Organization of the afferent connections of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in the rat, related to the mediodorsal-prefrontal topography

Neuroscience - Tập 24 - Trang 379-431 - 1988
H.J. Groenewegen1
1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Tài liệu tham khảo

Aggleton, 1984, Projections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomolgus monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 222, 56, 10.1002/cne.902220106 Akert, 1964, Comparative anatomy of frontal cortex and thalamofrontal connections, 372 Alexander, 1986, Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex, A. Rev. Neurosci., 9, 357, 10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 Angaut, 1985, Topographic organization of the cerebellothalamic projections in the rat. An autoradiographic study, Neuroscience, 15, 389, 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90221-0 Azmitia, 1978, An autoradiographic analysis of the differential ascending projections of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 179, 641, 10.1002/cne.901790311 Barbas, 1981, Organization of afferent input to subdivisions of area 8 in the rhesus monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 200, 407, 10.1002/cne.902000309 Beckstead, 1979, An autoradiographic examination of corticocortical and subcortical projections of the mediodorsal-projection (prefrontal) cortex in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 184, 43, 10.1002/cne.901840104 Beckstead, 1979, Efferent connections of the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in the rat, Brain Res., 175, 191, 10.1016/0006-8993(79)91001-1 Benevento, 1975, The ascending projections of the superior colliculus in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), J. comp. Neurol., 160, 339, 10.1002/cne.901600306 Benjamin, 1982, Sources of olfactory inputs to opossum mediodorsal nucleus identified by horseradish peroxidase and autoradiographic methods, J. comp. Neurol., 207, 358, 10.1002/cne.902070407 Björklund, 1984, Dopamine-containing system in the CNS, Vol. 2, 55 Bobillier, 1976, The raphe nuclei of the rat brain stem: A topographical atlas of the efferent projections as revealed by autoradiography, Brain Res., 113, 449, 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90050-0 Bobillier, 1979, The efferent connections of the nucleus raphe centralis superior in the rat as revealed by radioautography, Brain Res., 166, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90644-9 Carpenter, 1976, Nigrothalamic projections in the monkey demonstrated by autoradiographic technics, J. comp. Neurol., 165, 401, 10.1002/cne.901650402 Chevalier, 1984, Spatio-temporal organization of a branched tecto-spinal/tecto-diencephalic neuronal system, Neuroscience, 12, 427, 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90063-0 Chi, 1970, An experimental silver study of the ascending projections of the central gray substance and adjacent tegmentum in the rat with observations in the cat, J. comp. Neurol., 139, 259, 10.1002/cne.901390302 Conrad, 1974, Connections of the median and dorsal raphe nuclei in the rat: an autoradiographic and degeneration study, J. comp. Neurol., 156, 179, 10.1002/cne.901560205 Coons, 1958, Fluorescent antibody methods, 399 Craig, 1981, Spinal and medullary lamina. I Projection to nucleus submedius in medial thalamus: a possible pain center, J. Neurophysiol., 45, 443, 10.1152/jn.1981.45.3.443 Cropper, 1984, An immunocytochemical study of the serotonergic innervation of the thalamus of the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 224, 38, 10.1002/cne.902240104 Crowne, 1983, The frontal eye field and attention, Psychol. Bull., 93, 232, 10.1037/0033-2909.93.2.232 DeLong, 1984, Functional organization of the basal ganglia: contributions of single-cell recording studies, 64 DeOlmos, 1977, Mapping of collateral projections with the HRP-method, Neurosci. Lett., 6, 107, 10.1016/0304-3940(77)90004-0 Divac, 1978, Subcortical projections to the prefrontal cortex in the rat as revealed by the horseradish peroxidase technique, Neuroscience, 3, 785, 10.1016/0306-4522(78)90031-3 Divac, 1980, Connections of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the tree shrew. II. Efferent connections, Neurosci.-Lett., 19, 21, 10.1016/0304-3940(80)90249-9 Donoghue, 1986, Neostriatal projections from individual cortical fields conform to histochemically distinct striatal compartments in the rat, Brain Res., 365, 397, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)91658-6 Eberhart, 1985, An autoradiographic study of projections ascending from the midbrain central gray and from the region lateral to it, in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 241, 285, 10.1002/cne.902410305 Eden, 1985, Cytoarchitectonic development of the prefrontal cortex in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 241, 253, 10.1002/cne.902410302 Eichenbaum, 1980, Thalamo-cortical mechanisms in odor-guided behavior. I. Effects of lesions of the medio-dorsal thalamic nucleus and frontal cortex on olfactory discrimination in the rat, Brain Behav. Evol., 17, 255, 10.1159/000121803 Eichenbaum, 1983, Reexamination of functional subdivisions of the rodent prefrontal cortex, Expl Neurol., 79, 434, 10.1016/0014-4886(83)90224-8 Evarts, 1984, Behavioral correlates of activity in basal ganglia neurons, Trends Neurosci., 7, 447, 10.1016/S0166-2236(84)80151-4 Evarts, 1984, Basal ganglia outputs and motor control, 83 Faull, 1978, The cerebellofugal projections in the brachium conjunctivum of the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 178, 495, 10.1002/cne.901780307 Fuster, 1980 Geffard, 1984, First demonstration of highly specific and sensitive antibodies against dopamine, Brain Res., 294, 161, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)91323-4 Geneser-Jensen, 1971, Distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the hippocampal region of the guinea pig.I. Entorhinal area, parasubiculum and presubiculum, Z. Zelforsch. mikrosk. Anat., 114, 460, 10.1007/BF00325634 Gerfen, 1979, Neural inputs to the prefrontal agranular insular cortex in the rat: horseradish peroxidase study, Brain Res. Bull., 4, 347, 10.1016/S0361-9230(79)80012-X Gerfen, 1984, An anterograde neuroanatomical tracing method that shows the detailed morphology of neurons, their axons and terminals: immunohistochemical localization of an axonally transported plant lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin, Brain Res., 290, 219, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90940-5 Gerfen, 1982, Crossed connections of the substantia nigra in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 207, 283, 10.1002/cne.902070308 Goldman-Rakic, 1985, The primate mediodorsal (MD) nucleus and its projection to the frontal lobe, J. comp. Neurol., 242, 535, 10.1002/cne.902420406 Graham, 1966, The early stages of absorption of injected horseradish peroxidase in the proximal tubulus of mouse kidney: Ultrastructural cytochemistry by a new technique, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 14, 291, 10.1177/14.4.291 Groenewegen, 1986, Cytoarchitecture, fiber connections and some histochemical aspects of the interpeduncular nucleus in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 249, 65, 10.1002/cne.902490107 Groenewegen, 1983, Efferent connections of the dorsal tegmental region in the rat, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 9, 516 Groenewegen, 1982, Cortical afferents of the nucleus accumbens in the cat, studied with anterograde and retrograde transport techniques, Neuroscience, 7, 977, 10.1016/0306-4522(82)90055-0 Groenewegen, 1984, Organization of the efferent projections of the nucleus accumbens to pallidal, hypothalamic and mesencephalic structures: a tracing and immunohistochemical study in the cat, J. comp. Neurol., 223, 347, 10.1002/cne.902230303 Groenewegen, 1984, Efferent projections of the ventral pallidum in the rat as studied with the anterograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), Neurosci. Lett., 18, 58 Groenewegen, 1984, Efferent connections of the dorsal tegmental region in the rat, studied by means of anterograde transport of the lectin Phaseolus vulgarisleucoagglutinin (PHA-L), Brain Res., 304, 367, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90341-X Groenewegen, 1987, Organization of the projections from the subiculum to the ventral striatum in the rat. A study using anterograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), Neuroscience, 23, 103, 10.1016/0306-4522(87)90275-2 Haber, 1983, Ramifications of the globus pallidus in the rat as indicated by patterns of immunohistochemistry, Neuroscience, 9, 245, 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90291-9 Haber, 1985, Efferent connections of the ventral pallidum: evidence of a dual striato pallidofugal pathway, J. comp. Neurol., 235, 322, 10.1002/cne.902350304 Hall, 1974, Organization of motor and somatosensory neocortex in the albino rat, Brain Res., 66, 23, 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90076-6 Haroian, 1981, Cerebellothalamic projections in the rat: an autoradiographic and degeneration study, J. comp. Neurol., 197, 217, 10.1002/cne.901970205 Harting, 1980, Ascending pathways from the monkey superior colliculus: an autoradiographic analysis, J. comp. Neurol., 192, 853, 10.1002/cne.901920414 Heimer, 1972, The olfactory connections of the diencephalon in the rat, Brain Behav. Evol., 6, 484, 10.1159/000123728 Heimer, 1978, The olfactory cortex and the ventral striatum, 95 Heimer, 1987, The ventral striatopallidothalamic projection: I. The striatopallidal link originating in the striatal parts of the olfactory tubercle, J. comp. Neurol., 255, 571, 10.1002/cne.902550409 Herkenham, 1979, The afferent and efferent connections of the ventromedial thalamic nucleus in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 183, 487, 10.1002/cne.901830304 Herkenham, 1986, New perspectives on the organization and evolution of nonspecific thalamocortical projections, Vol. 5, 403 Herkenham, 1977, Afferent connections of the habenular nuclei in the rat. A horseradish peroxidase study, with a note on the fiber-of-passage problem, J. comp. Neurol., 173, 123, 10.1002/cne.901730107 Herkenham, 1979, Efferent connections of the habenular nuclei in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 187, 19, 10.1002/cne.901870103 Hosoya, 1981, Brainstem projections from the lateral hypothalamic area in the rat, as studied with autoradiography, Neurosci. Lett., 24, 111, 10.1016/0304-3940(81)90232-9 Hurley-Gius, 1986, The medial frontal cortex and gastric motility: microstimulation results and their possible significance for the overall pattern of organization of rat frontal and parietal cortex, Brain Res., 365, 241, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)91635-5 Ichikawa, 1986, Organization of choline acetyltransferase-containing structures in the forebrain of the rat, J. Neurosci., 6, 281, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.06-01-00281.1986 Ilinsky, 1985, Organization of the nigrothalamocortical system in the rhesus monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 236, 316, 10.1002/cne.902360304 Irle, 1984, Cortical and subcortical, including sensory-related afferents to the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus of the cat, J. Hirnforsch., 24, 1 Jacobson, 1977, Prefrontal granular cortex of the rhesus monkey.I. Intrahemispheric cortical afferents, Brain Res., 132, 209, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90417-6 Jones, 1985 Jones, 1974, Retrograde axonal transport and the demonstration of non-specific projections to the cerebral cortex and striatum from thalamic intralaminar nuclei in the rat, cat and monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 154, 349, 10.1002/cne.901540402 Kaufman, 1985, Efferent projections of the thalamic intralaminar nuclei in the cat, Brain Res., 335, 257, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90478-0 Kaufman, 1985, Afferent connections of the thalamic intralaminar nuclei in the cat, Brain Res., 335, 281, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90479-2 Kelley, 1982, The amygdalostriatal projection in the rat. An anatomical study by anterograde and retrograde tracing methods, Neuroscience, 7, 615, 10.1016/0306-4522(82)90067-7 Kelley, 1984, The distribution of the projection from the parataenial nucleus of the thalamus to the nucleus accumbens in the rat: an autoradiographic study, Expl Brain Res., 54, 499, 10.1007/BF00235475 Kievit, 1977, Organization of the thalamocortical connections to the frontal lobe in the rhesus monkey, Expl Brain Res., 29, 299, 10.1007/BF00236173 Kolb, 1984, Functions of the frontal cortex of the rat: a comparative review, Brain Res. Rev., 8, 65, 10.1016/0165-0173(84)90018-3 Kolb, 1982, Dissocation of the contributions of the prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial thalamic nucleus to spatially guided behavior in the rat, Behav. Brain Res., 6, 365, 10.1016/0166-4328(82)90018-3 Kosar, 1986, Gustatory cortex in the rat.I. Physiological properties and cytoarchitecture, Brain Res., 379, 329, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90787-0 Kosar, 1986, Gustatory cortex in the rat. II. Thalamocortical projections, Brain Res., 379, 342, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90788-2 Krettek, 1977, The cortical projections of the mediodorsal nucleus and adjacent thalamic nuclei in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 171, 157, 10.1002/cne.901710204 Krettek, 1978, Projections from the amygdaloid complex to the cerabral cortex and thalamus in the rat and cat, J. comp. Neurol., 172, 687, 10.1002/cne.901720408 Krettek, 1974, A direct input from the amygdala to the thalamus and the cerebral cortex, Brain Res., 67, 169, 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90309-6 Künzle, 1976, Projection of area 8 (frontal eye field) to superior colliculus in the monkey. An autoradiographic study, Brain Res., 117, 487, 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90754-X Kuypers, 1984, Fluorescent neuronal tracers, 55 Leichnetz, 1981, The prefrontal corticotectal projection in the monkey; an anterograde and retrograde horseradish peroxidase study, Neuroscience, 6, 1023, 10.1016/0306-4522(81)90068-3 Levey, 1987, Choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the rat thalamus, J. comp. Neurol., 257, 317, 10.1002/cne.902570302 Leonard, 1969, The prefrontal cortex of the rat.I. Cortical projection of the mediodorsal nucleus. II. Efferent connections, Brain Res., 12, 321, 10.1016/0006-8993(69)90003-1 Leonard, 1972, The connections of the dorsomedial nuclei, Brain Behav. Evol., 6, 524, 10.1159/000123730 Lindvall, 1974, The adrenergic innervation of the rat thalamus as revealed by the glyoxylic acid fluorescence method, J. comp. Neurol., 154, 317, 10.1002/cne.901540307 Liu, 1984, The dorsal tegmental nucleus: an axoplasmic transport study, Brain Res., 310, 123, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90015-5 Markowitsch, 1982, Thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and memory: a critical evaluation of studies in animals and man, Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 6, 351, 10.1016/0149-7634(82)90046-X McCrea, 1985, Anatomical connections of the nucleus prepositus of the cat, J. comp. Neurol., 237, 377, 10.1002/cne.902370308 Meibach, 1977, Efferent connections of the septal area in the rat: an analysis utilizing retrograde and anterograde transport methods, Brain Res., 199, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90088-9 Merker, 1983, Silver staining of cell bodies by means of physical development, J. neurosci. Meth., 9, 235, 10.1016/0165-0270(83)90086-9 Mesulam, 1978, Tetramethyl benzidine for horseradish peroxidase neurochemistry: a non-carcinogenic blue reaction product with superior sensitivity for visualizing neural afferents and efferents, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 26, 106, 10.1177/26.2.24068 Mesulam, 1982, Tracing neural connections with horseradish peroxidase, 1 Mesulam, 1983, Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an altenative nomenclature (Ch1–Ch6), Neuroscience, 10, 1185, 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90108-2 Mogenson, 1987, Ventral pallidum projections to mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus: an anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the rat, Brain Res., 404, 221, 10.1016/0006-8993(87)91373-4 Moore, 1984, Noradrenaline containing neuron systems, Vol. 2, 123 Nauta, 1979, Projections of the pallidal complex: an autoradiographic study in the cat, Neuroscience, 4, 1853, 10.1016/0306-4522(79)90060-5 Nauta, 1961, Fiber degeneration following lesions of the amygdaloid complex in the monkey, J. Anat., Lond., 95, 515 Nauta, 1971, The problem of the frontal lobe: a reinterpretation, J. Psychiat. Res., 8, 167, 10.1016/0022-3956(71)90017-3 Nauta, 1986, Circuitous connections linking cerebral cortex, limbic system and corpus striatum, 43 Nauta, 1978, Efferent connections and nigral afferents of the nucleus accumbens septi in the rat, Neuroscience, 3, 385, 10.1016/0306-4522(78)90041-6 Naefsey, 1987, The topographical organization of neurons in the rat medial frontal, insular and olfactory cortex projecting to the solitary nucleus, olfactory bulb, periaqueductal gray and superior colliculus, Brain Res., 377, 261, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90867-X Ono, 1985, Direct projections of the hypothalamic nuclei to the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus in the cat, Neurosci. Lett., 57, 283, 10.1016/0304-3940(85)90506-3 Ono, 1986, Afferent projections to the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus in the cat studied by retrograde and anterograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase, J. Himforsch., 27, 597 Penney, 1981, GABA as the pallidothalamic neurotransmitter: implications for basal ganglia function, Brain Res., 207, 195, 10.1016/0006-8993(81)90693-4 Penney, 1983, Speculations on the functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders, A. Rev. Neurosci., 6, 73, 10.1146/annurev.ne.06.030183.000445 Peschanski, 1984, A spino-reticulo-thalamic pathway in the rat: an anatomical study with reference to pain transmission, Neuroscience, 12, 165, 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90145-3 Porrino, 1981, Direct and indirect pathways from the amygdala to the frontal lobe in rhesus monkeys, J. comp. Neurol., 198, 121, 10.1002/cne.901980111 Porrino, 1982, Brainstem innervation of prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in the rhesus monkey revealed by retrograde transport of HRP, J. comp. Neurol., 205, 63, 10.1002/cne.902050107 Price, 1981, The efferent projections of the amygdaloid complex in the rat, cat and monkey, 121 Price, 1983, Dual olfactory representation in the rat thalamus: an anatomical and electrophysiological study, J. comp. Neurol., 215, 63, 10.1002/cne.902150106 Rausell, 1985, Thalamocortical neurons projecting to superficial and to deep layers in parietal, frontal and prefrontal regions in the cat, Brain Res., 347, 159, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90905-9 Ray, 1986, Transmitter specific inputs to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) in the rat, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 12, 810 Reep, 1984, Relationship between prefrontal and limbic cortex: a comparative anatomical review, Brain Behav. Evol., 25, 5, 10.1159/000118849 Reep, 1983, Afferent connections of medial precentral cortex in the rat, Neurosci. Lett., 44, 247, 10.1016/0304-3940(84)90030-2 Ricardo, 1978, Anatomical evidence of direct projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the hypothalamus, amygdala and other forebrain structures in the rat, Brain Res., 153, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(78)91125-3 Room, 1986, Connections of the parahippocampal cortex.I. Cortical afferents, J. comp. Neurol., 251, 415, 10.1002/cne.902510402 Rosenkilde, 1983, Functions of the prefrontal cortex: behavioral investigations using ablation and electro-physiological techniques in rats, cats, dogs and monkeys, Acta physiol. scand., 514, 1 Russchen, 1987, The afferent input to the magnocellular division of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in the monkey, Macaca fascicularis, J. comp. Neurol., 256, 175, 10.1002/cne.902560202 Russchen, 1985, The amygdalostriatal projections in the monkey. An anterograde tracing study, Brain Res., 329, 241, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90530-X Russchen, 1985, Presumptive glutamergic/aspartergic and GABA-ergic inputs to the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) in the rat, Neurosci. Lett. Suppl., 22, 93 Sakurai, 1985, Effects of lesions of prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial thalamus on delayed go/no-go alternation in rats, Behav. Brain Res., 17, 213, 10.1016/0166-4328(85)90045-2 Sapawi, 1978, Connections of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the tree shrew.I. Afferent connections, Neurosci. Lett., 7, 183, 10.1016/0304-3940(78)90165-9 Saper, 1979, An autoradiographic study of the efferent connections of the lateral hypothalamic area in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 183, 689, 10.1002/cne.901830402 Sapolsky, 1980, Thalamocortical mechanisms in odor-guided behavior. II. Effects of lesions of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and frontal cortex on odor preferences and sexual behavior in the hamster, Brain Behav. Evol., 17, 276, 10.1159/000121804 Satoh, 1986, Cholinergic neurons of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus: efferent and afferent connections, J. comp. Neurol., 253, 277, 10.1002/cne.902530302 Scott, 1971, The olfactory connections of the lateral hypothalamus in the rat, mouse and hamster, J. comp. Neurol., 141, 331, 10.1002/cne.901410305 Segal, 1983, The prefrontal corticotectal projections in the cat, Expl Brain Res., 51, 423, 10.1007/BF00237879 Siegel, 1977, The origin of the afferent supply to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus: enhancement of HRP transport by selective lesions, Brain Res., 135, 11, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)91048-4 Skagerberg, 1984, Origin, course and termination of the mesohabenular dopamine pathway in the rat, Brain Res., 307, 99, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90465-7 Sofroniew, 1985, Cholinergic projections from the midbrain and pons to the thalamus in the rat, identified by combined retrograde tracing and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry, Brain Res., 329, 213, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90527-X Steinbusch, 1981, Distribution of serotonin-immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat-cell bodies and terminals, Neuroscience, 6, 557, 10.1016/0306-4522(81)90146-9 Steinbusch, 1985, Serotonin-immunoreactive neuron and their projections in the CNS, Vol. 3, 68 Steinbusch, 1983, The raphe nuclei of the rat brainstem: a cytoarchitectonic and immunohistochemical study, 131 Sternberger, 1979 Swanson, 1976, An autoradiographic study of the efferent connections of the preoptic region in the rat, J. comp. Neurol., 167, 227, 10.1002/cne.901670207 Swanson, 1984, Evidence for a projection from the lateral preoptic area and substantia innominata to the “Mesencephalic Locomotor Region” in the rat, Brain Res., 295, 161, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90827-8 Switzer, 1982, The globus pallidus and its rostroventral extension into the olfactory tubercle of the rat: a cyto- and chemoarchitectural study, Neuroscience, 7, 1891, 10.1016/0306-4522(82)90005-7 Takeuchi, 1985, Transnuclear transport and axon collateral projections of the mamillary nuclei in the rat, Brain Res. Bull., 14, 453, 10.1016/0361-9230(85)90024-3 TerHorst, 1984, Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin immunohistochemistry. A comparison between autoradiographic and lectin tracing of neuronal efferents, Brain Res., 307, 379, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90500-6 Terreberry, 1983, Rat medial frontal cortex: a visceral motor region with a direct projection to the solitary nucleus, Brain Res., 278, 245, 10.1016/0006-8993(83)90246-9 Teuber, 1964, The riddle of frontal lobe function in man, 410 VanderKooy, 1985, The organization of projections from the cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus to the nucleus of the solitary tract in rat, J. comp. Neurol., 224, 1, 10.1002/cne.902240102 Velayos, 1982, Topographic organization of the brainstem afférents to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, J. comp. Neurol., 206, 17, 10.1002/cne.902060104 Velayos, 1985, Prosencephalic afferents to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, J. comp. Neurol., 242, 161, 10.1002/cne.902420203 Vives, 1985, Electrophysiological evidence that the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus is a relay between the ventral pallidum and the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat, Brain Res., 344, 329, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90811-X Voorn, 1986, The dopaminergic innervation of the ventral striatum in the rat; a light- and electronmicroscopical study, using antibodies against dopamine, J. comp. Neurol., 251, 84, 10.1002/cne.902510106 Winocur, 1985, The hippocampus and thalamus: their roles in short- and long-term memory and the effects of interference, Behav. Brain Res., 16, 135, 10.1016/0166-4328(85)90088-9 Wouterlood, 1984, Neuroanatomical tracing by use of Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L): electron microscopy of PHA-L-filled neuronal somata, dendrites, axons and axon terminals, Brain Res., 326, 188, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91402-7 Wurtz, 1980, Visual-motor function of the primate superior colliculus, A. Rev. Neurosci., 3, 189, 10.1146/annurev.ne.03.030180.001201 Wyss, 1984, The topography of the mesencephalic and pontine projections from the cingulate cortex of the rat, Brain Res., 293, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(84)91448-3 Young, 1984, The ventral pallidal projection to the mediodorsal thalamus: a study with fluorescent retrograde tracers and immunohistofluorescence, J. Neurosci., 4, 1626, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-06-01626.1984 Zahm, 1987, The ventral striatopallidothalamic projection. III. Striatal cells of the olfactory tubercle establish direct synaptic contact with ventral pallidal cells projecting to mediodorsal thalamus, Brain Res., 404, 327, 10.1016/0006-8993(87)91388-6 Zahm, 1987, The ventral striatopallidothalamic projection: II. The ventral pallidothalamic link, J. comp. Neurol., 255, 592, 10.1002/cne.902550410