, and demographic disparities in access to fertility preservation in young women diagnosed with cancer, Cancer, 118, 4579, 10.1002/cncr.26649 Goodman, 2012, Trends of socioeconomic disparities in referral patterns for fertility preservation consultation, Hum Reprod, 27, 2076, 10.1093/humrep/des133 Kim, 2012, Which patients pursue fertility preservation treatments? A multicenter analysis of the predictors of fertility preservation in women with breast cancer, Fertil Steril, 97, 671, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.12.008 Yee, 2012, A national study of the provision of oncofertility services to female patients in Canada, J Obstet Gynaecol Can, 34, 849, 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35384-1 Jenninga, 2008, Female fertility preservation: practical and ethical considerations of an underused procedure, Cancer J, 14, 333, 10.1097/PPO.0b013e31818860ac Kohler, 2011, Results from the survey for preservation of adolescent reproduction (SPARE) study: gender disparity in delivery of fertility preservation message to adolescents with cancer, J Assist Reprod Genet, 28, 269, 10.1007/s10815-010-9504-6 Ramskold, 2013, Commercial surrogacy: how provisions of monetary remuneration and powers of international law can prevent exploitation of gestational surrogates, J Med Ethics, 39, 397, 10.1136/medethics-2012-100527 Schover, 1999, Having children after cancer. A pilot survey of survivors’ attitudes and experiences, Cancer, 86, 697, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990815)86:4<697::AID-CNCR20>3.0.CO;2-J Schover, 2002, Knowledge and experience regarding cancer, infertility, and sperm banking in younger male survivors, J Clin Oncol, 20, 1880, 10.1200/JCO.2002.07.175 Partridge, 2004, Web-based survey of fertility issues in young women with breast cancer, J Clin Oncol, 22, 4174, 10.1200/JCO.2004.01.159 Duffy, 2005, Discussions regarding reproductive health for young women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, J Clin Oncol, 23, 766, 10.1200/JCO.2005.01.134 Burns, 2006, Attitudes regarding fertility preservation in female adolescent cancer patients, J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 28, 350, 10.1097/00043426-200606000-00006 Oosterhuis, 2008, Concerns about infertility risks among pediatric oncology patients and their parents, Pediatr Blood Cancer, 50, 85, 10.1002/pbc.21261 Forman, 2010, A nationwide survey of oncologists regarding treatment-related infertility and fertility preservation in female cancer patients, Fertil Steril, 94, 1652, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.008 Quinn, 2009, Physician referral for fertility preservation in oncology patients: a national study of practice behaviors, J Clin Oncol, 27, 5952, 10.1200/JCO.2009.23.0250 Adams, 2013, Fertility preservation in cancer survivors: a national survey of oncologists’ current knowledge, practice and attitudes, Br J Cancer, 108, 1602, 10.1038/bjc.2013.139 Gilbert, 2011, Who should be offered sperm banking for fertility preservation? A survey of UK oncologists and haematologists, Ann Oncol, 22, 1209, 10.1093/annonc/mdq579 Préaubert, 2013, Fertility preservation among patients with cancer: report of a French regional practical experience, J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris), 42, 246, 10.1016/j.jgyn.2013.01.003 Letourneau, 2012, Pretreatment fertility counseling and fertility preservation improve quality of life in reproductive age women with cancer, Cancer, 118, 1710, 10.1002/cncr.26459 Saito, 2005, Sperm cryopreservation before cancer chemotherapy helps in the emotional battle against cancer, Cancer, 104, 521, 10.1002/cncr.21185 Canada, 2012, The psychosocial impact of interrupted childbearing in long-term female cancer survivors, Psychooncology, 21, 134, 10.1002/pon.1875 Geue K, Richter D, Schmidt R, Sender A, Sidentopf F, Brähler E, Stöbel-Richter Y. The desire for children and fertility issues among young German cancer survivors. J Adolesc Health 2013, Dec 3 [Epub ahead of print]. Nagel, 2008, Using plain language skills to create an educational brochure about sperm banking for adolescent and young adult males with cancer, J Pediatr Oncol Nurs, 25220 Huyghe, 2009, Banking on fatherhood: pilot studies of a computerized educational tool on sperm banking before cancer treatment, Psychooncology, 18, 1011, 10.1002/pon.1506 Garvelink, 2013, Development of a decision aid about fertility preservation for women with breast cancer in The Netherlands, J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 34, 170, 10.3109/0167482X.2013.851663 Peate, 2012, Making hard choices easier: a prospective, multicentre study to assess the efficacy of a fertility-related decision aid in young women with early-stage breast cancer, Br J Cancer, 106, 1053, 10.1038/bjc.2012.61 Stacey, 2014, Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1, CD001431 Rosen, 2005, Third-party reproduction and adoption in cancer patients, J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr, 34, 91, 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgi021