Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Dark Septate Endophyte Fungal Associations in Two Dominant Ginger Species of Northeast India

Ravindran PN, Nirmal BK, Shiva KN (2005) Botany and crop improvement of ginger. In: Ravindran PN, Nirmal BK (eds) Ginger: the genus Zingiber. CRC Press, New York Sharma GJ, Chirangini P, Kishor R (2011) Gingers of Manipur: diversity and potentials as bioresources. Genet Resour Crop Evol 58:753–767 Rahman H, Karuppaiyan R, Kishore K, Denzongpa R (2009) Traditional practices of ginger cultivation in Northeast India. Ind J Trad Knowledge 8(1):23–28 Khade SW, Rodrigues BF (2007) Incidence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in some angiosperms with underground storage organs from Western Ghats region of Goa. Trop Ecol 48:115–118 Uma E, Muthukumar T, Sathiyadash K, Muniappan V (2010) Mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in gingers and spiral gingers. Botany 88:500–511 Smith SE, Read DJ (2008) Mycorrhizal symbiosis, 3rd edn. Academic Press, London Bagyaraj DJ, Sharma MP, Maiti D (2015) Phosphorus nutrition of crops through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Curr Sci 108(7):1288–1293 Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ (2015) Influence of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of Chilly. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 85:71–75 Chen M, Arato M, Borghi L, Nouri E, Reinhardt D (2018) Beneficial services of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi—from ecology to application. Front Plant Sci 9:1270. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01270 Wang B, Qui YL (2006) Phylogenetic distribution and evolution of mycorrhizas in land plants. Mycorrhiza 16:299–363 Mandyam K, Jumpponen A (2005) Seeking the elusive function of root-colonizing dark septate endophytic fungi. Stud Mycol 53:173–189 Newsham KK (2011) A meta-analysis of plant responses to dark septate root endophytes. New Phytol 190:783–793 Pandey RR, Chongtham I, Muthukumar T (2016) Influence of season and edaphic factors on endorhizal fungal associations in subtropical plantation forest trees of Northeastern India. Flora 222:1–12 Surendirakumar K, Pandey RR, Muthukumar T (2019) Influence of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and bacterial bioinoculants on growth and yield of Capsicum chinense cultivated in non-sterilized soil. J Agric Sci 157:31–44 Taber RA, Trappe JM (1982) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza in rhizomes, scale-like leaves, roots, and xylem of ginger. Mycologia 74:156–161 da Silva MF, Pescador R, Rebelo RA, Stürmer SL (2008) The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates on the development and oleoresin production of micropropagated Zingiber officinale. Braz J Plant Physiol 20:119–130 dos Santos R, Girardi CG, Pescador R, Stürmer SL (2010) Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilization on post vitro growth of micropropagated Zingiber officinale Roscoe. R Bras Ci Solo 34:765–771 Kawamoto I, Habte M (2011) Enhancement of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal status of an established ginger crop through a mycorrhizal onion companion crop. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 57:659–662 Muthukumar T, Senthikumar M, Rajangam M, Udaiyan K (2006) Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology and dark septate fungal associations in medicinal and aromatic plants of Western Ghats, Southern India. Mycorrhiza 17:11–24 Sehgal JL, Sen TK, Chamuah GS, Singh RS, Nayak DC, Saxena RK, Baruah U, Maji UK (1993) Soils of Manipur for land use planning. National bureau of soil survey and land use planning, Nagpur Yadav RK, Yadav DS, Rai N, Sanwal SK, Sarma P (2004) Commercial prospects of ginger cultivation in North-Eastern region. ENVIS Bulletin: Himal Ecol 12(2):1–5 Allen SE, Grimshaw HM, Parkinson JA, Quarmby C (1974) Chemical analysis of ecological materials. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford Walkley A, Black IA (1934) An examination of the Det Jareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci 37:29–38 Jackson ML (1971) Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall, New Delhi Koske RE, Gemma JN (1989) A modified procedure for staining roots to detect VA-mycorrhizas. Mycol Res 92:486–488 McGonigle TP, Miller MH, Evans DG, Fairchild GL, Swan JL (1990) A new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol 115:495–501 Dickson S (2004) The Arum–Paris continuum of mycorrhizal symbioses. New Phytol 163:187–200 Muthukumar T, Sathiyadash K, Valarmathi V (2018) Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungal associations in plants of different vegetation types in Velliangiri hills of Western Ghats, Southern India. Acta Bot Hung 60:185–222 Gerdeman JW, Nicolson TJ (1963) Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans Br Mycol Soc 46:235–244 Schenck NC, Perez Y (1990) Manual for identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi, 2nd edn. INVAM University of Florida, Gainesville Dandan Z, Zhiwei Z (2007) Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the hot-dry valley of the Jinsha river, Southwest China. Appl Soil Ecol 37:118–128 Muthukumar T, Tamilselvi V (2010) Occurrence and morphology of endorrhizal fungi in crop species. J Agron Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst 12:593–604 Dickson S, Smith FA, Smith SE (2007) Structural differences in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses: more than 100 years after Gallaud, where next? Mycorrhiza 17:375–393 Smith SE, Jakobsen I, Grønlund M, Smith FA (2011) Roles of arbuscular mycorrhizas in plant phosphorus nutrition: interactions between pathways of phosphorus uptake in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots have important implications for understanding and manipulating plant phosphorus acquisition. Plant Physiol 156:1050–1057 Öpik M, Moora M, Liira J, Zobel M (2006) Composition of root colonizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in different ecosystems around the globe. J Ecol 94:778–790 Evelin H, Kapoor R, Giri B (2009) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress: a review. Ann Bot 104:1263–1280 Füzy A, Biró B, Tóth T (2010) Effect of saline soil parameters on endomycorrhizal colonisation of dominant halophytes in four Hungarian sites. Span J Agric Res 8:144–148 Latef AAHA, Miransari M (2014) The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress. In: Miransari M (ed) Use of microbes for the alleviation of soil stresses. Springer, New York Yamato M, Iwasaki M (2002) Morphological types of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of understory plants in Japanese deciduous broad leaved forests. Mycorrhiza 12:291–296 Lingfei L, Anna Y, Zhiwei Z (2005) Seasonality of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and dark septate endophytes in a grassland site in southwest China. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 54:367–373 Reininger V, Sieber TN (2012) Mycorrhiza reduces adverse effects of dark septate endophytes (DSE) on growth of conifers. PLoS ONE 7(8):e42865. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042865 Aguilar-Fernández M, Víctor JJ, Varela-Fregoso L, Gavito ME (2009) Short-term consequences of slash-and-burn practices on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of a tropical dry forest. Mycorrhiza 19:179–186 Rajeshkumar PP, Hosagoudar VB, Gopakumar B (2013) Mycorrhizal association of Ochlandra travancorica in Kerala, India. J Threat Taxa 5(2):3673–3677 Singh SS, Tiwari SC, Dkhar MS (2003) Species diversity of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in jhum fallow and natural forest soils of Arunachal Pradesh, North Eastern India. Trop Ecol 44:207–215 Wang FY, Liu RJ, Lin XG, Zhou JM (2003) Comparison of diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different ecological environments. Acta Ecol Sin 23:2666–2671 Bever JD, Schultz PA, Pringle A, Morton JB (2001) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: more diverse than meets the eye, and the ecological tale of why. Bio Sci 51:923–931